China vs Spain

China vs Spain: Government debt

Government debt in 2025: 98.6% of GDP in China and 100.5% of GDP in Spain, by IMF estimates. In 2025 the value was higher in Spain, by 1.9 percentage points, or 1.02 times that in China.

Watch it change on the map

% of GDP · IMF

China vs Spain: Government debtGovernment debt in 2025: 98.6% of GDP in China and 100.5% of GDP in Spain, by IMF estimates. In 2025 the value was higher in Spain, by 1.9 percentage points, or 1.02 times that in China.
ChinaSpainIMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026)

What the numbers say

  • Spain has been higher in every year both have figures for since 1995.
  • In 2025, China ranked 17 and Spain ranked 14 of 149 countries, counting from the highest.
  • The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts China at 122.1% of GDP and Spain at 89.4% of GDP in 2031.

Every year

% of GDP · IMF

YearChinaSpain
202598.6100.5
202490.5101.4
202384.1105.2
202277.3109.2
202172.1115.6
202070.6119.2
201959.997.6
201855.799.7
201753.7101.1
201650102
201540.9102.4
201439.4104.4
201336.6100
201233.989.6
20113369.5
201033.160.3
200933.953.1
200826.639.6
200728.835.7
200625.239
20052642.4
200425.945.3
200326.447.7
200225.551.2
200124.254.1
200022.657.8
199921.660.9
199820.462.4
199720.464.3
199621.265.4
199521.461.6
1994–57
1993–54.6
1992–44.1
1991–41.9
1990–41.3
1989–39.9
1988–38.5
1987–41.9
1986–42.1
1985–40.9
1984–36
1983–29.5
1982–24.4
1981–19.5
1980–16.1
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
YearChinaSpain
2026104.497.6
2027109.195.2
2028113.293.2
2029116.492
2030119.590.7
2031122.189.4

Each country on its own

Good to know

  • What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
  • Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
  • The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
  • Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.

How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time

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