China vs Sudan
China vs Sudan: Government debt
Government debt: 98.6% of GDP in China in 2025 and 191.3% of GDP in Sudan in 2021, by IMF estimates. In 2021 the value was higher in Sudan, by 119.2 percentage points, or 2.65 times that in China.
% of GDP · IMF
What the numbers say
- Sudan has been higher in every year both have figures for since 1995.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts China at 122.1% of GDP and Sudan at 192.2% of GDP in 2031.
Every year
% of GDP · IMF
| Year | China | Sudan |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 98.6 | 204.4 |
| 2024 | 90.5 | 282.3 |
| 2023 | 84.1 | 286.9 |
| 2022 | 77.3 | 189 |
| 2021 | 72.1 | 191.3 |
| 2020 | 70.6 | 278.8 |
| 2019 | 59.9 | 216.5 |
| 2018 | 55.7 | 209.8 |
| 2017 | 53.7 | 149.5 |
| 2016 | 50 | 109.9 |
| 2015 | 40.9 | 93.2 |
| 2014 | 39.4 | 84.4 |
| 2013 | 36.6 | 105.8 |
| 2012 | 33.9 | 117.7 |
| 2011 | 33 | 78.1 |
| 2010 | 33.1 | 74.6 |
| 2009 | 33.9 | 71 |
| 2008 | 26.6 | 55.8 |
| 2007 | 28.8 | 53.7 |
| 2006 | 25.2 | 63.7 |
| 2005 | 26 | 75.5 |
| 2004 | 25.9 | 97.8 |
| 2003 | 26.4 | 117.4 |
| 2002 | 25.5 | 121.7 |
| 2001 | 24.2 | 125.6 |
| 2000 | 22.6 | 143.2 |
| 1999 | 21.6 | 160.5 |
| 1998 | 20.4 | 179.7 |
| 1997 | 20.4 | 167.7 |
| 1996 | 21.2 | 220.9 |
| 1995 | 21.4 | 239 |
| 1994 | – | 386.5 |
| 1993 | – | 285.9 |
| 1992 | – | 495.2 |
- 12.3Projected
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | China | Sudan |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 104.4 | 334.4 |
| 2027 | 109.1 | 274.1 |
| 2028 | 113.2 | 235.5 |
| 2029 | 116.4 | 225.2 |
| 2030 | 119.5 | 212 |
| 2031 | 122.1 | 192.2 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
China vs Sudan
Health
- Life expectancyChina: 78 years in 2023Sudan: 66.3 years in 2023
- Child mortalityChina: 0.6 per 100 live births in 2024Sudan: 6.2 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityChina: 5.1 per 1,000 live births in 2023Sudan: 36.2 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionChina: 3.31% in 2017Sudan: 3.78% in 2017
- Suicide rateChina: 7.2 per 100,000 people in 2017Sudan: 5 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationChina: 1.42 billion people in 2023Sudan: 50 million people in 2023
- Population growthChina: -0.24% a year in 2023Sudan: 0.02% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateChina: 1 births per woman in 2023Sudan: 4.32 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationChina: 66.3% in 2025Sudan: 34.9% in 2025
- Median ageChina: 39.1 years in 2023Sudan: 18.3 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overChina: 14.3% in 2023Sudan: 3.2% in 2023
- Net migration rateChina: -0.4 per 1,000 people in 2023Sudan: -27 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingChina: 1.73% of GDP in 2025Sudan: 0.93% of GDP in 2021
- Military spending in US dollarsChina: $335B in 2025Sudan: $2.77B in 2021
- Military spending per personChina: $237 in 2025Sudan: $8 in 2021
- Military share of state spendingChina: 5.1% of government spending in 2025Sudan: 9.5% of government spending in 2021
- Armed forces personnelChina: 2.54 million people in 2020Sudan: 144,000 people in 2020
- National powerChina: 23.41% of world capability in 2022Sudan: 0.37% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersChina: 0.33% of the labour force in 2020Sudan: 1.34% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsChina: 207 million TIV in 2025Sudan: 57 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsChina: 880 million TIV in 2025Sudan: 11 million TIV in 2013