Croatia vs Montenegro
Croatia vs Montenegro: Government debt
Government debt in 2025: 56.3% of GDP in Croatia and 63.5% of GDP in Montenegro, by IMF estimates. In 2025 the value was higher in Montenegro, by 7.2 percentage points, or 1.13 times that in Croatia.
% of GDP · IMF
What the numbers say
- Montenegro has been higher since 2024, when it overtook Croatia.
- In 2025, Croatia ranked 66 and Montenegro ranked 50 of 149 countries, counting from the highest.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Croatia at 57.8% of GDP and Montenegro at 64.9% of GDP in 2031.
Every year
% of GDP · IMF
| Year | Croatia | Montenegro |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 56.3 | 63.5 |
| 2024 | 57.4 | 59.8 |
| 2023 | 61 | 58.4 |
| 2022 | 68.6 | 69 |
| 2021 | 78.2 | 84.6 |
| 2020 | 86.5 | 106.4 |
| 2019 | 70.9 | 77.4 |
| 2018 | 72.9 | 71 |
| 2017 | 76.2 | 64.9 |
| 2016 | 79.3 | 64.7 |
| 2015 | 82.8 | 67.4 |
| 2014 | 83.2 | 60.1 |
| 2013 | 79.5 | 55.7 |
| 2012 | 68.9 | 53.6 |
| 2011 | 63.2 | 45.9 |
| 2010 | 56.8 | 42 |
| 2009 | 47.9 | 40.7 |
| 2008 | 38.9 | 31.2 |
| 2007 | 37.1 | 28.3 |
| 2006 | 38.4 | 32.4 |
| 2005 | 40.9 | 38.6 |
| 2004 | 40 | 45.4 |
| 2003 | 37.8 | 48.7 |
| 2002 | 36.5 | 85.7 |
| 2001 | 36.6 | – |
| 2000 | 35.4 | – |
| 1999 | 30 | – |
| 1998 | 23.3 | – |
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | Croatia | Montenegro |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 56.3 | 66.8 |
| 2027 | 56.6 | 61.1 |
| 2028 | 56.7 | 61.8 |
| 2029 | 57.3 | 62.5 |
| 2030 | 57.5 | 63.7 |
| 2031 | 57.8 | 64.9 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Croatia vs Montenegro
Health
- Life expectancyCroatia: 78.6 years in 2023Montenegro: 77.1 years in 2023
- Child mortalityCroatia: 0.6 per 100 live births in 2024Montenegro: 0.2 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityCroatia: 3.5 per 1,000 live births in 2023Montenegro: 1.7 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterCroatia: 85.4% in 2007Montenegro: 85.1% in 2022
- DepressionCroatia: 2.78% in 2017Montenegro: 2.56% in 2017
- Suicide rateCroatia: 11.1 per 100,000 people in 2017Montenegro: 9.4 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationCroatia: 3.9 million people in 2023Montenegro: 633,600 people in 2023
- Population growthCroatia: -0.34% a year in 2023Montenegro: 1.86% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateCroatia: 1.47 births per woman in 2023Montenegro: 1.8 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationCroatia: 57.8% in 2025Montenegro: 65.6% in 2025
- Median ageCroatia: 44.8 years in 2023Montenegro: 39.3 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overCroatia: 22.8% in 2023Montenegro: 17.5% in 2023
- Net migration rateCroatia: 2.6 per 1,000 people in 2023Montenegro: 18.9 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingCroatia: 2.02% of GDP in 2025Montenegro: 1.89% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsCroatia: $1.93B in 2025Montenegro: $163M in 2025
- Military spending per personCroatia: $544 in 2025Montenegro: $277 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingCroatia: 4.1% of government spending in 2025Montenegro: 4.4% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelCroatia: 20,000 people in 2020Montenegro: 12,000 people in 2020
- National powerCroatia: 0.05% of world capability in 2022Montenegro: 0.01% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersCroatia: 1.17% of the labour force in 2020Montenegro: 4.66% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsCroatia: 141 million TIV in 2025Montenegro: 1 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsCroatia: 53 million TIV in 2024Montenegro: 4 million TIV in 2022