Compare
Czechia vs Poland
How Czechia and Poland compare on 38 measures, from 1789 to 2025. The main differences:
- Life expectancy · In 2023, Czechia was higher: 79.8 years against 78.6 years
- GDP per person · In 2025, Czechia was higher: $21,010 against $18,710
- Population · In 2023, Poland was higher: 38.8 million people against 10.8 million people
- Military spending · In 2025, Poland was higher: 4.5% of GDP against 1.84% of GDP
- CO₂ per person · In 2024, Poland was higher: 7.55 tonnes against 7.13 tonnes
Every measure
Health
- Life expectancyCzechia: 79.8 years in 2023Poland: 78.6 years in 2023
- Child mortalityCzechia: 0.3 per 100 live births in 2024Poland: 0.4 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityCzechia: 2.2 per 1,000 live births in 2023Poland: 3.2 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterCzechia: 97.9% in 2022Poland: 88.9% in 2022
- DepressionCzechia: 2.68% in 2017Poland: 2.25% in 2017
- Suicide rateCzechia: 10.8 per 100,000 people in 2017Poland: 14 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationCzechia: 10.8 million people in 2023Poland: 38.8 million people in 2023
- Population growthCzechia: -0.34% a year in 2023Poland: -0.26% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateCzechia: 1.45 births per woman in 2023Poland: 1.3 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationCzechia: 72.9% in 2025Poland: 60.1% in 2025
- Median ageCzechia: 42.7 years in 2023Poland: 41.3 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overCzechia: 20.6% in 2023Poland: 19.6% in 2023
- Net migration rateCzechia: -1.4 per 1,000 people in 2023Poland: -0.2 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingCzechia: 1.84% of GDP in 2025Poland: 4.5% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsCzechia: $6.49B in 2025Poland: $42.5B in 2025
- Military spending per personCzechia: $660 in 2025Poland: $1,219 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingCzechia: 4.2% of government spending in 2025Poland: 9% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelCzechia: 27,000 people in 2020Poland: 189,000 people in 2020
- National powerCzechia: 0.16% of world capability in 2022Poland: 0.52% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersCzechia: 0.51% of the labour force in 2020Poland: 1.04% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsCzechia: 19 million TIV in 2025Poland: 2.17 billion TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsCzechia: 137 million TIV in 2025Poland: 59 million TIV in 2025
Climate
Technology and environment
Each country on its own
Good to know
- Sources: UN, Gapminder and UN IGME, WHO/UNICEF, IHME, World Bank, IMF, Our World in Data, V-Dem, UCDP, SIPRI, IISS, Correlates of War, ERA5, CMIP6, EDGAR, ITU and FAO. Each measure’s page names its own and what it counts.
- Values are drawn on today’s borders. Years without a published value are left empty, never filled in.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time