Egypt vs Türkiye
Egypt vs Türkiye: Population
Population in 2023: 115 million people in Egypt and 87.3 million people in Türkiye, by UN estimates. In 2023 the value was higher in Egypt, by 27.2 million people, or 1.31 times that in Türkiye.
people · UN
What the numbers say
- Egypt has been higher since 1985, when it overtook Türkiye.
- In 2023, Egypt ranked 14 and Türkiye ranked 18 of 229 countries, counting from the highest.
- The UN projection (medium variant) puts Egypt at 202 million people and Türkiye at 65.3 million people in 2100.
- The world as a whole: 8.09 billion people in 2023.
Every year
people · UN
| Year | Egypt | Türkiye | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 115 million | 87.3 million | 8.09 billion |
| 2022 | 113 million | 87.1 million | 8.02 billion |
| 2021 | 111 million | 86.7 million | 7.95 billion |
| 2020 | 109 million | 86.1 million | 7.89 billion |
| 2019 | 108 million | 85.4 million | 7.81 billion |
| 2018 | 106 million | 84.4 million | 7.73 billion |
| 2017 | 104 million | 83.1 million | 7.65 billion |
| 2016 | 102 million | 81.7 million | 7.56 billion |
| 2015 | 99.6 million | 80 million | 7.47 billion |
| 2014 | 97.5 million | 78 million | 7.38 billion |
| 2013 | 95.3 million | 76.4 million | 7.29 billion |
| 2012 | 93.2 million | 75.2 million | 7.2 billion |
| 2011 | 91.1 million | 74.2 million | 7.11 billion |
| 2010 | 89.2 million | 73.4 million | 7.02 billion |
| 2009 | 87.5 million | 72.5 million | 6.93 billion |
| 2008 | 85.9 million | 71.6 million | 6.84 billion |
| 2007 | 84.3 million | 70.8 million | 6.76 billion |
| 2006 | 82.7 million | 70.1 million | 6.67 billion |
| 2005 | 81.1 million | 69.3 million | 6.59 billion |
| 2004 | 79.5 million | 68.6 million | 6.5 billion |
| 2003 | 77.9 million | 67.8 million | 6.42 billion |
| 2002 | 76.2 million | 67.1 million | 6.34 billion |
| 2001 | 74.7 million | 66.3 million | 6.26 billion |
| 2000 | 73.1 million | 65.4 million | 6.17 billion |
| 1999 | 71.5 million | 64.6 million | 6.09 billion |
| 1998 | 69.9 million | 63.7 million | 6.01 billion |
| 1997 | 68.4 million | 62.9 million | 5.93 billion |
| 1996 | 67 million | 62 million | 5.84 billion |
| 1995 | 65.7 million | 61 million | 5.76 billion |
| 1994 | 64.3 million | 60 million | 5.68 billion |
| 1993 | 62.9 million | 59 million | 5.59 billion |
| 1992 | 61.5 million | 58 million | 5.51 billion |
| 1991 | 60 million | 57 million | 5.42 billion |
| 1990 | 58.4 million | 56 million | 5.33 billion |
| 1989 | 56.7 million | 55 million | 5.23 billion |
| 1988 | 55.2 million | 53.9 million | 5.14 billion |
| 1987 | 53.7 million | 52.8 million | 5.05 billion |
| 1986 | 52.2 million | 51.8 million | 4.96 billion |
| 1985 | 50.7 million | 50.7 million | 4.87 billion |
| 1984 | 49.3 million | 49.6 million | 4.78 billion |
| 1983 | 47.8 million | 48.5 million | 4.7 billion |
| 1982 | 46.4 million | 47.3 million | 4.61 billion |
| 1981 | 45.2 million | 46.3 million | 4.53 billion |
| 1980 | 44 million | 45.4 million | 4.45 billion |
| 1979 | 42.8 million | 44.5 million | 4.37 billion |
| 1978 | 41.8 million | 43.7 million | 4.29 billion |
| 1977 | 40.8 million | 42.8 million | 4.22 billion |
| 1976 | 39.8 million | 41.9 million | 4.14 billion |
| 1975 | 38.9 million | 41.1 million | 4.07 billion |
| 1974 | 38 million | 40.2 million | 4 billion |
| 1973 | 37.1 million | 39.3 million | 3.92 billion |
| 1972 | 36.3 million | 38.4 million | 3.85 billion |
| 1971 | 35.4 million | 37.5 million | 3.77 billion |
| 1970 | 34.6 million | 36.6 million | 3.7 billion |
| 1969 | 33.8 million | 35.8 million | 3.62 billion |
| 1968 | 33 million | 34.9 million | 3.55 billion |
| 1967 | 32.2 million | 34.1 million | 3.47 billion |
| 1966 | 31.4 million | 33.2 million | 3.4 billion |
| 1965 | 30.6 million | 32.4 million | 3.34 billion |
| 1964 | 29.9 million | 31.5 million | 3.26 billion |
| 1963 | 29.1 million | 30.7 million | 3.19 billion |
| 1962 | 28.3 million | 29.9 million | 3.12 billion |
| 1961 | 27.6 million | 29.1 million | 3.07 billion |
| 1960 | 26.9 million | 28.3 million | 3.02 billion |
| 1959 | 26.2 million | 27.5 million | 2.97 billion |
| 1958 | 25.6 million | 26.7 million | 2.91 billion |
| 1957 | 25 million | 25.9 million | 2.85 billion |
| 1956 | 24.4 million | 25.1 million | 2.8 billion |
| 1955 | 23.8 million | 24.3 million | 2.74 billion |
| 1954 | 23.2 million | 23.6 million | 2.69 billion |
| 1953 | 22.6 million | 23 million | 2.63 billion |
| 1952 | 22.1 million | 22.3 million | 2.58 billion |
| 1951 | 21.6 million | 21.6 million | 2.54 billion |
| 1950 | 21.2 million | 21 million | 2.49 billion |
| 1949 | 20.6 million | 20.5 million | – |
| 1948 | 20.1 million | 20.1 million | – |
| 1947 | 19.6 million | 19.8 million | – |
| 1946 | 19.1 million | 19.5 million | – |
| 1945 | 18.6 million | 19.1 million | – |
| 1944 | 18.1 million | 18.8 million | – |
| 1943 | 17.6 million | 18.5 million | – |
| 1942 | 17.2 million | 18.2 million | – |
| 1941 | 16.8 million | 17.9 million | – |
| 1940 | 16.4 million | 17.6 million | – |
| 1939 | 16.1 million | 17.3 million | – |
| 1938 | 15.9 million | 17 million | – |
| 1937 | 15.7 million | 16.7 million | – |
| 1936 | 15.4 million | 16.4 million | – |
| 1935 | 15.2 million | 16.1 million | – |
| 1934 | 15 million | 15.8 million | – |
| 1933 | 14.8 million | 15.5 million | – |
| 1932 | 14.6 million | 15.3 million | – |
| 1931 | 14.4 million | 15 million | – |
| 1930 | 14.3 million | 14.8 million | – |
| 1929 | 14.1 million | 14.6 million | – |
| 1928 | 13.9 million | 14.5 million | – |
| 1927 | 13.8 million | 14.4 million | – |
| 1926 | 13.6 million | 14.3 million | – |
| 1925 | 13.5 million | 14.2 million | – |
| 1924 | 13.3 million | 14.1 million | – |
| 1923 | 13.2 million | 14 million | – |
| 1922 | 13 million | 13.9 million | – |
| 1921 | 12.9 million | 13.8 million | – |
| 1920 | 12.7 million | 13.8 million | – |
| 1919 | 12.6 million | 13.8 million | – |
| 1918 | 12.4 million | 13.9 million | – |
| 1917 | 12.3 million | 14 million | – |
| 1916 | 12.2 million | 14.1 million | – |
| 1915 | 12 million | 14.2 million | – |
| 1914 | 11.9 million | 14.3 million | – |
| 1913 | 11.8 million | 14.5 million | – |
| 1912 | 11.6 million | 14.6 million | – |
| 1911 | 11.5 million | 14.7 million | – |
| 1910 | 11.4 million | 14.7 million | – |
| 1909 | 11.2 million | 14.7 million | – |
| 1908 | 11.1 million | 14.6 million | – |
| 1907 | 10.9 million | 14.6 million | – |
| 1906 | 10.8 million | 14.5 million | – |
| 1905 | 10.6 million | 14.4 million | – |
| 1904 | 10.5 million | 14.3 million | – |
| 1903 | 10.4 million | 14.2 million | – |
| 1902 | 10.2 million | 14.1 million | – |
| 1901 | 10.1 million | 14.1 million | – |
| 1900 | 9.94 million | 14 million | – |
| 1899 | 9.8 million | 13.9 million | – |
| 1898 | 9.67 million | 13.8 million | – |
| 1897 | 9.53 million | 13.7 million | – |
| 1896 | 9.4 million | 13.7 million | – |
| 1895 | 9.27 million | 13.6 million | – |
| 1894 | 9.14 million | 13.5 million | – |
| 1893 | 9.01 million | 13.4 million | – |
| 1892 | 8.89 million | 13.3 million | – |
| 1891 | 8.76 million | 13.3 million | – |
| 1890 | 8.64 million | 13.2 million | – |
| 1889 | 8.53 million | 13.1 million | – |
| 1888 | 8.42 million | 13 million | – |
| 1887 | 8.31 million | 13 million | – |
| 1886 | 8.2 million | 12.9 million | – |
| 1885 | 8.09 million | 12.8 million | – |
| 1884 | 7.99 million | 12.7 million | – |
| 1883 | 7.88 million | 12.7 million | – |
| 1882 | 7.78 million | 12.6 million | – |
| 1881 | 7.68 million | 12.5 million | – |
| 1880 | 7.6 million | 12.4 million | – |
| 1879 | 7.51 million | 12.4 million | – |
| 1878 | 7.44 million | 12.3 million | – |
| 1877 | 7.36 million | 12.2 million | – |
| 1876 | 7.29 million | 12.2 million | – |
| 1875 | 7.22 million | 12.1 million | – |
| 1874 | 7.16 million | 12 million | – |
| 1873 | 7.09 million | 12 million | – |
| 1872 | 7.02 million | 11.9 million | – |
| 1871 | 6.95 million | 11.8 million | – |
| 1870 | 6.89 million | 11.8 million | – |
| 1869 | 6.82 million | 11.7 million | – |
| 1868 | 6.76 million | 11.7 million | – |
| 1867 | 6.69 million | 11.6 million | – |
| 1866 | 6.63 million | 11.6 million | – |
| 1865 | 6.56 million | 11.6 million | – |
| 1864 | 6.5 million | 11.5 million | – |
| 1863 | 6.44 million | 11.5 million | – |
| 1862 | 6.38 million | 11.5 million | – |
| 1861 | 6.32 million | 11.4 million | – |
| 1860 | 6.26 million | 11.4 million | – |
| 1859 | 6.2 million | 11.4 million | – |
| 1858 | 6.14 million | 11.3 million | – |
| 1857 | 6.08 million | 11.3 million | – |
| 1856 | 6.02 million | 11.3 million | – |
| 1855 | 5.96 million | 11.2 million | – |
| 1854 | 5.91 million | 11.2 million | – |
| 1853 | 5.85 million | 11.2 million | – |
| 1852 | 5.79 million | 11.1 million | – |
| 1851 | 5.72 million | 11.1 million | – |
| 1850 | 5.64 million | 11.1 million | – |
| 1849 | 5.54 million | 11 million | – |
| 1848 | 5.42 million | 11 million | – |
| 1847 | 5.29 million | 11 million | – |
| 1846 | 5.17 million | 10.9 million | – |
| 1845 | 5.05 million | 10.9 million | – |
| 1844 | 4.93 million | 10.9 million | – |
| 1843 | 4.81 million | 10.8 million | – |
| 1842 | 4.7 million | 10.8 million | – |
| 1841 | 4.61 million | 10.8 million | – |
| 1840 | 4.53 million | 10.7 million | – |
| 1839 | 4.48 million | 10.7 million | – |
| 1838 | 4.45 million | 10.7 million | – |
| 1837 | 4.43 million | 10.6 million | – |
| 1836 | 4.42 million | 10.6 million | – |
| 1835 | 4.4 million | 10.6 million | – |
| 1834 | 4.39 million | 10.5 million | – |
| 1833 | 4.38 million | 10.5 million | – |
| 1832 | 4.36 million | 10.5 million | – |
| 1831 | 4.35 million | 10.4 million | – |
| 1830 | 4.33 million | 10.4 million | – |
| 1829 | 4.32 million | 10.4 million | – |
| 1828 | 4.31 million | 10.3 million | – |
| 1827 | 4.29 million | 10.3 million | – |
| 1826 | 4.28 million | 10.3 million | – |
| 1825 | 4.26 million | 10.2 million | – |
| 1824 | 4.25 million | 10.2 million | – |
| 1823 | 4.24 million | 10.2 million | – |
| 1822 | 4.22 million | 10.1 million | – |
| 1821 | 4.2 million | 10.1 million | – |
| 1820 | 4.18 million | 10.1 million | – |
| 1819 | 4.15 million | 10.1 million | – |
| 1818 | 4.12 million | 10.1 million | – |
| 1817 | 4.08 million | 10 million | – |
| 1816 | 4.05 million | 10 million | – |
| 1815 | 4.01 million | 10 million | – |
| 1814 | 3.97 million | 9.98 million | – |
| 1813 | 3.94 million | 9.96 million | – |
| 1812 | 3.9 million | 9.94 million | – |
| 1811 | 3.87 million | 9.93 million | – |
| 1810 | 3.83 million | 9.91 million | – |
| 1809 | 3.8 million | 9.9 million | – |
| 1808 | 3.76 million | 9.88 million | – |
| 1807 | 3.73 million | 9.87 million | – |
| 1806 | 3.7 million | 9.85 million | – |
| 1805 | 3.66 million | 9.84 million | – |
| 1804 | 3.63 million | 9.82 million | – |
| 1803 | 3.6 million | 9.81 million | – |
| 1802 | 3.56 million | 9.79 million | – |
| 1801 | 3.53 million | 9.78 million | – |
| 1800 | 3.5 million | 9.76 million | – |
- 12.3Estimates, HYDE and Gapminder
UN projection (medium variant) · 2024–2100
| Year | Egypt | Türkiye | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 117 million116 million–117 million | 87.5 million87.3 million–87.7 million | 8.16 billion |
| 2025 | 118 million117 million–119 million | 87.7 million87 million–88.3 million | 8.23 billion |
| 2026 | 120 million119 million–122 million | 87.9 million86.8 million–89 million | 8.3 billion |
| 2027 | 122 million120 million–124 million | 88.2 million86.6 million–89.8 million | 8.37 billion |
| 2028 | 124 million121 million–126 million | 88.5 million86.3 million–90.6 million | 8.44 billion |
| 2029 | 125 million122 million–129 million | 88.8 million86 million–91.4 million | 8.5 billion |
| 2030 | 127 million124 million–132 million | 89 million85.7 million–92.3 million | 8.57 billion |
| 2031 | 129 million125 million–134 million | 89.3 million85.4 million–93.2 million | 8.63 billion |
| 2032 | 131 million126 million–137 million | 89.5 million85 million–94.1 million | 8.7 billion |
| 2033 | 133 million127 million–139 million | 89.8 million84.6 million–95 million | 8.76 billion |
| 2034 | 134 million128 million–142 million | 90 million84.1 million–96 million | 8.82 billion |
| 2035 | 136 million129 million–145 million | 90.2 million83.6 million–97 million | 8.89 billion |
| 2036 | 138 million130 million–147 million | 90.4 million83.1 million–97.9 million | 8.95 billion |
| 2037 | 140 million131 million–150 million | 90.6 million82.8 million–98.7 million | 9.01 billion |
| 2038 | 142 million132 million–153 million | 90.7 million82.4 million–99.5 million | 9.06 billion |
| 2039 | 143 million133 million–156 million | 90.9 million82 million–100 million | 9.12 billion |
| 2040 | 145 million134 million–158 million | 91 million81.5 million–101 million | 9.18 billion |
| 2041 | 147 million135 million–161 million | 91.1 million80.8 million–102 million | 9.23 billion |
| 2042 | 149 million136 million–164 million | 91.2 million80.2 million–103 million | 9.29 billion |
| 2043 | 151 million137 million–167 million | 91.3 million79.5 million–104 million | 9.34 billion |
| 2044 | 152 million138 million–169 million | 91.4 million78.7 million–104 million | 9.39 billion |
| 2045 | 154 million138 million–172 million | 91.4 million78 million–105 million | 9.44 billion |
| 2046 | 156 million139 million–175 million | 91.4 million77.2 million–106 million | 9.49 billion |
| 2047 | 157 million140 million–178 million | 91.4 million76.4 million–106 million | 9.54 billion |
| 2048 | 159 million140 million–180 million | 91.4 million75.7 million–107 million | 9.58 billion |
| 2049 | 160 million141 million–183 million | 91.4 million75 million–108 million | 9.62 billion |
| 2050 | 162 million142 million–186 million | 91.3 million74.1 million–108 million | 9.66 billion |
| 2051 | 163 million142 million–189 million | 91.1 million73.4 million–109 million | 9.7 billion |
| 2052 | 165 million143 million–192 million | 91 million72.7 million–109 million | 9.74 billion |
| 2053 | 166 million143 million–194 million | 90.8 million71.9 million–110 million | 9.78 billion |
| 2054 | 167 million144 million–197 million | 90.6 million70.7 million–110 million | 9.81 billion |
| 2055 | 169 million144 million–200 million | 90.4 million69.7 million–111 million | 9.85 billion |
| 2056 | 170 million144 million–203 million | 90.2 million68.8 million–111 million | 9.88 billion |
| 2057 | 171 million145 million–206 million | 89.9 million67.9 million–112 million | 9.91 billion |
| 2058 | 172 million145 million–209 million | 89.6 million67.1 million–112 million | 9.94 billion |
| 2059 | 174 million145 million–212 million | 89.2 million66 million–113 million | 9.96 billion |
| 2060 | 175 million145 million–215 million | 88.9 million64.9 million–114 million | 9.99 billion |
| 2061 | 176 million145 million–218 million | 88.5 million63.8 million–114 million | 10 billion |
| 2062 | 177 million145 million–222 million | 88.1 million62.8 million–115 million | 10 billion |
| 2063 | 178 million146 million–225 million | 87.7 million61.8 million–115 million | 10.1 billion |
| 2064 | 180 million146 million–228 million | 87.2 million61 million–115 million | 10.1 billion |
| 2065 | 181 million146 million–231 million | 86.8 million60.2 million–115 million | 10.1 billion |
| 2066 | 182 million145 million–234 million | 86.3 million59.3 million–116 million | 10.1 billion |
| 2067 | 183 million145 million–237 million | 85.9 million58.4 million–116 million | 10.1 billion |
| 2068 | 184 million145 million–240 million | 85.4 million57.1 million–117 million | 10.2 billion |
| 2069 | 185 million145 million–244 million | 84.9 million56 million–117 million | 10.2 billion |
| 2070 | 186 million144 million–247 million | 84.4 million54.9 million–118 million | 10.2 billion |
| 2071 | 187 million144 million–251 million | 83.8 million53.6 million–118 million | 10.2 billion |
| 2072 | 188 million144 million–255 million | 83.3 million52.4 million–118 million | 10.2 billion |
| 2073 | 189 million144 million–258 million | 82.7 million51.3 million–119 million | 10.2 billion |
| 2074 | 190 million144 million–262 million | 82.2 million50.2 million–119 million | 10.2 billion |
| 2075 | 191 million143 million–265 million | 81.6 million49 million–119 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2076 | 191 million143 million–268 million | 81 million47.5 million–119 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2077 | 192 million142 million–272 million | 80.4 million46.3 million–119 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2078 | 193 million141 million–275 million | 79.8 million45.3 million–120 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2079 | 194 million141 million–278 million | 79.2 million44.5 million–121 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2080 | 194 million140 million–281 million | 78.6 million43.5 million–121 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2081 | 195 million140 million–284 million | 77.9 million42.4 million–121 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2082 | 196 million139 million–286 million | 77.3 million41.3 million–121 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2083 | 196 million139 million–289 million | 76.7 million40.1 million–121 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2084 | 197 million138 million–293 million | 76 million39.1 million–121 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2085 | 197 million137 million–296 million | 75.4 million38.2 million–121 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2086 | 198 million136 million–299 million | 74.7 million37.2 million–122 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2087 | 198 million136 million–303 million | 74 million36.1 million–122 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2088 | 199 million135 million–308 million | 73.4 million35 million–122 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2089 | 199 million134 million–313 million | 72.7 million34.1 million–122 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2090 | 200 million133 million–316 million | 72 million33.3 million–123 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2091 | 200 million132 million–319 million | 71.3 million32.6 million–123 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2092 | 200 million131 million–323 million | 70.7 million31.8 million–123 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2093 | 201 million130 million–326 million | 70 million30.8 million–124 million | 10.3 billion |
| 2094 | 201 million129 million–330 million | 69.3 million30 million–124 million | 10.2 billion |
| 2095 | 201 million128 million–332 million | 68.7 million29.2 million–125 million | 10.2 billion |
| 2096 | 201 million127 million–335 million | 68 million28.3 million–125 million | 10.2 billion |
| 2097 | 202 million126 million–339 million | 67.3 million27.5 million–125 million | 10.2 billion |
| 2098 | 202 million125 million–341 million | 66.7 million26.8 million–126 million | 10.2 billion |
| 2099 | 202 million124 million–344 million | 66 million26.2 million–126 million | 10.2 billion |
| 2100 | 202 million123 million–347 million | 65.3 million25.6 million–125 million | 10.2 billion |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- Everyone living in the country on 1 July of each year.
- Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024.
- Before 1950: HYDE (2023), Gapminder (2022) and UN WPP (2024), via Our World in Data.
- The dashed line is the UN projection (medium variant), a scenario rather than a forecast; the band is its 95% prediction interval.
- Ranks count the 229 countries with a value in 2023, highest first.
- The faint line is the world as a whole, as the same source counts it.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Egypt vs Türkiye
Health
- Life expectancyEgypt: 71.6 years in 2023Türkiye: 77.2 years in 2023
- Child mortalityEgypt: 2.2 per 100 live births in 2024Türkiye: 1 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityEgypt: 14.6 per 1,000 live births in 2023Türkiye: 9.2 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionEgypt: 3.24% in 2017Türkiye: 3.72% in 2017
- Suicide rateEgypt: 5.5 per 100,000 people in 2017Türkiye: 3.3 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- Population growthEgypt: 1.82% a year in 2023Türkiye: 0.23% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateEgypt: 2.75 births per woman in 2023Türkiye: 1.63 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationEgypt: 42.9% in 2025Türkiye: 89.5% in 2025
- Median ageEgypt: 24 years in 2023Türkiye: 32.5 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overEgypt: 5% in 2023Türkiye: 10% in 2023
- Net migration rateEgypt: 2.7 per 1,000 people in 2023Türkiye: -3.6 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingEgypt: 0.61% of GDP in 2025Türkiye: 1.91% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsEgypt: $2.26B in 2025Türkiye: $26.8B in 2025
- Military spending per personEgypt: $21 in 2025Türkiye: $342 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingEgypt: 2.5% of government spending in 2025Türkiye: 5.9% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelEgypt: 836,000 people in 2020Türkiye: 512,000 people in 2020
- National powerEgypt: 1.18% of world capability in 2022Türkiye: 1.25% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersEgypt: 2.76% of the labour force in 2020Türkiye: 1.61% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsEgypt: 697 million TIV in 2025Türkiye: 381 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsEgypt: 2 million TIV in 2024Türkiye: 539 million TIV in 2025