Compare
Germany vs Poland
How Germany and Poland compare on 38 measures, from 1789 to 2025. The main differences:
- Life expectancy · In 2023, Germany was higher: 81.4 years against 78.6 years
- GDP per person · In 2025, Germany was higher: $44,150 against $18,710
- Population · In 2023, Germany was higher: 84.6 million people against 38.8 million people
- Military spending · In 2025, Poland was higher: 4.5% of GDP against 2.27% of GDP
- CO₂ per person · In 2024, Poland was higher: 7.55 tonnes against 6.94 tonnes
Every measure
Health
- Life expectancyGermany: 81.4 years in 2023Poland: 78.6 years in 2023
- Child mortalityGermany: 0.4 per 100 live births in 2024Poland: 0.4 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityGermany: 3 per 1,000 live births in 2023Poland: 3.2 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterGermany: 99.9% in 2022Poland: 88.9% in 2022
- DepressionGermany: 3.96% in 2017Poland: 2.25% in 2017
- Suicide rateGermany: 9.9 per 100,000 people in 2017Poland: 14 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationGermany: 84.6 million people in 2023Poland: 38.8 million people in 2023
- Population growthGermany: 0.35% a year in 2023Poland: -0.26% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateGermany: 1.44 births per woman in 2023Poland: 1.3 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationGermany: 82.1% in 2025Poland: 60.1% in 2025
- Median ageGermany: 45.2 years in 2023Poland: 41.3 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overGermany: 22.8% in 2023Poland: 19.6% in 2023
- Net migration rateGermany: 7.2 per 1,000 people in 2023Poland: -0.2 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingGermany: 2.27% of GDP in 2025Poland: 4.5% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsGermany: $107B in 2025Poland: $42.5B in 2025
- Military spending per personGermany: $1,346 in 2025Poland: $1,219 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingGermany: 4.5% of government spending in 2025Poland: 9% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelGermany: 183,000 people in 2020Poland: 189,000 people in 2020
- National powerGermany: 1.5% of world capability in 2022Poland: 0.52% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersGermany: 0.42% of the labour force in 2020Poland: 1.04% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsGermany: 1.63 billion TIV in 2025Poland: 2.17 billion TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsGermany: 1.7 billion TIV in 2025Poland: 59 million TIV in 2025
Climate
Technology and environment
Each country on its own
Good to know
- Sources: UN, Gapminder and UN IGME, WHO/UNICEF, IHME, World Bank, IMF, Our World in Data, V-Dem, UCDP, SIPRI, IISS, Correlates of War, ERA5, CMIP6, EDGAR, ITU and FAO. Each measure’s page names its own and what it counts.
- Values are drawn on today’s borders. Years without a published value are left empty, never filled in.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time