Jordan vs Saudi Arabia
Jordan vs Saudi Arabia: Government debt
Government debt in 2025: 83.6% of GDP in Jordan and 31.8% of GDP in Saudi Arabia, by IMF estimates. In 2025 the value was higher in Jordan, by 51.8 percentage points, or 2.63 times that in Saudi Arabia.
% of GDP · IMF
What the numbers say
- Jordan has been higher since 2004, when it overtook Saudi Arabia.
- In 2025, Jordan ranked 29 and Saudi Arabia ranked 122 of 149 countries, counting from the highest.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Jordan at 75.7% of GDP and Saudi Arabia at 48.7% of GDP in 2031.
Every year
% of GDP · IMF
| Year | Jordan | Saudi Arabia |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 83.6 | 31.8 |
| 2024 | 82.1 | 25.9 |
| 2023 | 81 | 23 |
| 2022 | 80.7 | 21.3 |
| 2021 | 79.9 | 25.5 |
| 2020 | 77.9 | 29.7 |
| 2019 | 69.4 | 20.3 |
| 2018 | 67.9 | 16.8 |
| 2017 | 69.1 | 16 |
| 2016 | 70.7 | 12.3 |
| 2015 | 71.4 | 5.5 |
| 2014 | 68.2 | 1.5 |
| 2013 | 68.8 | 2.1 |
| 2012 | 64 | 3 |
| 2011 | 56.1 | 5.3 |
| 2010 | 53.4 | 8.4 |
| 2009 | 51.8 | 14 |
| 2008 | 47.9 | 12.1 |
| 2007 | 58.2 | 17.1 |
| 2006 | 60 | 25.8 |
| 2005 | 66.1 | 37.3 |
| 2004 | 73.8 | 62.9 |
| 2003 | 80.4 | 81.6 |
| 2002 | 85.9 | 96.4 |
| 2001 | 85.5 | 93.2 |
| 2000 | 89.9 | 86.7 |
| 1999 | 98.7 | 103 |
| 1998 | 96.3 | 101.5 |
| 1997 | 94.7 | 76.7 |
| 1996 | 101.2 | 75.2 |
| 1995 | 102.4 | 74.3 |
| 1994 | 112.1 | 67.9 |
| 1993 | 122.2 | 58.6 |
| 1992 | 134.7 | 47.8 |
| 1991 | 180.5 | 39.4 |
| 1990 | 197.7 | – |
| 1989 | 190.3 | – |
| 1988 | 159.7 | – |
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | Jordan | Saudi Arabia |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 82.5 | 35.4 |
| 2027 | 81.4 | 37.3 |
| 2028 | 79.9 | 40.2 |
| 2029 | 78.4 | 43.1 |
| 2030 | 76.9 | 45.9 |
| 2031 | 75.7 | 48.7 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Jordan vs Saudi Arabia
Health
- Life expectancyJordan: 77.8 years in 2023Saudi Arabia: 78.7 years in 2023
- Child mortalityJordan: 1.3 per 100 live births in 2024Saudi Arabia: 0.6 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityJordan: 11.8 per 1,000 live births in 2023Saudi Arabia: 5.1 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionJordan: 3.56% in 2017Saudi Arabia: 3.54% in 2017
- Suicide rateJordan: 3.2 per 100,000 people in 2017Saudi Arabia: 2.9 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationJordan: 11.4 million people in 2023Saudi Arabia: 33.3 million people in 2023
- Population growthJordan: 1.6% a year in 2023Saudi Arabia: 2.39% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateJordan: 2.64 births per woman in 2023Saudi Arabia: 2.28 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationJordan: 93.2% in 2025Saudi Arabia: 84.6% in 2025
- Median ageJordan: 24.3 years in 2023Saudi Arabia: 29.3 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overJordan: 4.3% in 2023Saudi Arabia: 2.8% in 2023
- Net migration rateJordan: -1.5 per 1,000 people in 2023Saudi Arabia: 9.8 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingJordan: 4.56% of GDP in 2025Saudi Arabia: 6.48% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsJordan: $2.5B in 2025Saudi Arabia: $81.5B in 2025
- Military spending per personJordan: $221 in 2025Saudi Arabia: $2,428 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingJordan: 13.5% of government spending in 2025Saudi Arabia: 23.5% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelJordan: 116,000 people in 2020Saudi Arabia: 282,000 people in 2020
- National powerJordan: 0.17% of world capability in 2022Saudi Arabia: 1.34% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersJordan: 3.98% of the labour force in 2020Saudi Arabia: 1.92% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsJordan: 34 million TIV in 2024Saudi Arabia: 3.04 billion TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsJordan: 226 million TIV in 2024Saudi Arabia: 3 million TIV in 2023