Madagascar vs Sudan
Madagascar vs Sudan: Government debt
Government debt: 47.8% of GDP in Madagascar in 2025 and 191.3% of GDP in Sudan in 2021, by IMF estimates. In 2021 the value was higher in Sudan, by 141.9 percentage points, or 3.87 times that in Madagascar.
% of GDP · IMF
What the numbers say
- Sudan has been higher in every year both have figures for since 1992.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Madagascar at 49.7% of GDP and Sudan at 192.2% of GDP in 2031.
Every year
% of GDP · IMF
| Year | Madagascar | Sudan |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 47.8 | 204.4 |
| 2024 | 49.8 | 282.3 |
| 2023 | 52.2 | 286.9 |
| 2022 | 49.8 | 189 |
| 2021 | 49.4 | 191.3 |
| 2020 | 52.9 | 278.8 |
| 2019 | 41.3 | 216.5 |
| 2018 | 42.9 | 209.8 |
| 2017 | 40.1 | 149.5 |
| 2016 | 40.3 | 109.9 |
| 2015 | 44.1 | 93.2 |
| 2014 | 37.9 | 84.4 |
| 2013 | 36.2 | 105.8 |
| 2012 | 30.4 | 117.7 |
| 2011 | 30 | 78.1 |
| 2010 | 32.3 | 74.6 |
| 2009 | 34.9 | 71 |
| 2008 | 31 | 55.8 |
| 2007 | 28.2 | 53.7 |
| 2006 | 32.2 | 63.7 |
| 2005 | 74.4 | 75.5 |
| 2004 | 81.9 | 97.8 |
| 2003 | 85.9 | 117.4 |
| 2002 | 86.7 | 121.7 |
| 2001 | 82.1 | 125.6 |
| 2000 | 90.2 | 143.2 |
| 1999 | 104.1 | 160.5 |
| 1998 | 108.5 | 179.7 |
| 1997 | 89.7 | 167.7 |
| 1996 | 98.7 | 220.9 |
| 1995 | 95.8 | 239 |
| 1994 | 96 | 386.5 |
| 1993 | 105.2 | 285.9 |
| 1992 | 110.9 | 495.2 |
| 1991 | 113.8 | – |
| 1990 | 92.7 | – |
- 12.3Projected
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | Madagascar | Sudan |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 49.8 | 334.4 |
| 2027 | 50.6 | 274.1 |
| 2028 | 50.9 | 235.5 |
| 2029 | 50.9 | 225.2 |
| 2030 | 49.9 | 212 |
| 2031 | 49.7 | 192.2 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Madagascar vs Sudan
Health
- Life expectancyMadagascar: 63.6 years in 2023Sudan: 66.3 years in 2023
- Child mortalityMadagascar: 6.2 per 100 live births in 2024Sudan: 6.2 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityMadagascar: 45 per 1,000 live births in 2023Sudan: 36.2 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionMadagascar: 3.71% in 2017Sudan: 3.78% in 2017
- Suicide rateMadagascar: 11 per 100,000 people in 2017Sudan: 5 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationMadagascar: 31.2 million people in 2023Sudan: 50 million people in 2023
- Population growthMadagascar: 2.45% a year in 2023Sudan: 0.02% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateMadagascar: 3.97 births per woman in 2023Sudan: 4.32 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationMadagascar: 32.9% in 2025Sudan: 34.9% in 2025
- Median ageMadagascar: 18.9 years in 2023Sudan: 18.3 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overMadagascar: 3.3% in 2023Sudan: 3.2% in 2023
- Net migration rateMadagascar: -0 per 1,000 people in 2023Sudan: -27 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingMadagascar: 0.62% of GDP in 2025Sudan: 0.93% of GDP in 2021
- Military spending in US dollarsMadagascar: $111M in 2025Sudan: $2.77B in 2021
- Military spending per personMadagascar: $4 in 2025Sudan: $8 in 2021
- Military share of state spendingMadagascar: 3.8% of government spending in 2025Sudan: 9.5% of government spending in 2021
- Armed forces personnelMadagascar: 22,000 people in 2020Sudan: 144,000 people in 2020
- National powerMadagascar: 0.11% of world capability in 2022Sudan: 0.37% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersMadagascar: 0.15% of the labour force in 2020Sudan: 1.34% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsMadagascar: 3 million TIV in 2025Sudan: 57 million TIV in 2025