Saudi Arabia vs Thailand: Government debt
Government debt: 31.8% of GDP in Saudi Arabia in 2025 and 62.9% of GDP in Thailand in 2024, by IMF estimates. In 2024 the value was higher in Thailand, by 37.1 percentage points, or 2.43 times that in Saudi Arabia.
Saudi ArabiaThailand
Watch it change on the map% of GDP · IMF
Latest figures
% of GDP · IMF
| Country | Latest | 10 years before | Rank in 2025 | Projected |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Saudi Arabia | 31.8 2025 | 5.5 | 122 of 149 | 48.7 2031 |
| Thailand | 62.9 2024 | 43.3 | — | 69.8 2031 |
What the numbers say
- Thailand has been higher since 2005, when it overtook Saudi Arabia.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Saudi Arabia at 48.7% of GDP and Thailand at 69.8% of GDP in 2031.
Every year
% of GDP · IMF
| Year | Saudi Arabia | Thailand |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 31.8 | 64.7 |
| 2024 | 25.9 | 62.9 |
| 2023 | 23 | 62.2 |
| 2022 | 21.3 | 60.6 |
| 2021 | 25.5 | 58.4 |
| 2020 | 29.7 | 49.4 |
| 2019 | 20.3 | 41.1 |
| 2018 | 16.8 | 41.9 |
| 2017 | 16 | 41.8 |
| 2016 | 12.3 | 41.7 |
| 2015 | 5.5 | 42.6 |
| 2014 | 1.5 | 43.3 |
| 2013 | 2.1 | 42.2 |
| 2012 | 3 | 41.9 |
| 2011 | 5.3 | 39.1 |
| 2010 | 8.4 | 39.8 |
| 2009 | 14 | 42.4 |
| 2008 | 12.1 | 35 |
| 2007 | 17.1 | 36 |
| 2006 | 25.8 | 39.2 |
| 2005 | 37.3 | 45.5 |
| 2004 | 62.9 | 46.3 |
| 2003 | 81.6 | 47.5 |
| 2002 | 96.4 | 54.9 |
| 2001 | 93.2 | 57.5 |
| 2000 | 86.7 | 57.8 |
| 1999 | 103 | 56.6 |
| 1998 | 101.5 | 49.9 |
| 1997 | 76.7 | 40.5 |
| 1996 | 75.2 | 15.2 |
| 1995 | 74.3 | – |
| 1994 | 67.9 | – |
| 1993 | 58.6 | – |
| 1992 | 47.8 | – |
| 1991 | 39.4 | – |
- 12.3Projected
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | Saudi Arabia | Thailand |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 35.4 | 67.2 |
| 2027 | 37.3 | 68.5 |
| 2028 | 40.2 | 69.1 |
| 2029 | 43.1 | 69.4 |
| 2030 | 45.9 | 69.6 |
| 2031 | 48.7 | 69.8 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time