Netherlands vs Vietnam
Netherlands vs Vietnam: Government debt
Government debt in 2025: 44.7% of GDP in Netherlands and 30.5% of GDP in Vietnam, by IMF estimates. In 2025 the value was higher in Netherlands, by 14.2 percentage points, or 1.47 times that in Vietnam.
% of GDP · IMF
What the numbers say
- Netherlands has been higher in every year both have figures for since 2000.
- In 2025, Netherlands ranked 93 and Vietnam ranked 126 of 149 countries, counting from the highest.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Netherlands at 48% of GDP and Vietnam at 24.5% of GDP in 2031.
Every year
% of GDP · IMF
| Year | Netherlands | Vietnam |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 44.7 | 30.5 |
| 2024 | 44 | 31.2 |
| 2023 | 45.9 | 34.3 |
| 2022 | 48.4 | 34.9 |
| 2021 | 50.5 | 39.2 |
| 2020 | 53.4 | 41.3 |
| 2019 | 47.7 | 41 |
| 2018 | 51.6 | 43.8 |
| 2017 | 56 | 46.6 |
| 2016 | 60.9 | 47.9 |
| 2015 | 63.8 | 46.1 |
| 2014 | 67.2 | 43.4 |
| 2013 | 67.2 | 41.4 |
| 2012 | 65.7 | 38.3 |
| 2011 | 61.2 | 36.2 |
| 2010 | 58.9 | 37.3 |
| 2009 | 56.3 | 36.2 |
| 2008 | 54.4 | 31.1 |
| 2007 | 42.7 | 32.2 |
| 2006 | 45 | 30.3 |
| 2005 | 49.6 | 28.7 |
| 2004 | 50.1 | 29.4 |
| 2003 | 49.8 | 29.8 |
| 2002 | 48.7 | 27.7 |
| 2001 | 49.4 | 25.4 |
| 2000 | 52.2 | 24.8 |
| 1999 | 58.6 | – |
| 1998 | 62.7 | – |
| 1997 | 65.7 | – |
| 1996 | 71.3 | – |
| 1995 | 73 | – |
| 1994 | 73.5 | – |
| 1993 | 76.7 | – |
| 1992 | 75.6 | – |
| 1991 | 74.8 | – |
| 1990 | 75 | – |
| 1989 | 73.7 | – |
| 1988 | 73.7 | – |
| 1987 | 71.3 | – |
| 1986 | 69 | – |
| 1985 | 67.1 | – |
| 1984 | 61.9 | – |
| 1983 | 58.4 | – |
| 1982 | 52.4 | – |
| 1981 | 46.9 | – |
| 1980 | 43.6 | – |
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | Netherlands | Vietnam |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 45.4 | 28.3 |
| 2027 | 45.7 | 26.2 |
| 2028 | 45.8 | 25.3 |
| 2029 | 46.3 | 24.6 |
| 2030 | 47.1 | 24.4 |
| 2031 | 48 | 24.5 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Netherlands vs Vietnam
Health
- Life expectancyNetherlands: 82.2 years in 2023Vietnam: 74.6 years in 2023
- Child mortalityNetherlands: 0.4 per 100 live births in 2024Vietnam: 1.7 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityNetherlands: 3.4 per 1,000 live births in 2023Vietnam: 15.1 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterNetherlands: 100% in 2022Vietnam: 57.8% in 2022
- DepressionNetherlands: 4.03% in 2017Vietnam: 2.88% in 2017
- Suicide rateNetherlands: 9.2 per 100,000 people in 2017Vietnam: 7.4 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationNetherlands: 18.1 million people in 2023Vietnam: 100 million people in 2023
- Population growthNetherlands: 0.81% a year in 2023Vietnam: 0.64% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateNetherlands: 1.43 births per woman in 2023Vietnam: 1.91 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationNetherlands: 95.9% in 2025Vietnam: 38.8% in 2025
- Median ageNetherlands: 41.4 years in 2023Vietnam: 32.4 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overNetherlands: 20.2% in 2023Vietnam: 8.6% in 2023
- Net migration rateNetherlands: 8 per 1,000 people in 2023Vietnam: -0.8 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingNetherlands: 2.2% of GDP in 2025Vietnam: 2.15% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsNetherlands: $27B in 2025Vietnam: $10.9B in 2025
- Military spending per personNetherlands: $1,582 in 2025Vietnam: $104 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingNetherlands: 4.8% of government spending in 2025Vietnam: 9.9% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelNetherlands: 41,000 people in 2020Vietnam: 522,000 people in 2020
- National powerNetherlands: 0.38% of world capability in 2022Vietnam: 1.11% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersNetherlands: 0.42% of the labour force in 2020Vietnam: 0.95% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsNetherlands: 824 million TIV in 2025Vietnam: 177 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsNetherlands: 601 million TIV in 2025Vietnam: 10 million TIV in 2018