Greenland
Temperature in Greenland
Temperature in Greenland: -19.2 °C in 1950 and -16.5 °C in 2025, by ERA5 observations.
- Latest, 2025
- -16.5 °C
- Since 1950
- +2.7 °C
- Rank, 2025
- 233 of 233
- counting from the highest
- Projected, 2100
- -15 °C
- CMIP6 model median (SSP2-4.5, middle of the road)
°C · ERA5
What the numbers say
- The CMIP6 model median (SSP2-4.5, middle of the road) puts it at -15 °C in 2100, between -16.9 °C and -12.6 °C (models’ 10th–90th percentile).
- The highest was -15.8 °C in 2010, the lowest -20.6 °C in 1983.
Every year
°C · ERA5
| Year | Observed, ERA5 | CMIP6 historical run, model median |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | -16.5 | -17.1 |
| 2024 | -17.8 | -16.9 |
| 2023 | -17.5 | -17.2 |
| 2022 | -17.1 | -17.2 |
| 2021 | -16.8 | -17.5 |
| 2020 | -18.2 | -17.7 |
| 2019 | -16.9 | -17.8 |
| 2018 | -18.2 | -17.7 |
| 2017 | -17.7 | -17.5 |
| 2016 | -16.4 | -17.8 |
| 2015 | -19.4 | -17.7 |
| 2014 | -17.9 | -17.7 |
| 2013 | -18.6 | -17.8 |
| 2012 | -17.3 | -17.8 |
| 2011 | -19 | -17.7 |
| 2010 | -15.8 | -17.9 |
| 2009 | -18.8 | -17.9 |
| 2008 | -18.3 | -18.1 |
| 2007 | -18.3 | -18 |
| 2006 | -18.1 | -18 |
| 2005 | -17.1 | -18.3 |
| 2004 | -18.1 | -18 |
| 2003 | -17.3 | -18.2 |
| 2002 | -17.8 | -18.3 |
| 2001 | -18.1 | -18.1 |
| 2000 | -18.4 | -18.3 |
| 1999 | -18.9 | -18.3 |
| 1998 | -17.9 | -18.4 |
| 1997 | -18.4 | -18.3 |
| 1996 | -17.7 | -18.8 |
| 1995 | -18.6 | -19 |
| 1994 | -19.3 | -18.6 |
| 1993 | -19.8 | -18.8 |
| 1992 | -20.3 | -19.1 |
| 1991 | -19.1 | -18.5 |
| 1990 | -19.1 | -18.9 |
| 1989 | -19.8 | -18.8 |
| 1988 | -18.6 | -19 |
| 1987 | -18.3 | -19.1 |
| 1986 | -18.8 | -19 |
| 1985 | -18.4 | -19.2 |
| 1984 | -19.6 | -19.1 |
| 1983 | -20.6 | -19.3 |
| 1982 | -19.7 | -19.1 |
| 1981 | -19.4 | -19.1 |
| 1980 | -18.2 | -19.3 |
| 1979 | -19.2 | -18.9 |
| 1978 | -19 | -19.2 |
| 1977 | -18.6 | -19.1 |
| 1976 | -18.3 | -19.2 |
| 1975 | -19.8 | -19.5 |
| 1974 | -19.1 | -19.5 |
| 1973 | -19.4 | -19.3 |
| 1972 | -18.9 | -19.4 |
| 1971 | -20.2 | -19.3 |
| 1970 | -18.6 | -19.2 |
| 1969 | -18.6 | -19.1 |
| 1968 | -18.4 | -19.5 |
| 1967 | -19.1 | -19.5 |
| 1966 | -20.3 | -19.3 |
| 1965 | -18.5 | -19.3 |
| 1964 | -19.2 | -19.8 |
| 1963 | -18.9 | -19.3 |
| 1962 | -19.3 | -19.1 |
| 1961 | -19.6 | -19.2 |
| 1960 | -18.1 | -19 |
| 1959 | -19.2 | -19.2 |
| 1958 | -19.1 | -19.2 |
| 1957 | -19.4 | -19 |
| 1956 | -19.5 | -19.4 |
| 1955 | -19.1 | -19.3 |
| 1954 | -18.7 | -19.3 |
| 1953 | -19.6 | -19.3 |
| 1952 | -18.5 | -19.3 |
| 1951 | -20.1 | -19.1 |
| 1950 | -19.2 | -19.3 |
- 12.3Projected
CMIP6 model median (SSP2-4.5, middle of the road) · 2026–2100
| Year | Observed, ERA5 | CMIP6 historical run, model median |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | – | -17.5-19–-15.7 |
| 2027 | – | -17.3-18.8–-15.9 |
| 2028 | – | -17.1-18.6–-15.8 |
| 2029 | – | -17.2-18.4–-15.9 |
| 2030 | – | -17.1-19–-15.6 |
| 2031 | – | -16.8-18.2–-15.5 |
| 2032 | – | -17-18.3–-15.7 |
| 2033 | – | -17.1-18.3–-15.8 |
| 2034 | – | -17.1-18.4–-15.5 |
| 2035 | – | -16.7-18.1–-15.4 |
| 2036 | – | -16.9-18.4–-15.6 |
| 2037 | – | -16.9-18.7–-15.1 |
| 2038 | – | -16.6-18.2–-15.5 |
| 2039 | – | -16.6-18–-15.2 |
| 2040 | – | -16.8-18.1–-15.4 |
| 2041 | – | -16.7-18.5–-14.8 |
| 2042 | – | -16.4-18.3–-14.8 |
| 2043 | – | -16.8-18–-15.4 |
| 2044 | – | -16.7-18.1–-14.8 |
| 2045 | – | -16.7-17.9–-14.9 |
| 2046 | – | -16.1-17.9–-14.7 |
| 2047 | – | -16.4-17.8–-14.6 |
| 2048 | – | -16.8-18.3–-14.9 |
| 2049 | – | -16.4-17.7–-15 |
| 2050 | – | -16.4-17.9–-14.8 |
| 2051 | – | -16.6-18.1–-14.6 |
| 2052 | – | -16.1-17.5–-14.8 |
| 2053 | – | -16.8-17.8–-15 |
| 2054 | – | -16.3-17.8–-14.5 |
| 2055 | – | -16.4-17.8–-14.6 |
| 2056 | – | -16.5-18.1–-14.6 |
| 2057 | – | -16-17.8–-14.2 |
| 2058 | – | -16.4-17.7–-14.1 |
| 2059 | – | -16-17.4–-14 |
| 2060 | – | -16.1-17.8–-14.2 |
| 2061 | – | -15.9-17.3–-14.4 |
| 2062 | – | -16.2-17.8–-14.2 |
| 2063 | – | -16.1-17.6–-14.3 |
| 2064 | – | -15.9-17.6–-13.9 |
| 2065 | – | -15.8-17.8–-13.8 |
| 2066 | – | -16-17.5–-14 |
| 2067 | – | -15.8-17.9–-14.1 |
| 2068 | – | -16.1-17.4–-13.8 |
| 2069 | – | -15.8-17.4–-13.9 |
| 2070 | – | -15.8-17.4–-14.1 |
| 2071 | – | -15.6-17.1–-13.8 |
| 2072 | – | -15.9-17.7–-13.4 |
| 2073 | – | -15.6-16.8–-13.4 |
| 2074 | – | -15.7-17.2–-13.4 |
| 2075 | – | -15.5-17.1–-13.6 |
| 2076 | – | -15.7-17.2–-13.8 |
| 2077 | – | -15.6-17.2–-13.5 |
| 2078 | – | -15.4-16.9–-13.4 |
| 2079 | – | -15.4-17.3–-13.3 |
| 2080 | – | -15.4-17–-13.5 |
| 2081 | – | -15.5-17–-13.4 |
| 2082 | – | -15.4-17.4–-13.3 |
| 2083 | – | -15.4-17.1–-13.2 |
| 2084 | – | -15.2-17.1–-13.2 |
| 2085 | – | -14.8-17.2–-13 |
| 2086 | – | -15.2-16.8–-13.2 |
| 2087 | – | -15.3-17–-13.3 |
| 2088 | – | -15.3-17–-12.5 |
| 2089 | – | -15.3-16.8–-12.9 |
| 2090 | – | -15.2-17.2–-13 |
| 2091 | – | -15-16.9–-12.7 |
| 2092 | – | -15.2-17–-12.7 |
| 2093 | – | -15.1-16.7–-12.9 |
| 2094 | – | -15-16.6–-12.6 |
| 2095 | – | -15.2-16.8–-12.7 |
| 2096 | – | -15-16.7–-12.6 |
| 2097 | – | -15.2-16.8–-13 |
| 2098 | – | -14.8-17.1–-12.5 |
| 2099 | – | -15.1-16.7–-12.8 |
| 2100 | – | -15-16.9–-12.6 |
Good to know
- The average air temperature near the ground, over the whole country and the whole year.
- Source: ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus, ECMWF) and CMIP6, via the World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal.
- The dashed line is the CMIP6 model median (SSP2-4.5, middle of the road), a scenario rather than a forecast; the band is its models’ 10th–90th percentile.
- Climate model values are the median of the CMIP6 models, run on past emissions to 2014 and on SSP2-4.5, a middle-of-the-road path, after: they are not measurements.
- Ranks count the 233 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Greenland in numbers
Every measure for Greenland on one page