Earthquakes near Matsuyama through history

The deadliest was not the strongest: a magnitude 7 on September 10, 1943 (18 km ENE of Kurayoshi, Japan), for which NOAA records 1,400 deaths. NOAA’s list of significant earthquakes has 11 here, back to AD 684. NOAA records deaths in 10 of the events here, 5,389 in all. The latest on NOAA’s list is a magnitude 6.3 on March 13, 2014 (32 km SSW of Hikari, Japan). NOAA’s record here begins on November 29, 684 with an earthquake. It grows thinner going back: 6 of the 11 significant earthquakes NOAA lists here are from 1927 on. NOAA lists 11 tsunamis from elsewhere that reached the coast within 100 km of Matsuyama with deaths or a metre of water or more. The highest water NOAA records here was 28 m, on December 24, 1854. The deadliest here came on October 28, 1707 from a magnitude 8.4 earthquake (Nankaido): NOAA’s runup records count 1,704 deaths within 100 km of Matsuyama.

• March 13, 2014Earthquake · M 6.332 km SSW of Hikari, JapanUSGS · NOAA NCEI
• April 1, 1968Earthquake · M 7.560 km ESE of Nobeoka, Japan · one death (NOAA)USGS · NOAA NCEI · Wikipedia
• September 10, 1943Earthquake · M 7.018 km ENE of Kurayoshi, Japan · 1,400 deaths (NOAA)USGS · NOAA NCEI · Wikipedia
• December 24, 1854Tsunami · 28 m hereNankaido · 377 deaths here (NOAA)NOAA NCEI · Wikipedia
• October 28, 1707Tsunami · 25.7 m hereNankaido · 1,704 deaths here (NOAA)NOAA NCEI · Wikipedia
• November 29, 684Earthquake · M 8.4 (est.)NOAA NCEI · Wikipedia

• An event counts for Matsuyama when it began within 100 km of its centre, or 200 km for an earthquake of magnitude 7 or more. Damage can reach further.
• USGS counts here start at magnitude 6: the catalogue’s smaller quakes thin out going back, where few instruments listened.
• NOAA lists significant events only: earthquakes that killed, did about $1 million of damage, reached magnitude 7.5 or intensity X, or raised a tsunami, and eruptions and tsunamis by like measures. Magnitudes before 1900 are its estimates from written accounts.
• Deaths are NOAA’s total for each event, wherever people died, its tsunami and fires included. A tsunami counts the dead its runup records give for this place: NOAA’s total for a tsunami includes its source quake’s.
• A tsunami from elsewhere counts where one of its runups killed or rose a metre or more.
• Counted to October 19, 2026, as is the map. The last 30 days ask USGS again.

How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Earthquakes, live, The world through history