Earthquakes near Surabaya through history

NOAA’s list of significant earthquakes has 2 here, back to 1311. NOAA records deaths in 30 of the events here, 16,493 in all. NOAA’s record here begins in 1311 with an eruption (Kelud). NOAA lists one tsunami that began within 100 km of Surabaya, and one from elsewhere that reached it with deaths or a metre of water or more. The highest water NOAA records here was 2.1 m, on August 27, 1883. NOAA lists 45 significant eruptions of 3 volcanoes within 100 km of Surabaya. The largest was Kelud in 1586, at 5 on the volcanic explosivity index. It killed 10,000 people by NOAA’s count.

• April 14, 2023Earthquake · M 7.0Java, IndonesiaUSGS
• September 11, 1916Earthquake · M 7.3JavaNOAA NCEI
• August 27, 1883Tsunami · 2.1 m hereKrakatauNOAA NCEI
• 1586Eruption · VEI 5Kelud · 10,000 deaths (NOAA)NOAA NCEI · Wikipedia
• 1311Eruption · VEI 3KeludNOAA NCEI · Wikipedia

• An event counts for Surabaya when it began within 100 km of its centre, or 200 km for an earthquake of magnitude 7 or more. Damage can reach further.
• USGS counts here start at magnitude 6: the catalogue’s smaller quakes thin out going back, where few instruments listened.
• NOAA lists significant events only: earthquakes that killed, did about $1 million of damage, reached magnitude 7.5 or intensity X, or raised a tsunami, and eruptions and tsunamis by like measures. Magnitudes before 1900 are its estimates from written accounts.
• Deaths are NOAA’s total for each event, wherever people died, its tsunami and fires included. A tsunami counts the dead its runup records give for this place: NOAA’s total for a tsunami includes its source quake’s.
• A tsunami from elsewhere counts where one of its runups killed or rose a metre or more.
• Counted to October 19, 2026, as is the map. The last 30 days ask USGS again.

How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Earthquakes, live, The world through history