Bangladesh vs Vietnam
Bangladesh vs Vietnam: Government debt
Government debt in 2025: 42% of GDP in Bangladesh and 30.5% of GDP in Vietnam, by IMF estimates. In 2025 the value was higher in Bangladesh, by 11.6 percentage points, or 1.38 times that in Vietnam.
% of GDP · IMF
What the numbers say
- Bangladesh has been higher since 2022, when it overtook Vietnam.
- In 2025, Bangladesh ranked 98 and Vietnam ranked 126 of 149 countries, counting from the highest.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Bangladesh at 49.4% of GDP and Vietnam at 24.5% of GDP in 2031.
Every year
% of GDP · IMF
| Year | Bangladesh | Vietnam |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 42 | 30.5 |
| 2024 | 41 | 31.2 |
| 2023 | 39.7 | 34.3 |
| 2022 | 37.9 | 34.9 |
| 2021 | 35.6 | 39.2 |
| 2020 | 34.5 | 41.3 |
| 2019 | 32 | 41 |
| 2018 | 29.6 | 43.8 |
| 2017 | 28.3 | 46.6 |
| 2016 | 27.7 | 47.9 |
| 2015 | 28.2 | 46.1 |
| 2014 | 28.7 | 43.4 |
| 2013 | 28.3 | 41.4 |
| 2012 | 29.1 | 38.3 |
| 2011 | 29.4 | 36.2 |
| 2010 | 29.6 | 37.3 |
| 2009 | 33 | 36.2 |
| 2008 | 33.9 | 31.1 |
| 2007 | 35 | 32.2 |
| 2006 | 35.3 | 30.3 |
| 2005 | 35.6 | 28.7 |
| 2004 | 36.6 | 29.4 |
| 2003 | 37 | 29.8 |
| 2002 | – | 27.7 |
| 2001 | – | 25.4 |
| 2000 | – | 24.8 |
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | Bangladesh | Vietnam |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 40.5 | 28.3 |
| 2027 | 40.4 | 26.2 |
| 2028 | 42.8 | 25.3 |
| 2029 | 45.5 | 24.6 |
| 2030 | 47.6 | 24.4 |
| 2031 | 49.4 | 24.5 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Bangladesh vs Vietnam
Health
- Life expectancyBangladesh: 74.7 years in 2023Vietnam: 74.6 years in 2023
- Child mortalityBangladesh: 3.1 per 100 live births in 2024Vietnam: 1.7 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityBangladesh: 22.8 per 1,000 live births in 2023Vietnam: 15.1 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterBangladesh: 59.1% in 2022Vietnam: 57.8% in 2022
- DepressionBangladesh: 4.11% in 2017Vietnam: 2.88% in 2017
- Suicide rateBangladesh: 6 per 100,000 people in 2017Vietnam: 7.4 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationBangladesh: 172 million people in 2023Vietnam: 100 million people in 2023
- Population growthBangladesh: 1.21% a year in 2023Vietnam: 0.64% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateBangladesh: 2.16 births per woman in 2023Vietnam: 1.91 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationBangladesh: 33.2% in 2025Vietnam: 38.8% in 2025
- Median ageBangladesh: 25.3 years in 2023Vietnam: 32.4 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overBangladesh: 6.3% in 2023Vietnam: 8.6% in 2023
- Net migration rateBangladesh: -3.2 per 1,000 people in 2023Vietnam: -0.8 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingBangladesh: 0.81% of GDP in 2025Vietnam: 2.15% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsBangladesh: $3.67B in 2025Vietnam: $10.9B in 2025
- Military spending per personBangladesh: $22 in 2025Vietnam: $104 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingBangladesh: 7.1% of government spending in 2025Vietnam: 9.9% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelBangladesh: 227,000 people in 2020Vietnam: 522,000 people in 2020
- National powerBangladesh: 1.01% of world capability in 2022Vietnam: 1.11% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersBangladesh: 0.32% of the labour force in 2020Vietnam: 0.95% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsBangladesh: 32 million TIV in 2025Vietnam: 177 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsBangladesh: 2 million TIV in 1984Vietnam: 10 million TIV in 2018