Egypt vs Sudan
Egypt vs Sudan: Government debt
Government debt: 90.9% of GDP in Egypt in 2024 and 191.3% of GDP in Sudan in 2021, by IMF estimates. In 2021 the value was higher in Sudan, by 101.4 percentage points, or 2.13 times that in Egypt.
% of GDP · IMF
What the numbers say
- Sudan has been higher since 2009, when it overtook Egypt.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Egypt at 71.5% of GDP and Sudan at 192.2% of GDP in 2031.
Every year
% of GDP · IMF
| Year | Egypt | Sudan |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 90.9 | 282.3 |
| 2023 | 95.9 | 286.9 |
| 2022 | 88.5 | 189 |
| 2021 | 89.9 | 191.3 |
| 2020 | 86.2 | 278.8 |
| 2019 | 80.1 | 216.5 |
| 2018 | 88 | 209.8 |
| 2017 | 97.8 | 149.5 |
| 2016 | 91.6 | 109.9 |
| 2015 | 83.8 | 93.2 |
| 2014 | 80.9 | 84.4 |
| 2013 | 79.8 | 105.8 |
| 2012 | 69.9 | 117.7 |
| 2011 | 72.8 | 78.1 |
| 2010 | 69.6 | 74.6 |
| 2009 | 69.5 | 71 |
| 2008 | 66.8 | 55.8 |
| 2007 | 76.3 | 53.7 |
| 2006 | 85.9 | 63.7 |
| 2005 | 98.3 | 75.5 |
| 2004 | 96.5 | 97.8 |
| 2003 | 97.1 | 117.4 |
| 2002 | 85.8 | 121.7 |
| 2001 | 79.2 | 125.6 |
| 2000 | 71.7 | 143.2 |
| 1999 | 72.4 | 160.5 |
| 1998 | 73.8 | 179.7 |
| 1997 | – | 167.7 |
| 1996 | – | 220.9 |
| 1995 | – | 239 |
| 1994 | – | 386.5 |
| 1993 | – | 285.9 |
| 1992 | – | 495.2 |
- 12.3Projected
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2025–2031
| Year | Egypt | Sudan |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 86.8 | 204.4 |
| 2026 | 84 | 334.4 |
| 2027 | 82.9 | 274.1 |
| 2028 | 81.4 | 235.5 |
| 2029 | 78 | 225.2 |
| 2030 | 75 | 212 |
| 2031 | 71.5 | 192.2 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Egypt vs Sudan
Health
- Life expectancyEgypt: 71.6 years in 2023Sudan: 66.3 years in 2023
- Child mortalityEgypt: 2.2 per 100 live births in 2024Sudan: 6.2 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityEgypt: 14.6 per 1,000 live births in 2023Sudan: 36.2 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionEgypt: 3.24% in 2017Sudan: 3.78% in 2017
- Suicide rateEgypt: 5.5 per 100,000 people in 2017Sudan: 5 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationEgypt: 115 million people in 2023Sudan: 50 million people in 2023
- Population growthEgypt: 1.82% a year in 2023Sudan: 0.02% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateEgypt: 2.75 births per woman in 2023Sudan: 4.32 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationEgypt: 42.9% in 2025Sudan: 34.9% in 2025
- Median ageEgypt: 24 years in 2023Sudan: 18.3 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overEgypt: 5% in 2023Sudan: 3.2% in 2023
- Net migration rateEgypt: 2.7 per 1,000 people in 2023Sudan: -27 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingEgypt: 0.61% of GDP in 2025Sudan: 0.93% of GDP in 2021
- Military spending in US dollarsEgypt: $2.26B in 2025Sudan: $2.77B in 2021
- Military spending per personEgypt: $21 in 2025Sudan: $8 in 2021
- Military share of state spendingEgypt: 2.5% of government spending in 2025Sudan: 9.5% of government spending in 2021
- Armed forces personnelEgypt: 836,000 people in 2020Sudan: 144,000 people in 2020
- National powerEgypt: 1.18% of world capability in 2022Sudan: 0.37% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersEgypt: 2.76% of the labour force in 2020Sudan: 1.34% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsEgypt: 697 million TIV in 2025Sudan: 57 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsEgypt: 2 million TIV in 2024Sudan: 11 million TIV in 2013