Compare
Ethiopia vs Madagascar
How Ethiopia and Madagascar compare on 38 measures, from 1789 to 2025. The main differences:
- Life expectancy · In 2023, Ethiopia was higher: 67.3 years against 63.6 years
- GDP per person · In 2025, Ethiopia was higher: $945 against $457
- Population · In 2023, Ethiopia was higher: 129 million people against 31.2 million people
- Military spending · In 2025, Madagascar was higher: 0.62% of GDP against 0.49% of GDP
- CO₂ per person · In 2024, Ethiopia was higher: 0.15 tonnes against 0.15 tonnes
Life expectancy →EthiopiaMadagascarUN projection (medium variant)95% prediction intervalWorld
years · UN
Every measure
EthiopiaMadagascar
| Measure | Ethiopia | Madagascar | Over the years |
|---|---|---|---|
| Health | |||
| Life expectancyyears · 2023 | 67.3 | 63.6 | |
| Child mortalitydeaths before age 5 per 100 live births · 2024 | 4.5 | 6.2 | |
| Infant mortalitydeaths per 1,000 live births · 2023 | 33 | 45 | |
| Safe drinking water% of people · 2022 | 13.2 | 22.2 | |
| Depression% of people · 2017 | 3.82 | 3.71 | |
| Suicide ratedeaths per 100,000 people · 2017 | 9.6 | 11 | |
| People | |||
| Populationpeople · 2023 | 129 million | 31.2 million | |
| Population growth% a year · 2023 | 2.59 | 2.45 | |
| Fertility ratebirths per woman · 2023 | 3.99 | 3.97 | |
| Urban population% of people · 2025 | 24.1 | 32.9 | |
| Median ageyears · 2023 | 18.7 | 18.9 | |
| People aged 65 and over% of people · 2023 | 3.2 | 3.3 | |
| Net migration rateper 1,000 people · 2023 | -0.1 | -0 | |
| Economy | |||
| GDP per personUS dollars at 2015 prices · 2025 | $945 | $457 | |
| GDP growth% a year · 2025 | 8.12024 | 3.1 | |
| Inflation% a year · 2025 | 26.62024 | 8 | |
| Government debt% of GDP · 2025 | 33.52024 | 47.8 | |
| Education | |||
| Learning-adjusted schoolingyears · 2020 | 4.3 | 4.7 | |
| Adult literacy% of adults · 2022 | 60.5 | 74.72021 | |
| Girls in primary school% of girls of primary-school age · 2015 | 81.5 | 77.82003 | |
| Politics | |||
| Electoral democracyindex, 0 to 1 · 2025 | 0.26 | 0.36 | |
| Human rightsindex, 0 to 1 · 2025 | 0.3 | 0.65 | |
| Conflict | |||
| Deaths in conflictsdeaths a year · 2022 | 102,900 | 0 | |
| Military | |||
| Military spending% of GDP · 2025 | 0.49 | 0.62 | |
| Military spending in US dollarsUS dollars at 2024 prices · 2025 | $785M | $111M | |
| Military spending per personUS dollars per person · 2025 | $4 | $4 | |
| Military share of state spending% of government spending · 2025 | 4.1 | 3.8 | |
| Armed forces personnelpeople · 2020 | 138,000 | 22,000 | |
| National power% of world capability · 2022 | 0.85 | 0.11 | |
| Armed forces, share of workers% of the labour force · 2020 | 0.28 | 0.15 | |
| Arms importsSIPRI trend-indicator values · 2025 | 63 million | 3 million | |
| Climate | |||
| Temperature°C · 2025 | 24.1 | 23.1 | |
| Days above 35 °Cdays a year · 2014 | 42.9 | 3.9 | |
| Tropical nightsnights a year · 2014 | 144.9 | 138.3 | |
| Technology and environment | |||
| CO₂ per persontonnes per person · 2024 | 0.15 | 0.15 | |
| Internet users% of people · 2024 | 21.9 | 18.7 | |
| Access to electricity% of people · 2024 | 56.6 | 42.5 | |
| Forest area% of land · 2024 | 23.8 | 17.3 | |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- Sources: UN, Gapminder and UN IGME, WHO/UNICEF, IHME, World Bank, IMF, UNESCO, Our World in Data, V-Dem, UCDP, SIPRI, IISS, Correlates of War, ERA5, CMIP6, EDGAR, ITU and FAO. Each measure’s page names its own and what it counts.
- Values are drawn on today’s borders. Years without a published value are left empty, never filled in.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time