Ethiopia vs Somalia
Ethiopia vs Somalia: Net migration rate
Net migration rate in 2023: -0.1 per 1,000 people in Ethiopia and 2.5 per 1,000 people in Somalia, by UN estimates. In 2023 the value was higher in Somalia, by 2.6 per 1,000 people.
per 1,000 people · UN
What the numbers say
- Somalia has been higher since 2023, when it overtook Ethiopia.
- In 2023, Ethiopia ranked 114 and Somalia ranked 62 of 229 countries, counting from the highest.
- The UN projection (medium variant) puts Ethiopia at 0.4 per 1,000 people and Somalia at -0.6 per 1,000 people in 2100.
Every year
per 1,000 people · UN
| Year | Ethiopia | Somalia |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | -0.1 | 2.5 |
| 2022 | -0.1 | -5.2 |
| 2021 | -0 | 2.1 |
| 2020 | 0.3 | 4.6 |
| 2019 | -0.1 | 3.3 |
| 2018 | 0.1 | 2.6 |
| 2017 | 0.7 | 2.6 |
| 2016 | 1.1 | 8.6 |
| 2015 | 0.6 | -1.2 |
| 2014 | 1 | 0.5 |
| 2013 | 0.8 | 1.6 |
| 2012 | 1.2 | -4.2 |
| 2011 | 1.3 | -26.4 |
| 2010 | 0.9 | -7.2 |
| 2009 | 0.2 | -8.5 |
| 2008 | -0.2 | -8.7 |
| 2007 | -0 | 0.7 |
| 2006 | -0.4 | -6.1 |
| 2005 | -0.6 | -0.6 |
| 2004 | -0.3 | 1.7 |
| 2003 | -0.2 | 3.3 |
| 2002 | -0.2 | 1.3 |
| 2001 | -0.3 | 4.4 |
| 2000 | -0.7 | 6.1 |
| 1999 | 0.4 | 4.4 |
| 1998 | -0 | 6.8 |
| 1997 | -0.1 | 6.4 |
| 1996 | 0.7 | -6.1 |
| 1995 | 1.6 | 9 |
| 1994 | 2.5 | -7.2 |
| 1993 | 2.6 | 39.2 |
| 1992 | 3.1 | -27.7 |
| 1991 | 17.3 | -83.4 |
| 1990 | 6.2 | -35 |
| 1989 | 5.3 | -37.4 |
| 1988 | 8.6 | -57.5 |
| 1987 | 5.9 | -2.4 |
| 1986 | 4.5 | 10.7 |
| 1985 | 4 | 9.3 |
| 1984 | 3.6 | 9.4 |
| 1983 | 1.8 | 1.5 |
| 1982 | 1.8 | 1 |
| 1981 | 17.8 | -55.5 |
| 1980 | -26.2 | 11 |
| 1979 | -20.8 | 106.9 |
| 1978 | -6.3 | 83.5 |
| 1977 | -15.9 | 0.5 |
| 1976 | -1.1 | -0.9 |
| 1975 | -1.3 | -0.5 |
| 1974 | -0.1 | -0.1 |
| 1973 | 0 | 0 |
| 1972 | -0.1 | -0.1 |
| 1971 | -0.5 | -0.5 |
| 1970 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| 1969 | 0.3 | 0.2 |
| 1968 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| 1967 | 0.6 | 0.4 |
| 1966 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| 1965 | 0.7 | 0.7 |
| 1964 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
| 1963 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| 1962 | 0.4 | 0.5 |
| 1961 | 0.3 | 0.5 |
| 1960 | 0.1 | 0.3 |
| 1959 | -0.3 | -0.1 |
| 1958 | -1.3 | -1.1 |
| 1957 | -0.6 | -0.4 |
| 1956 | -0.5 | -0.3 |
| 1955 | -0.5 | -0.3 |
| 1954 | -0.5 | -0.3 |
| 1953 | -0.7 | -0.4 |
| 1952 | -0.1 | 0.1 |
| 1951 | 0.2 | 0.5 |
| 1950 | 0.3 | 0.5 |
UN projection (medium variant) · 2024–2100
| Year | Ethiopia | Somalia |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 0.2-10.2–9.9 | 1.4-40.6–39.6 |
| 2025 | 0.2-10.7–10.7 | 0.6-48.7–42.9 |
| 2026 | 0.2-11.5–10.3 | 0.8-48.3–42.5 |
| 2027 | 0.3-11.3–11 | -0-48.1–44.7 |
| 2028 | 0.1-12–10.8 | -1-47.6–43.8 |
| 2029 | 0.3-11–10.9 | -0.4-45.2–44.9 |
| 2030 | 0.2-11.2–10.7 | 0.5-42.4–44.1 |
| 2031 | 0.2-10.6–10.9 | -0.3-45.9–45.3 |
| 2032 | 0.3-11.4–10.9 | -0.6-45.1–44.2 |
| 2033 | 0-11.7–11.2 | -1.4-43.6–40.7 |
| 2034 | 0.2-11–10.8 | -0.5-43–41.1 |
| 2035 | 0.3-11.3–10.8 | 0.4-44.7–43.3 |
| 2036 | 0.3-11–11 | -0-44.9–41.6 |
| 2037 | 0.2-11.9–10.6 | 0.5-45.8–41.4 |
| 2038 | 0.3-11.3–11.3 | -0.2-45.9–41.9 |
| 2039 | 0.4-10.7–11.2 | -0.7-43.7–43 |
| 2040 | 0.3-10.7–11.3 | 0.5-43.1–44.1 |
| 2041 | 0.2-10.6–11.2 | -0.3-45.5–40.8 |
| 2042 | 0.2-11.2–11.3 | -1.4-41.9–39.8 |
| 2043 | 0.3-10.9–11.2 | -0.8-42.4–37.8 |
| 2044 | 0.3-11.5–11.5 | -0.6-41–39 |
| 2045 | 0.2-11.1–10.7 | -0.6-41.5–40.6 |
| 2046 | 0.3-10.9–11 | -0.4-43.2–39.4 |
| 2047 | 0.4-10.8–11.4 | -0.2-42.3–39.1 |
| 2048 | 0.2-11.4–11.3 | -0.6-41.9–39.7 |
| 2049 | 0.1-11.7–10.9 | -1.3-40.3–39.6 |
| 2050 | 0.1-11.2–10.7 | -0.7-40.7–38.9 |
| 2051 | 0.4-11.4–11.6 | -0.5-38.2–37.2 |
| 2052 | 0.1-11.4–11.4 | -0.8-41.1–36.5 |
| 2053 | 0-11.6–11 | -0.4-37.7–36.3 |
| 2054 | 0-11.5–11.3 | 0.5-36.9–38.7 |
| 2055 | -0.1-12–10.8 | 0.5-36.5–38.4 |
| 2056 | 0.3-11.7–11.5 | -0.1-38.2–36.5 |
| 2057 | -0-11.1–11.1 | -0.4-38.5–35.3 |
| 2058 | -0.2-11.9–11.2 | -0.9-35.4–37 |
| 2059 | 0.2-10.9–11.2 | 1.1-34.1–38.6 |
| 2060 | 0.2-11–11.1 | 1-33.3–35.2 |
| 2061 | 0.3-11–11.2 | -0.4-35.4–35.7 |
| 2062 | 0.1-12.2–11.6 | -0.5-36.5–32.6 |
| 2063 | 0.1-12–11.3 | -0.2-33.3–34.3 |
| 2064 | 0.1-12.2–11 | 0.2-33.8–33.7 |
| 2065 | 0-11.8–11.7 | 0.3-33.8–36.1 |
| 2066 | -0-12.1–11.4 | -0.4-34.7–34.2 |
| 2067 | 0.2-11.4–11 | -0.5-32.4–34.2 |
| 2068 | 0-12.6–11.3 | -0.8-32.5–33.4 |
| 2069 | 0.1-12.3–11.8 | -0.3-33.5–33.3 |
| 2070 | 0-12–11.4 | 0.2-31–33.8 |
| 2071 | 0.1-12.1–11.5 | -0-31.7–33.3 |
| 2072 | 0.2-12.6–11.1 | -0.3-32–31.4 |
| 2073 | -0-12.4–11.4 | -0-30.3–31.6 |
| 2074 | 0.3-12.4–11.7 | 0.1-28.8–30.4 |
| 2075 | 0.3-12–11.5 | -1.1-30.9–31.1 |
| 2076 | 0.2-12.6–11.4 | -0.7-32–29.6 |
| 2077 | 0.2-13.2–11.4 | 0.1-30.1–29.1 |
| 2078 | 0.2-12.8–11.7 | -0-28.7–29.6 |
| 2079 | -0.1-13.7–11.5 | 0.1-29.3–29.1 |
| 2080 | -0-14.1–11.5 | -0.5-30.1–28.1 |
| 2081 | 0.1-13.8–12.1 | -1.4-29.8–27.2 |
| 2082 | 0.2-13.6–11.6 | -0.1-28–27.1 |
| 2083 | 0-13.4–12.1 | -0.2-28.7–27.9 |
| 2084 | 0.1-12.6–12.4 | -0.1-26.5–27.4 |
| 2085 | 0.2-12.3–12 | 0.5-26.6–28.8 |
| 2086 | 0.3-13.2–12.1 | 0.1-25.6–25.8 |
| 2087 | 0-14.2–12.2 | -0.7-25–29.4 |
| 2088 | -0.2-13.7–10.9 | -0.7-27.7–24.9 |
| 2089 | -0.1-13.4–11.7 | -0.8-27.2–27.5 |
| 2090 | 0.2-13.1–12.2 | 0.2-26.9–27.3 |
| 2091 | 0.1-14.1–12.9 | 0.2-26.1–27.1 |
| 2092 | -0-14.3–11.4 | -0.2-24.6–26.1 |
| 2093 | 0.1-13.8–12 | -0.2-22.9–25.8 |
| 2094 | 0.3-13.3–12.7 | -0.2-23.6–25.6 |
| 2095 | 0-14–12.4 | -0.3-22.9–23.7 |
| 2096 | 0.4-14.5–12.9 | 0-22.4–23.5 |
| 2097 | 0.3-12.9–12.1 | -0.5-23.4–24.8 |
| 2098 | 0.2-14.2–11.6 | -0.3-23–22.4 |
| 2099 | 0.1-13.8–12.1 | -0-22.7–23.8 |
| 2100 | 0.4-13.7–12.5 | -0.6-21.6–22.8 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- People moving in minus people moving out in a year, per 1,000 residents; below zero, more left than arrived.
- Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024.
- The dashed line is the UN projection (medium variant), a scenario rather than a forecast; the band is its 95% prediction interval.
- Ranks count the 229 countries with a value in 2023, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Ethiopia vs Somalia
Health
- Life expectancyEthiopia: 67.3 years in 2023Somalia: 58.8 years in 2023
- Child mortalityEthiopia: 4.5 per 100 live births in 2024Somalia: 10.1 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityEthiopia: 33 per 1,000 live births in 2023Somalia: 66.3 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionEthiopia: 3.82% in 2017Somalia: 3.79% in 2017
- Suicide rateEthiopia: 9.6 per 100,000 people in 2017Somalia: 9.9 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationEthiopia: 129 million people in 2023Somalia: 18.4 million people in 2023
- Population growthEthiopia: 2.59% a year in 2023Somalia: 3.57% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateEthiopia: 3.99 births per woman in 2023Somalia: 6.13 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationEthiopia: 24.1% in 2025Somalia: 55.1% in 2025
- Median ageEthiopia: 18.7 years in 2023Somalia: 15.5 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overEthiopia: 3.2% in 2023Somalia: 2.6% in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingEthiopia: 0.49% of GDP in 2025Somalia: 1.54% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsEthiopia: $785M in 2025Somalia: $193M in 2025
- Military spending per personEthiopia: $4 in 2025Somalia: $10 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingEthiopia: 4.1% of government spending in 2025Somalia: 20.8% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelEthiopia: 138,000 people in 2020Somalia: 14,000 people in 2020
- National powerEthiopia: 0.85% of world capability in 2022Somalia: 0.13% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersEthiopia: 0.28% of the labour force in 2020Somalia: 0.47% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsEthiopia: 63 million TIV in 2025Somalia: 2 million TIV in 2025