Ethiopia vs Spain: Government debt

Government debt: 33.5% of GDP in Ethiopia in 2024 and 100.5% of GDP in Spain in 2025, by IMF estimates. In 2024 the value was higher in Spain, by 67.9 percentage points, or 3.03 times that in Ethiopia.

Watch it change on the map

% of GDP · IMF

EthiopiaSpainIMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026)

What the numbers say

Spain has been higher since 2009, when it overtook Ethiopia.
The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Ethiopia at 27.5% of GDP and Spain at 89.4% of GDP in 2031.

Every year

% of GDP · IMF

Year	Ethiopia	Spain
2025	43.3	100.5
2024	33.5	101.4
2023	38.7	105.2
2022	47	109.2
2021	53.8	115.6
2020	53.3	119.2
2019	54.7	97.6
2018	58.5	99.7
2017	55.3	101.1
2016	51.8	102
2015	50.7	102.4
2014	44.2	104.4
2013	44.1	100
2012	39.4	89.6
2011	44.6	69.5
2010	39.4	60.3
2009	30	53.1
2008	56.1	39.6
2007	55.7	35.7
2006	79.6	39
2005	78.2	42.4
2004	103.1	45.3
2003	103.7	47.7
2002	107.4	51.2
2001	97.3	54.1
2000	93.6	57.8
1999	97.8	60.9
1998	89.3	62.4
1997	80.3	64.3
1996	132.8	65.4
1995	146.6	61.6
1994	155.2	57
1993	141	54.6
1992	87.9	44.1
1991	–	41.9
1990	–	41.3
1989	–	39.9
1988	–	38.5
1987	–	41.9
1986	–	42.1
1985	–	40.9
1984	–	36
1983	–	29.5
1982	–	24.4
1981	–	19.5
1980	–	16.1

12.3Projected

IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031

Year	Ethiopia	Spain
2026	40.7	97.6
2027	37	95.2
2028	34.2	93.2
2029	31.8	92
2030	29.7	90.7
2031	27.5	89.4

Each country on its own

Good to know

What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.

How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time

Ethiopia vs Spain: Government debt

What the numbers say

Every year

Each country on its own

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