Kosovo vs Montenegro
Kosovo vs Montenegro: Government debt
Government debt in 2025: 17.5% of GDP in Kosovo and 63.5% of GDP in Montenegro, by IMF estimates. In 2025 the value was higher in Montenegro, by 46 percentage points, or 3.63 times that in Kosovo.
% of GDP · IMF
What the numbers say
- Montenegro has been higher in every year both have figures for since 2006.
- In 2025, Kosovo ranked 143 and Montenegro ranked 50 of 149 countries, counting from the highest.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Kosovo at 22.7% of GDP and Montenegro at 64.9% of GDP in 2031.
Every year
% of GDP · IMF
| Year | Kosovo | Montenegro |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 17.5 | 63.5 |
| 2024 | 17.9 | 59.8 |
| 2023 | 18.6 | 58.4 |
| 2022 | 21.4 | 69 |
| 2021 | 23.1 | 84.6 |
| 2020 | 24.3 | 106.4 |
| 2019 | 17.7 | 77.4 |
| 2018 | 17.1 | 71 |
| 2017 | 16.4 | 64.9 |
| 2016 | 14.5 | 64.7 |
| 2015 | 13.4 | 67.4 |
| 2014 | 11.2 | 60.1 |
| 2013 | 9.4 | 55.7 |
| 2012 | 8.6 | 53.6 |
| 2011 | 5.6 | 45.9 |
| 2010 | 6.5 | 42 |
| 2009 | 6.9 | 40.7 |
| 2008 | 10.8 | 31.2 |
| 2007 | 14.3 | 28.3 |
| 2006 | 16.3 | 32.4 |
| 2005 | – | 38.6 |
| 2004 | – | 45.4 |
| 2003 | – | 48.7 |
| 2002 | – | 85.7 |
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | Kosovo | Montenegro |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 18.1 | 66.8 |
| 2027 | 18.8 | 61.1 |
| 2028 | 19.7 | 61.8 |
| 2029 | 20.7 | 62.5 |
| 2030 | 21.8 | 63.7 |
| 2031 | 22.7 | 64.9 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Kosovo vs Montenegro
Health
People
- PopulationKosovo: 1.7 million people in 2023Montenegro: 633,600 people in 2023
- Population growthKosovo: -1.07% a year in 2023Montenegro: 1.86% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateKosovo: 1.55 births per woman in 2023Montenegro: 1.8 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationKosovo: 50.9% in 2025Montenegro: 65.6% in 2025
- Median ageKosovo: 31.4 years in 2023Montenegro: 39.3 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overKosovo: 9.6% in 2023Montenegro: 17.5% in 2023
- Net migration rateKosovo: -16.9 per 1,000 people in 2023Montenegro: 18.9 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingKosovo: 1.85% of GDP in 2025Montenegro: 1.89% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsKosovo: $217M in 2025Montenegro: $163M in 2025
- Military spending per personKosovo: $140 in 2025Montenegro: $277 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingKosovo: 5.9% of government spending in 2025Montenegro: 4.4% of government spending in 2025
- National powerKosovo: 0.01% of world capability in 2022Montenegro: 0.01% of world capability in 2022
- Arms importsKosovo: 8 million TIV in 2025Montenegro: 1 million TIV in 2025