Compare
Romania vs Sweden
How Romania and Sweden compare on 38 measures, from 1751 to 2025. The main differences:
- Life expectancy · In 2023, Sweden was higher: 83.3 years against 75.9 years
- GDP per person · In 2025, Sweden was higher: $55,010 against $12,570
- Population · In 2023, Romania was higher: 19.1 million people against 10.6 million people
- Military spending · In 2025, Sweden was higher: 2.47% of GDP against 2.28% of GDP
- CO₂ per person · In 2024, Romania was higher: 3.72 tonnes against 3.57 tonnes
Every measure
Health
- Life expectancyRomania: 75.9 years in 2023Sweden: 83.3 years in 2023
- Child mortalityRomania: 0.7 per 100 live births in 2024Sweden: 0.2 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityRomania: 4.8 per 1,000 live births in 2023Sweden: 1.9 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterRomania: 82.1% in 2022Sweden: 99.7% in 2022
- DepressionRomania: 2.36% in 2017Sweden: 4.49% in 2017
- Suicide rateRomania: 9.2 per 100,000 people in 2017Sweden: 11.1 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationRomania: 19.1 million people in 2023Sweden: 10.6 million people in 2023
- Population growthRomania: -0.53% a year in 2023Sweden: 0.56% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateRomania: 1.71 births per woman in 2023Sweden: 1.43 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationRomania: 52.2% in 2025Sweden: 89.1% in 2025
- Median ageRomania: 42.6 years in 2023Sweden: 39.9 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overRomania: 19.8% in 2023Sweden: 20.5% in 2023
- Net migration rateRomania: -1.5 per 1,000 people in 2023Sweden: 5.2 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingRomania: 2.28% of GDP in 2025Sweden: 2.47% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsRomania: $8.81B in 2025Sweden: $15B in 2025
- Military spending per personRomania: $513 in 2025Sweden: $1,549 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingRomania: 5.6% of government spending in 2025Sweden: 5% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelRomania: 128,000 people in 2020Sweden: 15,000 people in 2020
- National powerRomania: 0.23% of world capability in 2022Sweden: 0.19% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersRomania: 1.52% of the labour force in 2020Sweden: 0.27% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsRomania: 421 million TIV in 2025Sweden: 146 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsRomania: 132 million TIV in 2025Sweden: 235 million TIV in 2025
Climate
Technology and environment
Each country on its own
Good to know
- Sources: UN, Gapminder and UN IGME, WHO/UNICEF, IHME, World Bank, IMF, Our World in Data, V-Dem, UCDP, SIPRI, IISS, Correlates of War, ERA5, CMIP6, EDGAR, ITU and FAO. Each measure’s page names its own and what it counts.
- Values are drawn on today’s borders. Years without a published value are left empty, never filled in.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time