Russia vs Ukraine
Russia vs Ukraine: Government debt
Government debt in 2025: 16.6% of GDP in Russia and 107.1% of GDP in Ukraine, by IMF estimates. In 2025 the value was higher in Ukraine, by 90.5 percentage points, or 6.46 times that in Russia.
% of GDP · IMF
What the numbers say
- Ukraine has been higher since 2004, when it overtook Russia.
- In 2025, Russia ranked 144 and Ukraine ranked 11 of 149 countries, counting from the highest.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Russia at 30.7% of GDP and Ukraine at 97.2% of GDP in 2031.
Every year
% of GDP · IMF
| Year | Russia | Ukraine |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 16.6 | 107.1 |
| 2024 | 14.8 | 89.7 |
| 2023 | 15.2 | 81.2 |
| 2022 | 15.1 | 77.7 |
| 2021 | 16.5 | 48.9 |
| 2020 | 19.2 | 60.5 |
| 2019 | 13.8 | 50.5 |
| 2018 | 13.6 | 60.4 |
| 2017 | 14.3 | 71.6 |
| 2016 | 14.9 | 79.5 |
| 2015 | 15.3 | 79.3 |
| 2014 | 15.1 | 70.3 |
| 2013 | 12.4 | 39 |
| 2012 | 11.2 | 36.1 |
| 2011 | 10.3 | 35.5 |
| 2010 | 10.1 | 39.1 |
| 2009 | 9.9 | 34.1 |
| 2008 | 7.4 | 19.7 |
| 2007 | 8 | 11.8 |
| 2006 | 9.8 | 14.3 |
| 2005 | 14.9 | 17.1 |
| 2004 | 20.8 | 23.9 |
| 2003 | 28.3 | 28.3 |
| 2002 | 37.6 | 32.3 |
| 2001 | 44.4 | 35.3 |
| 2000 | 55.9 | 43.7 |
| 1999 | 92.4 | 61 |
| 1998 | 135.2 | 48.1 |
| 1997 | 51.5 | 29.9 |
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | Russia | Ukraine |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 19.3 | 111.8 |
| 2027 | 22.2 | 110.3 |
| 2028 | 24.8 | 109.6 |
| 2029 | 27.2 | 107.3 |
| 2030 | 29.1 | 102.1 |
| 2031 | 30.7 | 97.2 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Russia vs Ukraine
Health
- Life expectancyRussia: 73.2 years in 2023Ukraine: 73.4 years in 2023
- Child mortalityRussia: 0.5 per 100 live births in 2024Ukraine: 0.8 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityRussia: 3.5 per 1,000 live births in 2023Ukraine: 5.9 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterRussia: 76.2% in 2022Ukraine: 87.6% in 2022
- DepressionRussia: 3.71% in 2017Ukraine: 4.07% in 2017
- Suicide rateRussia: 25.1 per 100,000 people in 2017Ukraine: 25.6 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationRussia: 145 million people in 2023Ukraine: 37.7 million people in 2023
- Population growthRussia: -0.32% a year in 2023Ukraine: -1.55% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateRussia: 1.45 births per woman in 2023Ukraine: 0.98 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationRussia: 75.3% in 2025Ukraine: 69.6% in 2025
- Median ageRussia: 39.5 years in 2023Ukraine: 42 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overRussia: 16.6% in 2023Ukraine: 18.6% in 2023
- Net migration rateRussia: 0.2 per 1,000 people in 2023Ukraine: -8 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingRussia: 7.5% of GDP in 2025Ukraine: 39.56% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsRussia: $158B in 2025Ukraine: $77.6B in 2025
- Military spending per personRussia: $1,318 in 2025Ukraine: $2,197 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingRussia: 19.8% of government spending in 2025Ukraine: 62.9% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelRussia: 1.45 million people in 2020Ukraine: 298,000 people in 2020
- National powerRussia: 3.82% of world capability in 2022Ukraine: 0.86% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersRussia: 1.98% of the labour force in 2020Ukraine: 1.43% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsRussia: 129 million TIV in 2025Ukraine: 2.26 billion TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsRussia: 1.94 billion TIV in 2025Ukraine: 120 million TIV in 2025