Earthquakes near Makhachkala through history

The deadliest was not the strongest: an earthquake on March 9, 1830, for which NOAA records 410 deaths. NOAA’s list of significant earthquakes has 7 here, back to 1652. NOAA records deaths in 3 of the events here, 481 in all. The latest on NOAA’s list is a magnitude 3.2 on February 1, 1999 (Makhachkala, Dagestan). NOAA’s record here begins on June 8, 1652 with an earthquake (Caucasus). NOAA lists one tsunami that began within 100 km of Makhachkala.

• February 1, 1999Earthquake · M 3.2Makhachkala, DagestanNOAA NCEI
• May 14, 1970Earthquake · M 6.75 km ENE of Uchkent, Russia · 31 deaths (NOAA)USGS · NOAA NCEI · Wikipedia
• May 14, 1970TsunamiCaspian SeaNOAA NCEI · Wikipedia
• March 9, 1830Earthquake · M 6.3 (est.)Dagestan · 40 deaths (NOAA)NOAA NCEI
• March 9, 1830Earthquake410 deaths (NOAA)NOAA NCEI
• June 8, 1652Earthquake · M 5.8 (est.)CaucasusNOAA NCEI

• An event counts for Makhachkala when it began within 100 km of its centre, or 200 km for an earthquake of magnitude 7 or more. Damage can reach further.
• USGS counts here start at magnitude 6: the catalogue’s smaller quakes thin out going back, where few instruments listened.
• NOAA lists significant events only: earthquakes that killed, did about $1 million of damage, reached magnitude 7.5 or intensity X, or raised a tsunami, and eruptions and tsunamis by like measures. Magnitudes before 1900 are its estimates from written accounts.
• Deaths are NOAA’s total for each event, wherever people died, its tsunami and fires included. A tsunami counts the dead its runup records give for this place: NOAA’s total for a tsunami includes its source quake’s.
• A tsunami from elsewhere counts where one of its runups killed or rose a metre or more.
• Counted to October 19, 2026, as is the map. The last 30 days ask USGS again.

How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Earthquakes, live, The world through history