Earthquakes near Tbilisi through history

The deadliest was not the strongest: a magnitude 6.8 on December 7, 1988 (10 km N of Gogaran, Armenia), for which NOAA records 25,000 deaths. NOAA’s list of significant earthquakes has 8 here, back to 1275. NOAA records deaths in 5 of the events here, 25,293 in all. The latest on NOAA’s list is a magnitude 4.3 on April 25, 2002 (Tbilisi). NOAA’s record here begins on April 14, 1275 with an earthquake. It grows thinner going back: 5 of the 8 significant earthquakes NOAA lists here are from 1927 on.

• April 25, 2002Earthquake · M 4.3Tbilisi · 5 deaths (NOAA)NOAA NCEI · Wikipedia
• April 29, 1991Earthquake · M 7.022 km WNW of Java, Georgia · 270 deaths (NOAA)USGS · NOAA NCEI · Wikipedia
• December 7, 1988Earthquake · M 6.810 km N of Gogaran, Armenia · 25,000 deaths (NOAA)USGS · NOAA NCEI · Wikipedia
• April 14, 1275Earthquake · M 6.7 (est.)NOAA NCEI

• An event counts for Tbilisi when it began within 100 km of its centre, or 200 km for an earthquake of magnitude 7 or more. Damage can reach further.
• USGS counts here start at magnitude 6: the catalogue’s smaller quakes thin out going back, where few instruments listened.
• NOAA lists significant events only: earthquakes that killed, did about $1 million of damage, reached magnitude 7.5 or intensity X, or raised a tsunami, and eruptions and tsunamis by like measures. Magnitudes before 1900 are its estimates from written accounts.
• Deaths are NOAA’s total for each event, wherever people died, its tsunami and fires included. A tsunami counts the dead its runup records give for this place: NOAA’s total for a tsunami includes its source quake’s.
• A tsunami from elsewhere counts where one of its runups killed or rose a metre or more.
• Counted to October 19, 2026, as is the map. The last 30 days ask USGS again.

How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Earthquakes, live, The world through history