Australia vs Canada
Australia vs Canada: Temperature
Temperature in 2025: 22.6 °C in Australia and -2.6 °C in Canada, by ERA5 observations. In 2025 the value was higher in Australia, by 25.2 °C.
°C · ERA5
What the numbers say
- Australia has been higher in every year both have figures for since 1950.
- In 2025, Australia ranked 127 and Canada ranked 232 of 233 countries, counting from the highest.
- The CMIP6 model median (SSP2-4.5, middle of the road) puts Australia at 24.8 °C and Canada at 0.8 °C in 2100.
Every year
°C · ERA5
| Year | Australia | Australia: CMIP6 historical run, model median | Canada | Canada: CMIP6 historical run, model median |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 22.6 | 23 | -2.6 | -2.2 |
| 2024 | 22.8 | 23.1 | -1.8 | -2 |
| 2023 | 22.4 | 22.9 | -1.8 | -2.3 |
| 2022 | 21.9 | 22.9 | -3.6 | -2.3 |
| 2021 | 22 | 22.9 | -2.8 | -2.4 |
| 2020 | 22.6 | 22.7 | -3.6 | -2.5 |
| 2019 | 23.1 | 22.7 | -3.6 | -2.7 |
| 2018 | 22.6 | 22.8 | -4.2 | -2.7 |
| 2017 | 22.5 | 22.8 | -3.2 | -2.6 |
| 2016 | 22.4 | 22.7 | -2.7 | -2.7 |
| 2015 | 22.5 | 22.6 | -3.5 | -2.7 |
| 2014 | 22.6 | 22.7 | -4.1 | -2.6 |
| 2013 | 22.9 | 22.7 | -4 | -2.9 |
| 2012 | 21.7 | 22.6 | -3 | -2.9 |
| 2011 | 21.3 | 22.6 | -3.4 | -3 |
| 2010 | 21.7 | 22.7 | -1.7 | -3 |
| 2009 | 22.5 | 22.5 | -4 | -3.1 |
| 2008 | 22 | 22.5 | -4.2 | -3 |
| 2007 | 22.2 | 22.5 | -4 | -3.1 |
| 2006 | 22 | 22.3 | -2.3 | -3.4 |
| 2005 | 22.7 | 22.4 | -3.2 | -3.1 |
| 2004 | 22.1 | 22.6 | -4.9 | -3.1 |
| 2003 | 22.2 | 22.5 | -3.7 | -3.1 |
| 2002 | 22.3 | 22.3 | -4.3 | -3.4 |
| 2001 | 21.4 | 22.4 | -3 | -3.4 |
| 2000 | 21.3 | 22.4 | -4.1 | -3.5 |
| 1999 | 21.7 | 22.3 | -3.3 | -3.4 |
| 1998 | 22.4 | 22.4 | -2.6 | -3.6 |
| 1997 | 21.9 | 22.2 | -4.2 | -3.6 |
| 1996 | 22.2 | 22 | -4.9 | -3.9 |
| 1995 | 21.7 | 22 | -4.2 | -4.1 |
| 1994 | 22 | 22.1 | -4.3 | -4.1 |
| 1993 | 22 | 21.9 | -4.4 | -4.5 |
| 1992 | 21.7 | 21.7 | -5 | -4.6 |
| 1991 | 22.3 | 22.2 | -4.4 | -4 |
| 1990 | 22.2 | 22.3 | -5 | -3.7 |
| 1989 | 21.7 | 22.1 | -5 | -4.1 |
| 1988 | 22.5 | 22.1 | -4.1 | -4.4 |
| 1987 | 21.9 | 22 | -3.3 | -4 |
| 1986 | 22 | 22.1 | -4.8 | -4.2 |
| 1985 | 21.9 | 21.9 | -4.8 | -4.4 |
| 1984 | 21.4 | 22.1 | -4.5 | -4.4 |
| 1983 | 22 | 21.9 | -4.7 | -4.6 |
| 1982 | 21.8 | 22.1 | -5.8 | -4.2 |
| 1981 | 22 | 22 | -2.8 | -4.2 |
| 1980 | 22.5 | 22.1 | -4.4 | -4.4 |
| 1979 | 22 | 22.1 | -4.9 | -4.3 |
| 1978 | 21.3 | 22 | -5.4 | -4.4 |
| 1977 | 21.6 | 21.9 | -3.9 | -4.4 |
| 1976 | 21 | 21.9 | -4.9 | -4.7 |
| 1975 | 21.2 | 21.7 | -4.9 | -4.3 |
| 1974 | 20.6 | 21.8 | -5.6 | -4.4 |
| 1973 | 22 | 22.1 | -4 | -4.6 |
| 1972 | 22 | 21.8 | -6.8 | -4.7 |
| 1971 | 21.5 | 21.9 | -4.8 | -4.5 |
| 1970 | 21.9 | 21.8 | -5 | -4.4 |
| 1969 | 21.9 | 21.9 | -4.4 | -4.4 |
| 1968 | 21.4 | 21.8 | -4.7 | -4.8 |
| 1967 | 21.7 | 21.8 | -5.4 | -4.6 |
| 1966 | 21.5 | 21.8 | -5.1 | -4.5 |
| 1965 | 22.2 | 21.7 | -5.5 | -4.6 |
| 1964 | 21.8 | 21.5 | -5.4 | -4.7 |
| 1963 | 21.8 | 21.5 | -4.6 | -4.5 |
| 1962 | 22 | 21.9 | -4.8 | -4.5 |
| 1961 | 22.3 | 22 | -5 | -4.4 |
| 1960 | 21.6 | 22 | -4.4 | -4.5 |
| 1959 | 22.4 | 21.9 | -5.2 | -4.6 |
| 1958 | 22.5 | 22 | -4.2 | -4.2 |
| 1957 | 22.3 | 21.9 | -4.9 | -4.5 |
| 1956 | 21.2 | 21.8 | -5.7 | -4.4 |
| 1955 | 21.7 | 21.7 | -4.9 | -4.2 |
| 1954 | 22 | 21.9 | -4.7 | -4.5 |
| 1953 | 21.9 | 21.8 | -4.1 | -4.4 |
| 1952 | 21.9 | 21.9 | -4.1 | -4.4 |
| 1951 | 22.1 | 21.9 | -5.5 | -4.4 |
| 1950 | 21.8 | 21.8 | -6 | -4.3 |
- 12.3Projected
CMIP6 model median (SSP2-4.5, middle of the road) · 2026–2100
| Year | Australia | Australia: CMIP6 historical run, model median | Canada | Canada: CMIP6 historical run, model median |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | – | 2322.2–23.9 | – | -2.2-3.6–-0.3 |
| 2027 | – | 23.122.2–23.7 | – | -2.2-3.6–-0.5 |
| 2028 | – | 23.222.4–23.9 | – | -2.2-3.8–-0.8 |
| 2029 | – | 23.222.5–24.1 | – | -2.1-3.4–-0.6 |
| 2030 | – | 23.122.3–23.8 | – | -2.2-3.7–-0.6 |
| 2031 | – | 23.222.4–24 | – | -2.1-3.6–-0.6 |
| 2032 | – | 23.422.7–24.1 | – | -1.9-3.5–-0.4 |
| 2033 | – | 23.222.5–23.8 | – | -2-3.4–-0.7 |
| 2034 | – | 23.322.6–24.1 | – | -1.8-3–-0.6 |
| 2035 | – | 23.322.3–24.1 | – | -1.7-3.1–-0.3 |
| 2036 | – | 23.222.5–24 | – | -1.8-3.2–-0.3 |
| 2037 | – | 23.622.7–24.2 | – | -1.7-3.3–-0.1 |
| 2038 | – | 23.622.8–24.2 | – | -1.7-3.3–0.2 |
| 2039 | – | 23.422.6–24.2 | – | -1.5-3.1–0.2 |
| 2040 | – | 23.522.6–24.3 | – | -1.6-3.1–0.2 |
| 2041 | – | 23.522.7–24.3 | – | -1.3-2.7–0.1 |
| 2042 | – | 23.522.5–24.4 | – | -1.5-2.8–0.2 |
| 2043 | – | 23.622.8–24.3 | – | -1.5-2.9–0.4 |
| 2044 | – | 23.622.8–24.4 | – | -1.2-2.6–0.5 |
| 2045 | – | 23.622.7–24.4 | – | -1.5-3.1–0.2 |
| 2046 | – | 23.822.8–24.6 | – | -1-2.6–0.8 |
| 2047 | – | 23.822.8–24.5 | – | -1-2.6–0.6 |
| 2048 | – | 2422.9–24.7 | – | -1.2-2.7–0.6 |
| 2049 | – | 23.823.1–24.7 | – | -0.9-2.3–0.7 |
| 2050 | – | 23.822.8–24.7 | – | -1.1-2.7–0.9 |
| 2051 | – | 23.922.9–24.9 | – | -1.2-2.7–0.8 |
| 2052 | – | 23.823–24.9 | – | -0.9-2.4–0.9 |
| 2053 | – | 23.922.8–24.8 | – | -0.9-2.9–0.8 |
| 2054 | – | 23.922.9–24.9 | – | -1.2-2.7–1.1 |
| 2055 | – | 2423.2–24.9 | – | -0.7-2.5–1 |
| 2056 | – | 2423.1–24.8 | – | -1.1-3.1–0.9 |
| 2057 | – | 24.123.1–24.8 | – | -0.8-2.4–1.2 |
| 2058 | – | 2423–24.9 | – | -0.7-2.4–1.4 |
| 2059 | – | 24.123.2–25 | – | -0.5-1.9–1.4 |
| 2060 | – | 24.123.2–24.9 | – | -0.4-1.9–1.2 |
| 2061 | – | 24.123.3–25 | – | -0.3-2.2–1.5 |
| 2062 | – | 23.922.9–24.8 | – | -0.5-2.4–1.7 |
| 2063 | – | 24.323.3–25.2 | – | -0.5-1.9–1.5 |
| 2064 | – | 24.123.2–25.1 | – | -0.6-2.3–1.5 |
| 2065 | – | 24.123.2–25 | – | -0.5-2.1–1.8 |
| 2066 | – | 24.423.5–25.2 | – | -0.4-2–2.1 |
| 2067 | – | 24.323.1–25.5 | – | -0.4-1.9–1.5 |
| 2068 | – | 24.423–25.4 | – | -0.3-1.8–2.1 |
| 2069 | – | 24.323.3–25.3 | – | -0.1-2.1–1.8 |
| 2070 | – | 24.123.1–25.4 | – | -0.4-2–2.1 |
| 2071 | – | 24.323.2–25.4 | – | -0.3-2.1–2 |
| 2072 | – | 24.423.5–25.3 | – | -0-1.8–2.2 |
| 2073 | – | 24.523.5–25.3 | – | 0.1-1.9–2.5 |
| 2074 | – | 24.323.4–25.3 | – | -0-1.6–2.2 |
| 2075 | – | 24.423.2–25.2 | – | -0.3-1.9–1.9 |
| 2076 | – | 24.523.4–25.3 | – | -0-2–2.1 |
| 2077 | – | 24.423.5–25.4 | – | 0.1-1.7–2.5 |
| 2078 | – | 24.423.7–25.3 | – | -0-1.5–2.5 |
| 2079 | – | 24.423.3–25.4 | – | -0.1-1.8–2.3 |
| 2080 | – | 24.423.4–25.4 | – | 0-1.9–2 |
| 2081 | – | 24.523.3–25.5 | – | 0.1-2–2.2 |
| 2082 | – | 24.523.5–25.3 | – | 0.2-1.5–2.3 |
| 2083 | – | 24.423.3–25.6 | – | 0.1-1.5–2.3 |
| 2084 | – | 24.623.2–25.6 | – | 0.2-1.5–2.4 |
| 2085 | – | 24.623.5–25.6 | – | 0.5-1.7–2.8 |
| 2086 | – | 24.623.4–25.6 | – | 0.5-1.3–2.7 |
| 2087 | – | 24.523.4–25.8 | – | 0.4-1.4–2.6 |
| 2088 | – | 24.623.5–25.8 | – | 0.3-1.8–2.5 |
| 2089 | – | 24.523.6–25.5 | – | 0.3-1.6–2.4 |
| 2090 | – | 24.723.6–25.9 | – | 0.3-1.9–2.3 |
| 2091 | – | 24.623.6–25.7 | – | 0.4-1.3–2.7 |
| 2092 | – | 24.623.4–25.7 | – | 0.5-1.5–3 |
| 2093 | – | 24.823.5–26 | – | 0.5-1.5–2.9 |
| 2094 | – | 24.623.7–25.6 | – | 0.5-1.6–2.9 |
| 2095 | – | 24.923.7–25.9 | – | 0.6-1.2–3.2 |
| 2096 | – | 24.723.5–25.8 | – | 0.7-1.3–3.3 |
| 2097 | – | 24.723.5–25.9 | – | 0.8-1.1–2.9 |
| 2098 | – | 24.623.6–25.7 | – | 0.9-1.2–3 |
| 2099 | – | 24.723.7–25.7 | – | 0.5-1.5–3 |
| 2100 | – | 24.823.8–25.9 | – | 0.8-1.4–3.2 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- The average air temperature near the ground, over the whole country and the whole year.
- Source: ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus, ECMWF) and CMIP6, via the World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal.
- The dashed line is the CMIP6 model median (SSP2-4.5, middle of the road), a scenario rather than a forecast; the band is its models’ 10th–90th percentile.
- Climate model values are the median of the CMIP6 models, run on past emissions to 2014 and on SSP2-4.5, a middle-of-the-road path, after: they are not measurements.
- Ranks count the 233 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Australia vs Canada
Health
- Life expectancyAustralia: 83.9 years in 2023Canada: 82.6 years in 2023
- Child mortalityAustralia: 0.4 per 100 live births in 2024Canada: 0.5 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityAustralia: 3.2 per 1,000 live births in 2023Canada: 4.3 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionAustralia: 4.62% in 2017Canada: 3.99% in 2017
- Suicide rateAustralia: 11.1 per 100,000 people in 2017Canada: 10.9 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationAustralia: 26.5 million people in 2023Canada: 39.3 million people in 2023
- Population growthAustralia: 0.99% a year in 2023Canada: 1.22% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateAustralia: 1.64 births per woman in 2023Canada: 1.35 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationAustralia: 87.7% in 2025Canada: 82.9% in 2025
- Median ageAustralia: 37.8 years in 2023Canada: 40.3 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overAustralia: 17.4% in 2023Canada: 19.4% in 2023
- Net migration rateAustralia: 5.3 per 1,000 people in 2023Canada: 11 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingAustralia: 1.92% of GDP in 2025Canada: 1.63% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsAustralia: $35.3B in 2025Canada: $37.5B in 2025
- Military spending per personAustralia: $1,316 in 2025Canada: $939 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingAustralia: 4.9% of government spending in 2025Canada: 3.7% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelAustralia: 60,000 people in 2020Canada: 72,000 people in 2020
- National powerAustralia: 0.6% of world capability in 2022Canada: 0.81% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersAustralia: 0.44% of the labour force in 2020Canada: 0.35% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsAustralia: 826 million TIV in 2025Canada: 83 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsAustralia: 108 million TIV in 2025Canada: 312 million TIV in 2025