Azerbaijan vs Uzbekistan
Azerbaijan vs Uzbekistan: Government debt
Government debt in 2025: 20.1% of GDP in Azerbaijan and 28.6% of GDP in Uzbekistan, by IMF estimates. In 2025 the value was higher in Uzbekistan, by 8.5 percentage points, or 1.42 times that in Azerbaijan.
% of GDP · IMF
What the numbers say
- Uzbekistan has been higher since 2019, when it overtook Azerbaijan.
- In 2025, Azerbaijan ranked 141 and Uzbekistan ranked 132 of 149 countries, counting from the highest.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Azerbaijan at 16.7% of GDP and Uzbekistan at 25.1% of GDP in 2031.
Every year
% of GDP · IMF
| Year | Azerbaijan | Uzbekistan |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 20.1 | 28.6 |
| 2024 | 21.6 | 30.9 |
| 2023 | 21.8 | 30.7 |
| 2022 | 17.3 | 29.2 |
| 2021 | 26.4 | 30.2 |
| 2020 | 21.3 | 31.9 |
| 2019 | 17.7 | 24.3 |
| 2018 | 18.7 | 16.7 |
| 2017 | 22.5 | 17.3 |
| 2016 | 20.6 | 7.2 |
| 2015 | 18 | 5.9 |
| 2014 | 8.5 | 5.4 |
| 2013 | 6.2 | 5.5 |
| 2012 | 5.8 | 6.1 |
| 2011 | 5 | 5.7 |
| 2010 | 5 | 5.9 |
| 2009 | 4.7 | 6.6 |
| 2008 | 3.2 | 7.5 |
| 2007 | 4 | 8.6 |
| 2006 | 5.3 | 12.2 |
| 2005 | 6.9 | 18.9 |
| 2004 | 9.7 | 24.2 |
| 2003 | 10.7 | 28.3 |
| 2002 | 11.9 | 37.5 |
| 2001 | 13 | 40.4 |
| 2000 | 13.1 | 26.5 |
| 1999 | 25.4 | 16.6 |
| 1998 | 14.3 | 16.2 |
| 1997 | 11.4 | 13.8 |
| 1996 | 16.7 | – |
| 1995 | 19.2 | – |
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | Azerbaijan | Uzbekistan |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 16.5 | 27.6 |
| 2027 | 16.4 | 26.4 |
| 2028 | 16.5 | 25.6 |
| 2029 | 16.5 | 25 |
| 2030 | 16.6 | 25 |
| 2031 | 16.7 | 25.1 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Azerbaijan vs Uzbekistan
Health
- Life expectancyAzerbaijan: 74.4 years in 2023Uzbekistan: 72.4 years in 2023
- Child mortalityAzerbaijan: 1.8 per 100 live births in 2024Uzbekistan: 1.3 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityAzerbaijan: 15 per 1,000 live births in 2023Uzbekistan: 11.1 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterAzerbaijan: 71.6% in 2022Uzbekistan: 79.9% in 2022
- DepressionAzerbaijan: 2.59% in 2017Uzbekistan: 2.89% in 2017
- Suicide rateAzerbaijan: 4.1 per 100,000 people in 2017Uzbekistan: 9.4 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationAzerbaijan: 10.3 million people in 2023Uzbekistan: 35.7 million people in 2023
- Population growthAzerbaijan: -0.26% a year in 2023Uzbekistan: 2.01% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateAzerbaijan: 1.67 births per woman in 2023Uzbekistan: 3.5 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationAzerbaijan: 58.6% in 2025Uzbekistan: 51% in 2025
- Median ageAzerbaijan: 32.6 years in 2023Uzbekistan: 26.9 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overAzerbaijan: 8% in 2023Uzbekistan: 5.7% in 2023
- Net migration rateAzerbaijan: -8.2 per 1,000 people in 2023Uzbekistan: -0.2 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingAzerbaijan: 6.47% of GDP in 2025Uzbekistan: 2.49% of GDP in 2018
- Military spending in US dollarsAzerbaijan: $4.67B in 2025Uzbekistan: $1.77B in 2018
- Military spending per personAzerbaijan: $476 in 2025Uzbekistan: $45 in 2018
- Military share of state spendingAzerbaijan: 17.7% of government spending in 2025Uzbekistan: 11.1% of government spending in 2018
- Armed forces personnelAzerbaijan: 82,000 people in 2020Uzbekistan: 68,000 people in 2020
- National powerAzerbaijan: 0.14% of world capability in 2022Uzbekistan: 0.29% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersAzerbaijan: 1.58% of the labour force in 2020Uzbekistan: 0.52% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsAzerbaijan: 463 million TIV in 2025Uzbekistan: 32 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsAzerbaijan: 2 million TIV in 2023Uzbekistan: 68 million TIV in 2016