Ethiopia vs Rwanda
Ethiopia vs Rwanda: Net migration rate
Net migration rate in 2023: -0.1 per 1,000 people in Ethiopia and -0.6 per 1,000 people in Rwanda, by UN estimates. In 2023 the value was higher in Ethiopia, by 0.6 per 1,000 people.
per 1,000 people · UN
What the numbers say
- Ethiopia has been higher since 1998, when it overtook Rwanda.
- In 2023, Ethiopia ranked 114 and Rwanda ranked 143 of 229 countries, counting from the highest.
- The UN projection (medium variant) puts Ethiopia at 0.4 per 1,000 people and Rwanda at -0.7 per 1,000 people in 2100.
Every year
per 1,000 people · UN
| Year | Ethiopia | Rwanda |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | -0.1 | -0.6 |
| 2022 | -0.1 | -0.7 |
| 2021 | -0 | -1.6 |
| 2020 | 0.3 | -1.7 |
| 2019 | -0.1 | -1.9 |
| 2018 | 0.1 | -2 |
| 2017 | 0.7 | -2.1 |
| 2016 | 1.1 | -2.1 |
| 2015 | 0.6 | -1.9 |
| 2014 | 1 | -1.7 |
| 2013 | 0.8 | -1.5 |
| 2012 | 1.2 | -2.3 |
| 2011 | 1.3 | -2.6 |
| 2010 | 0.9 | -2.9 |
| 2009 | 0.2 | -3 |
| 2008 | -0.2 | -3.3 |
| 2007 | -0 | -3.4 |
| 2006 | -0.4 | -3.7 |
| 2005 | -0.6 | -3.7 |
| 2004 | -0.3 | -3.5 |
| 2003 | -0.2 | -3 |
| 2002 | -0.2 | -10.9 |
| 2001 | -0.3 | -18.4 |
| 2000 | -0.7 | -18.7 |
| 1999 | 0.4 | -17.9 |
| 1998 | -0 | -16 |
| 1997 | -0.1 | 52.9 |
| 1996 | 0.7 | 203.9 |
| 1995 | 1.6 | 77.5 |
| 1994 | 2.5 | -305.9 |
| 1993 | 2.6 | 29.6 |
| 1992 | 3.1 | -1.6 |
| 1991 | 17.3 | -7.9 |
| 1990 | 6.2 | -5.6 |
| 1989 | 5.3 | -0.4 |
| 1988 | 8.6 | -0.8 |
| 1987 | 5.9 | -1 |
| 1986 | 4.5 | -1.4 |
| 1985 | 4 | -1.7 |
| 1984 | 3.6 | -2.1 |
| 1983 | 1.8 | -2.5 |
| 1982 | 1.8 | -2.8 |
| 1981 | 17.8 | -3 |
| 1980 | -26.2 | -3.1 |
| 1979 | -20.8 | -3 |
| 1978 | -6.3 | -2.7 |
| 1977 | -15.9 | -2.3 |
| 1976 | -1.1 | -1.5 |
| 1975 | -1.3 | -1 |
| 1974 | -0.1 | -1 |
| 1973 | 0 | -0.9 |
| 1972 | -0.1 | -1 |
| 1971 | -0.5 | -1 |
| 1970 | 0.3 | 0.3 |
| 1969 | 0.3 | 0.8 |
| 1968 | 0.4 | 1.3 |
| 1967 | 0.6 | 1.3 |
| 1966 | 0.4 | -0.5 |
| 1965 | 0.7 | -2.9 |
| 1964 | 0.5 | -5.8 |
| 1963 | 0.4 | -7.8 |
| 1962 | 0.4 | -8 |
| 1961 | 0.3 | -6.6 |
| 1960 | 0.1 | -4.4 |
| 1959 | -0.3 | -2.1 |
| 1958 | -1.3 | -1.4 |
| 1957 | -0.6 | -0.4 |
| 1956 | -0.5 | -0.3 |
| 1955 | -0.5 | -0.3 |
| 1954 | -0.5 | -0.3 |
| 1953 | -0.7 | -0.4 |
| 1952 | -0.1 | 0.1 |
| 1951 | 0.2 | 0.4 |
| 1950 | 0.3 | 0.5 |
UN projection (medium variant) · 2024–2100
| Year | Ethiopia | Rwanda |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 0.2-10.2–9.9 | -1.1-95.5–75 |
| 2025 | 0.2-10.7–10.7 | 0.4-96.5–80.9 |
| 2026 | 0.2-11.5–10.3 | -0.5-101.6–79 |
| 2027 | 0.3-11.3–11 | 0.5-92.1–78.8 |
| 2028 | 0.1-12–10.8 | -1.1-90.5–79.1 |
| 2029 | 0.3-11–10.9 | -1.5-98.5–79.1 |
| 2030 | 0.2-11.2–10.7 | -1-96.3–78 |
| 2031 | 0.2-10.6–10.9 | -0.6-94.7–83.1 |
| 2032 | 0.3-11.4–10.9 | -3.6-99.9–80.3 |
| 2033 | 0-11.7–11.2 | -0.4-97.6–81.3 |
| 2034 | 0.2-11–10.8 | -0.4-90.6–80.8 |
| 2035 | 0.3-11.3–10.8 | 1.2-93.3–83.5 |
| 2036 | 0.3-11–11 | -2.2-89.6–79.7 |
| 2037 | 0.2-11.9–10.6 | -0.3-92.7–82.3 |
| 2038 | 0.3-11.3–11.3 | -0.6-96–82 |
| 2039 | 0.4-10.7–11.2 | 1.1-98.7–82.8 |
| 2040 | 0.3-10.7–11.3 | 1.2-91.7–79.4 |
| 2041 | 0.2-10.6–11.2 | 1-96.6–83.6 |
| 2042 | 0.2-11.2–11.3 | -0.7-100–85.4 |
| 2043 | 0.3-10.9–11.2 | 1-95.2–84.2 |
| 2044 | 0.3-11.5–11.5 | -1.6-100.7–78.3 |
| 2045 | 0.2-11.1–10.7 | -0.8-95.2–81.2 |
| 2046 | 0.3-10.9–11 | -2.2-99.2–80.3 |
| 2047 | 0.4-10.8–11.4 | -0.7-95.5–83.9 |
| 2048 | 0.2-11.4–11.3 | -0.4-97.9–80.5 |
| 2049 | 0.1-11.7–10.9 | -0.8-97.9–82.5 |
| 2050 | 0.1-11.2–10.7 | -1.4-98.4–85 |
| 2051 | 0.4-11.4–11.6 | -0.9-96.6–80.1 |
| 2052 | 0.1-11.4–11.4 | -1.7-93.4–81.3 |
| 2053 | 0-11.6–11 | -1.4-94.6–80.2 |
| 2054 | 0-11.5–11.3 | -1.1-94.7–84.3 |
| 2055 | -0.1-12–10.8 | -0.5-93.5–85.6 |
| 2056 | 0.3-11.7–11.5 | -1.6-99.2–83.8 |
| 2057 | -0-11.1–11.1 | -1.5-97.4–82 |
| 2058 | -0.2-11.9–11.2 | 1.1-98.7–86.3 |
| 2059 | 0.2-10.9–11.2 | -1-99.9–82.4 |
| 2060 | 0.2-11–11.1 | -1-96.5–76.6 |
| 2061 | 0.3-11–11.2 | 0.6-93.6–85.3 |
| 2062 | 0.1-12.2–11.6 | -1.7-106.8–81.8 |
| 2063 | 0.1-12–11.3 | -0.3-105–80.1 |
| 2064 | 0.1-12.2–11 | -0.7-101.5–80.2 |
| 2065 | 0-11.8–11.7 | -0.3-102.1–89.4 |
| 2066 | -0-12.1–11.4 | -1.4-101.4–85.9 |
| 2067 | 0.2-11.4–11 | -0.3-100.6–89.3 |
| 2068 | 0-12.6–11.3 | -0.7-107.4–84.2 |
| 2069 | 0.1-12.3–11.8 | -1.8-99.5–83.3 |
| 2070 | 0-12–11.4 | -0.5-105.8–84.3 |
| 2071 | 0.1-12.1–11.5 | -1.2-98.9–84 |
| 2072 | 0.2-12.6–11.1 | -0.7-104.6–86.2 |
| 2073 | -0-12.4–11.4 | -0.9-108.1–80.8 |
| 2074 | 0.3-12.4–11.7 | -1.3-101.6–84.1 |
| 2075 | 0.3-12–11.5 | -1-107.7–83.4 |
| 2076 | 0.2-12.6–11.4 | -1.8-104.9–79.2 |
| 2077 | 0.2-13.2–11.4 | -0.8-104.4–84.5 |
| 2078 | 0.2-12.8–11.7 | -1.2-103.5–84.4 |
| 2079 | -0.1-13.7–11.5 | -0.6-113.3–79.7 |
| 2080 | -0-14.1–11.5 | -0.4-102.9–88.2 |
| 2081 | 0.1-13.8–12.1 | -0.7-109.7–85.3 |
| 2082 | 0.2-13.6–11.6 | -0.3-104–90.5 |
| 2083 | 0-13.4–12.1 | -0.3-114.8–85.9 |
| 2084 | 0.1-12.6–12.4 | -1.2-109.9–87.3 |
| 2085 | 0.2-12.3–12 | -0.9-117.6–87.6 |
| 2086 | 0.3-13.2–12.1 | -0.4-106.1–91.2 |
| 2087 | 0-14.2–12.2 | 1-110.8–89.6 |
| 2088 | -0.2-13.7–10.9 | -0.4-116.9–86.5 |
| 2089 | -0.1-13.4–11.7 | 1.4-120.7–92 |
| 2090 | 0.2-13.1–12.2 | -1.4-122.1–86 |
| 2091 | 0.1-14.1–12.9 | -1.2-117.7–85.7 |
| 2092 | -0-14.3–11.4 | -0.4-112.8–92 |
| 2093 | 0.1-13.8–12 | 0.1-110.9–101.8 |
| 2094 | 0.3-13.3–12.7 | -1.3-118–92.4 |
| 2095 | 0-14–12.4 | 0.4-118.1–93.9 |
| 2096 | 0.4-14.5–12.9 | -0.9-106.2–92.8 |
| 2097 | 0.3-12.9–12.1 | -1.1-109.2–93.6 |
| 2098 | 0.2-14.2–11.6 | -0.7-115.3–101.3 |
| 2099 | 0.1-13.8–12.1 | 0.2-122.7–99.4 |
| 2100 | 0.4-13.7–12.5 | -0.7-123.8–90 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- People moving in minus people moving out in a year, per 1,000 residents; below zero, more left than arrived.
- Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024.
- The dashed line is the UN projection (medium variant), a scenario rather than a forecast; the band is its 95% prediction interval.
- Ranks count the 229 countries with a value in 2023, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Ethiopia vs Rwanda
Health
- Life expectancyEthiopia: 67.3 years in 2023Rwanda: 67.8 years in 2023
- Child mortalityEthiopia: 4.5 per 100 live births in 2024Rwanda: 3.8 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityEthiopia: 33 per 1,000 live births in 2023Rwanda: 27.5 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionEthiopia: 3.82% in 2017Rwanda: 3.87% in 2017
- Suicide rateEthiopia: 9.6 per 100,000 people in 2017Rwanda: 11 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationEthiopia: 129 million people in 2023Rwanda: 14 million people in 2023
- Population growthEthiopia: 2.59% a year in 2023Rwanda: 2.18% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateEthiopia: 3.99 births per woman in 2023Rwanda: 3.7 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationEthiopia: 24.1% in 2025Rwanda: 30.9% in 2025
- Median ageEthiopia: 18.7 years in 2023Rwanda: 19.4 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overEthiopia: 3.2% in 2023Rwanda: 3.8% in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingEthiopia: 0.49% of GDP in 2025Rwanda: 1.29% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsEthiopia: $785M in 2025Rwanda: $194M in 2025
- Military spending per personEthiopia: $4 in 2025Rwanda: $13 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingEthiopia: 4.1% of government spending in 2025Rwanda: 4.7% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelEthiopia: 138,000 people in 2020Rwanda: 35,000 people in 2020
- National powerEthiopia: 0.85% of world capability in 2022Rwanda: 0.07% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersEthiopia: 0.28% of the labour force in 2020Rwanda: 0.7% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsEthiopia: 63 million TIV in 2025Rwanda: 37 million TIV in 2023