Kazakhstan vs Tajikistan
Kazakhstan vs Tajikistan: Temperature
Temperature in 2025: 9 °C in Kazakhstan and 2.9 °C in Tajikistan, by ERA5 observations. In 2025 the value was higher in Kazakhstan, by 6.1 °C, or 3.08 times that in Tajikistan.
°C · ERA5
What the numbers say
- Kazakhstan has been higher in every year both have figures for since 1950.
- In 2025, Kazakhstan ranked 206 and Tajikistan ranked 227 of 233 countries, counting from the highest.
- The CMIP6 model median (SSP2-4.5, middle of the road) puts Kazakhstan at 10 °C and Tajikistan at 3.2 °C in 2100.
Every year
°C · ERA5
| Year | Kazakhstan | Kazakhstan: CMIP6 historical run, model median | Tajikistan | Tajikistan: CMIP6 historical run, model median |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 9 | 7.9 | 2.9 | 1.2 |
| 2024 | 7.8 | 7.8 | 1.3 | 1.1 |
| 2023 | 8.8 | 7.5 | 1.6 | 0.8 |
| 2022 | 7.9 | 7.7 | 1.7 | 0.8 |
| 2021 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 1 | 0.8 |
| 2020 | 7.9 | 7.5 | 0.3 | 0.9 |
| 2019 | 7.8 | 7.5 | 1 | 0.6 |
| 2018 | 6.4 | 7.5 | 0.8 | 0.6 |
| 2017 | 7.6 | 7.6 | 1.1 | 0.8 |
| 2016 | 7.7 | 7.2 | 1.6 | 0.6 |
| 2015 | 7.9 | 7.4 | 0.8 | 0.5 |
| 2014 | 6.3 | 7.2 | 0 | 0.5 |
| 2013 | 8.2 | 7.3 | 0.9 | 0.5 |
| 2012 | 6.7 | 7.3 | -0.7 | 0.4 |
| 2011 | 6.3 | 7 | 0.5 | 0.4 |
| 2010 | 7.3 | 7.2 | 0.5 | 0.1 |
| 2009 | 7 | 7.2 | -0.2 | 0.1 |
| 2008 | 7.6 | 6.9 | 0.4 | -0 |
| 2007 | 7.8 | 7 | 0.8 | 0.2 |
| 2006 | 7.4 | 7 | 0.9 | 0.2 |
| 2005 | 7.6 | 6.9 | -0.3 | 0 |
| 2004 | 7.9 | 6.8 | 0.3 | 0.1 |
| 2003 | 6.5 | 7 | -0.2 | 0.1 |
| 2002 | 7.7 | 7.1 | 0.4 | 0.3 |
| 2001 | 7.1 | 6.7 | 0.5 | -0.1 |
| 2000 | 7 | 6.6 | -0.3 | -0.2 |
| 1999 | 7.2 | 6.5 | -0.3 | -0 |
| 1998 | 6.5 | 6.6 | 0.5 | -0.2 |
| 1997 | 7.4 | 6.5 | 0.2 | -0.3 |
| 1996 | 5.4 | 6.7 | -1 | -0.1 |
| 1995 | 7.7 | 6.3 | -0.5 | -0.3 |
| 1994 | 5.8 | 6.1 | -0.2 | -0.5 |
| 1993 | 4.9 | 5.8 | -0.6 | -0.7 |
| 1992 | 6 | 5.7 | -0.3 | -0.8 |
| 1991 | 6.9 | 6.2 | -0.4 | -0.3 |
| 1990 | 7 | 6.4 | 0.7 | -0.4 |
| 1989 | 6.9 | 6 | -1.5 | -0.4 |
| 1988 | 6.5 | 5.9 | 0.2 | -0.6 |
| 1987 | 5.7 | 6 | -0.3 | -0.4 |
| 1986 | 6.1 | 6 | -0.5 | -0.7 |
| 1985 | 5.8 | 6.2 | 0 | -0.5 |
| 1984 | 5.1 | 5.3 | -0.3 | -0.9 |
| 1983 | 7.9 | 5.4 | 0 | -1.1 |
| 1982 | 6.5 | 5.8 | -0.9 | -0.7 |
| 1981 | 7 | 5.8 | -0 | -0.5 |
| 1980 | 5.9 | 6 | 0.5 | -0.6 |
| 1979 | 6.4 | 5.8 | 0.3 | -0.7 |
| 1978 | 6.2 | 5.7 | 0.2 | -0.7 |
| 1977 | 6.3 | 5.7 | 0.4 | -0.9 |
| 1976 | 4.6 | 5.7 | -0.4 | -1 |
| 1975 | 6.8 | 5.7 | -1.1 | -0.8 |
| 1974 | 5.5 | 5.9 | -1.3 | -0.8 |
| 1973 | 6.3 | 5.5 | -0.2 | -1 |
| 1972 | 4.6 | 5.6 | -1.9 | -0.9 |
| 1971 | 6.6 | 5.4 | 0.1 | -1 |
| 1970 | 5.7 | 5.5 | -0.1 | -1 |
| 1969 | 3.9 | 5.7 | -1 | -1 |
| 1968 | 5.6 | 5.5 | -0.6 | -1.2 |
| 1967 | 6.2 | 5.6 | -1.1 | -0.9 |
| 1966 | 6.1 | 5.8 | -0.5 | -1 |
| 1965 | 6.7 | 5.1 | -0.8 | -1 |
| 1964 | 5.2 | 5.6 | -1.6 | -1 |
| 1963 | 6.9 | 5.7 | 0.2 | -1 |
| 1962 | 6.8 | 5.8 | -0.9 | -0.7 |
| 1961 | 6.6 | 6 | -0.4 | -0.8 |
| 1960 | 4.5 | 5.6 | -0.9 | -0.7 |
| 1959 | 4.8 | 6.1 | -0.4 | -0.7 |
| 1958 | 5.6 | 5.4 | -0.7 | -1 |
| 1957 | 5.9 | 5.9 | -1.7 | -0.6 |
| 1956 | 5.4 | 5.7 | -0.1 | -0.9 |
| 1955 | 6.5 | 6.1 | -0.4 | -0.7 |
| 1954 | 4.3 | 5.7 | -1.1 | -0.7 |
| 1953 | 6.1 | 5.9 | -0.3 | -1 |
| 1952 | 5.4 | 5.7 | -0.2 | -0.9 |
| 1951 | 5.9 | 5.7 | -0.4 | -0.7 |
| 1950 | 4.8 | 6.1 | -0.9 | -0.6 |
- 12.3Projected
CMIP6 model median (SSP2-4.5, middle of the road) · 2026–2100
| Year | Kazakhstan | Kazakhstan: CMIP6 historical run, model median | Tajikistan | Tajikistan: CMIP6 historical run, model median |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | – | 7.56.2–8.9 | – | 0.9-0–2.3 |
| 2027 | – | 8.16.5–9.2 | – | 1.10.3–1.9 |
| 2028 | – | 7.96.6–9.1 | – | 1.10.3–2.1 |
| 2029 | – | 7.96.6–9 | – | 1.20.2–2 |
| 2030 | – | 86.7–9.2 | – | 1.10.1–2 |
| 2031 | – | 8.26.9–9.3 | – | 1.20.5–2 |
| 2032 | – | 8.26.9–9.4 | – | 1.30.2–2.1 |
| 2033 | – | 8.16.9–9.4 | – | 1.10.5–2.2 |
| 2034 | – | 8.16.9–9.7 | – | 1.30.2–2.3 |
| 2035 | – | 86.9–9.3 | – | 1.30.3–2.3 |
| 2036 | – | 8.36.8–9.2 | – | 1.30.6–2.1 |
| 2037 | – | 8.46.6–9.4 | – | 1.80.6–2.6 |
| 2038 | – | 8.36.9–9.7 | – | 1.50.6–2.4 |
| 2039 | – | 8.17.1–9.7 | – | 1.40.5–2.4 |
| 2040 | – | 8.57.4–10 | – | 1.60.7–2.7 |
| 2041 | – | 8.56.9–10.1 | – | 1.50.7–2.7 |
| 2042 | – | 8.36.5–9.6 | – | 1.50.4–2.7 |
| 2043 | – | 8.47–9.3 | – | 1.40.4–2.6 |
| 2044 | – | 8.46.9–10 | – | 1.81–2.7 |
| 2045 | – | 8.47.2–10.1 | – | 1.70.8–2.7 |
| 2046 | – | 8.87.6–9.9 | – | 2.11.1–2.9 |
| 2047 | – | 8.87.4–10.3 | – | 1.90.8–2.8 |
| 2048 | – | 8.87.4–10 | – | 1.71–2.9 |
| 2049 | – | 9.17.7–10.7 | – | 1.91–2.9 |
| 2050 | – | 8.77.3–10.2 | – | 2.11.1–3.2 |
| 2051 | – | 8.87.2–10.1 | – | 1.90.8–3 |
| 2052 | – | 8.87.5–10 | – | 20.7–3.1 |
| 2053 | – | 9.17.8–10.4 | – | 21.1–3 |
| 2054 | – | 8.87.5–10.8 | – | 20.9–3.4 |
| 2055 | – | 8.87.4–10.5 | – | 2.21.1–3.4 |
| 2056 | – | 9.48–10.6 | – | 2.21.4–3.2 |
| 2057 | – | 9.17.1–10.9 | – | 2.21.1–3.5 |
| 2058 | – | 8.97.7–10.7 | – | 2.11.2–3.1 |
| 2059 | – | 9.47.7–11.1 | – | 2.41.4–3.6 |
| 2060 | – | 9.18–10.8 | – | 21.1–3.7 |
| 2061 | – | 8.87.6–10.5 | – | 2.21.4–3.1 |
| 2062 | – | 9.27.6–11 | – | 2.51.2–3.7 |
| 2063 | – | 9.47.5–10.8 | – | 2.41.6–3.5 |
| 2064 | – | 97.6–10.9 | – | 2.31–3.7 |
| 2065 | – | 9.57.9–10.7 | – | 2.41.4–3.5 |
| 2066 | – | 9.28.1–10.9 | – | 2.41.6–4 |
| 2067 | – | 9.37.8–11.1 | – | 2.61.8–3.5 |
| 2068 | – | 9.37.8–11.3 | – | 2.71.6–3.9 |
| 2069 | – | 9.78–11.1 | – | 2.71.7–3.8 |
| 2070 | – | 9.37.8–11.1 | – | 2.61.6–3.5 |
| 2071 | – | 9.57.8–11.2 | – | 2.61.4–3.8 |
| 2072 | – | 9.37.9–11.5 | – | 2.41.3–4.2 |
| 2073 | – | 9.48.1–11.5 | – | 2.91.6–4.3 |
| 2074 | – | 9.88.5–11.4 | – | 2.91.8–4.5 |
| 2075 | – | 9.48.1–11.5 | – | 2.71.8–4.3 |
| 2076 | – | 9.68.1–11.1 | – | 2.41.2–4 |
| 2077 | – | 9.68.2–11.3 | – | 31.5–4.4 |
| 2078 | – | 9.58–11.4 | – | 2.81.5–4.3 |
| 2079 | – | 9.68–11.4 | – | 2.61.5–3.9 |
| 2080 | – | 9.48–11 | – | 2.71.7–4 |
| 2081 | – | 9.28.1–11.4 | – | 2.51.7–4.2 |
| 2082 | – | 9.88.3–11.2 | – | 2.91.9–3.9 |
| 2083 | – | 9.98.6–11.6 | – | 3.12.2–4.3 |
| 2084 | – | 9.98.3–11.4 | – | 3.11.9–4.1 |
| 2085 | – | 9.98.3–11.6 | – | 2.91.9–4.6 |
| 2086 | – | 108.3–11.3 | – | 2.71.3–4.4 |
| 2087 | – | 108.4–11.7 | – | 2.91.9–4.3 |
| 2088 | – | 9.78.5–11.4 | – | 2.81.7–4.5 |
| 2089 | – | 9.88.6–11.6 | – | 3.12.1–4.6 |
| 2090 | – | 9.98.5–11.9 | – | 3.21.9–4.4 |
| 2091 | – | 10.37.9–11.6 | – | 3.11.6–4.3 |
| 2092 | – | 10.28.5–11.8 | – | 3.12–4.5 |
| 2093 | – | 10.28.8–11.6 | – | 3.12.3–4.4 |
| 2094 | – | 9.98.5–12.1 | – | 3.22–4.8 |
| 2095 | – | 108.7–11.9 | – | 3.11.4–4.7 |
| 2096 | – | 108.5–12.2 | – | 3.21.9–4.6 |
| 2097 | – | 10.18.8–12 | – | 32.1–4.4 |
| 2098 | – | 10.38.2–11.9 | – | 3.52–4.8 |
| 2099 | – | 108–12.1 | – | 3.11.4–4.7 |
| 2100 | – | 108.7–11.8 | – | 3.22.1–4.6 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- The average air temperature near the ground, over the whole country and the whole year.
- Source: ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus, ECMWF) and CMIP6, via the World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal.
- The dashed line is the CMIP6 model median (SSP2-4.5, middle of the road), a scenario rather than a forecast; the band is its models’ 10th–90th percentile.
- Climate model values are the median of the CMIP6 models, run on past emissions to 2014 and on SSP2-4.5, a middle-of-the-road path, after: they are not measurements.
- Ranks count the 233 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Kazakhstan vs Tajikistan
Health
- Life expectancyKazakhstan: 74.4 years in 2023Tajikistan: 71.8 years in 2023
- Child mortalityKazakhstan: 0.9 per 100 live births in 2024Tajikistan: 2.8 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityKazakhstan: 8.1 per 1,000 live births in 2023Tajikistan: 24.5 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterKazakhstan: 89.4% in 2021Tajikistan: 55.3% in 2022
- DepressionKazakhstan: 3.51% in 2017Tajikistan: 2.56% in 2017
- Suicide rateKazakhstan: 23 per 100,000 people in 2017Tajikistan: 5.8 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationKazakhstan: 20.3 million people in 2023Tajikistan: 10.4 million people in 2023
- Population growthKazakhstan: 1.32% a year in 2023Tajikistan: 1.96% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateKazakhstan: 3.01 births per woman in 2023Tajikistan: 3.07 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationKazakhstan: 62.4% in 2025Tajikistan: 26.2% in 2025
- Median ageKazakhstan: 29.5 years in 2023Tajikistan: 21.9 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overKazakhstan: 8.3% in 2023Tajikistan: 3.7% in 2023
- Net migration rateKazakhstan: -0.2 per 1,000 people in 2023Tajikistan: -1.9 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingKazakhstan: 0.43% of GDP in 2025Tajikistan: 1.47% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsKazakhstan: $1.31B in 2025Tajikistan: $220M in 2025
- Military spending per personKazakhstan: $63 in 2025Tajikistan: $23 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingKazakhstan: 2.1% of government spending in 2025Tajikistan: 4.7% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelKazakhstan: 71,000 people in 2020Tajikistan: 17,000 people in 2020
- National powerKazakhstan: 0.27% of world capability in 2022Tajikistan: 0.05% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersKazakhstan: 0.74% of the labour force in 2020Tajikistan: 0.75% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsKazakhstan: 18 million TIV in 2025Tajikistan: 75 million TIV in 2025