Tajikistan vs Uzbekistan
Tajikistan vs Uzbekistan: Government debt
Government debt in 2025: 18.6% of GDP in Tajikistan and 28.6% of GDP in Uzbekistan, by IMF estimates. In 2025 the value was higher in Uzbekistan, by 10 percentage points, or 1.54 times that in Tajikistan.
% of GDP · IMF
What the numbers say
- Uzbekistan has been higher since 2023, when it overtook Tajikistan.
- In 2025, Tajikistan ranked 142 and Uzbekistan ranked 132 of 149 countries, counting from the highest.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Tajikistan at 22.2% of GDP and Uzbekistan at 25.1% of GDP in 2031.
Every year
% of GDP · IMF
| Year | Tajikistan | Uzbekistan |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 18.6 | 28.6 |
| 2024 | 24.9 | 30.9 |
| 2023 | 30 | 30.7 |
| 2022 | 31.8 | 29.2 |
| 2021 | 42 | 30.2 |
| 2020 | 50.9 | 31.9 |
| 2019 | 43.2 | 24.3 |
| 2018 | 46.3 | 16.7 |
| 2017 | 46.3 | 17.3 |
| 2016 | 42.2 | 7.2 |
| 2015 | 35 | 5.9 |
| 2014 | 27.9 | 5.4 |
| 2013 | 29.3 | 5.5 |
| 2012 | 32.5 | 6.1 |
| 2011 | 35.5 | 5.7 |
| 2010 | 36.8 | 5.9 |
| 2009 | 36.9 | 6.6 |
| 2008 | 30.2 | 7.5 |
| 2007 | 34.3 | 8.6 |
| 2006 | 36.8 | 12.2 |
| 2005 | 45.8 | 18.9 |
| 2004 | 49.4 | 24.2 |
| 2003 | 69.8 | 28.3 |
| 2002 | 98.3 | 37.5 |
| 2001 | 99.5 | 40.4 |
| 2000 | 111.4 | 26.5 |
| 1999 | 107.8 | 16.6 |
| 1998 | 96.6 | 16.2 |
| 1997 | – | 13.8 |
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | Tajikistan | Uzbekistan |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 18.3 | 27.6 |
| 2027 | 18.7 | 26.4 |
| 2028 | 19.7 | 25.6 |
| 2029 | 20.7 | 25 |
| 2030 | 21.5 | 25 |
| 2031 | 22.2 | 25.1 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Tajikistan vs Uzbekistan
Health
- Life expectancyTajikistan: 71.8 years in 2023Uzbekistan: 72.4 years in 2023
- Child mortalityTajikistan: 2.8 per 100 live births in 2024Uzbekistan: 1.3 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityTajikistan: 24.5 per 1,000 live births in 2023Uzbekistan: 11.1 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterTajikistan: 55.3% in 2022Uzbekistan: 79.9% in 2022
- DepressionTajikistan: 2.56% in 2017Uzbekistan: 2.89% in 2017
- Suicide rateTajikistan: 5.8 per 100,000 people in 2017Uzbekistan: 9.4 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationTajikistan: 10.4 million people in 2023Uzbekistan: 35.7 million people in 2023
- Population growthTajikistan: 1.96% a year in 2023Uzbekistan: 2.01% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateTajikistan: 3.07 births per woman in 2023Uzbekistan: 3.5 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationTajikistan: 26.2% in 2025Uzbekistan: 51% in 2025
- Median ageTajikistan: 21.9 years in 2023Uzbekistan: 26.9 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overTajikistan: 3.7% in 2023Uzbekistan: 5.7% in 2023
- Net migration rateTajikistan: -1.9 per 1,000 people in 2023Uzbekistan: -0.2 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingTajikistan: 1.47% of GDP in 2025Uzbekistan: 2.49% of GDP in 2018
- Military spending in US dollarsTajikistan: $220M in 2025Uzbekistan: $1.77B in 2018
- Military spending per personTajikistan: $23 in 2025Uzbekistan: $45 in 2018
- Military share of state spendingTajikistan: 4.7% of government spending in 2025Uzbekistan: 11.1% of government spending in 2018
- Armed forces personnelTajikistan: 17,000 people in 2020Uzbekistan: 68,000 people in 2020
- National powerTajikistan: 0.05% of world capability in 2022Uzbekistan: 0.29% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersTajikistan: 0.75% of the labour force in 2020Uzbekistan: 0.52% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsTajikistan: 75 million TIV in 2025Uzbekistan: 32 million TIV in 2025