Eswatini vs Mozambique
Eswatini vs Mozambique: Government debt
Government debt: 44.8% of GDP in Eswatini in 2025 and 90.8% of GDP in Mozambique in 2023, by IMF estimates. In 2023 the value was higher in Mozambique, by 51.4 percentage points, or 2.3 times that in Eswatini.
% of GDP · IMF
What the numbers say
- Mozambique has been higher in every year both have figures for since 1999.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Eswatini at 48% of GDP and Mozambique at 98.7% of GDP in 2031.
Every year
% of GDP · IMF
| Year | Eswatini | Mozambique |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 44.8 | 90.3 |
| 2024 | 40 | 91.2 |
| 2023 | 39.5 | 90.8 |
| 2022 | 39.5 | 97.3 |
| 2021 | 37.4 | 101.4 |
| 2020 | 37.7 | 120 |
| 2019 | 30.5 | 98.3 |
| 2018 | 26.5 | 105.5 |
| 2017 | 21.7 | 103.8 |
| 2016 | 20.1 | 124.8 |
| 2015 | 16 | 86 |
| 2014 | 14.1 | 63.4 |
| 2013 | 15.2 | 49.5 |
| 2012 | 14.8 | 36.7 |
| 2011 | 14.6 | 34.2 |
| 2010 | 14.2 | 38.6 |
| 2009 | 10.6 | 39.3 |
| 2008 | 14.6 | 32.8 |
| 2007 | 16.2 | 31.2 |
| 2006 | 14.7 | 40 |
| 2005 | 13.6 | 60.1 |
| 2004 | 15 | 50.8 |
| 2003 | 17.7 | 63.2 |
| 2002 | 17.2 | 63.4 |
| 2001 | 21.7 | 99.8 |
| 2000 | 18.2 | 95.8 |
| 1999 | 16.7 | 94.7 |
| 1998 | 15.6 | – |
| 1997 | 12.7 | – |
| 1996 | 11.5 | – |
| 1995 | 12.5 | – |
| 1994 | 13.1 | – |
| 1993 | 15 | – |
- 12.3Projected
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | Eswatini | Mozambique |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 52.5 | 91 |
| 2027 | 54.4 | 98.6 |
| 2028 | 54.3 | 104.8 |
| 2029 | 53.7 | 109.8 |
| 2030 | 51.3 | 108.8 |
| 2031 | 48 | 98.7 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Eswatini vs Mozambique
Health
- Life expectancyEswatini: 64.1 years in 2023Mozambique: 63.6 years in 2023
- Child mortalityEswatini: 4.5 per 100 live births in 2024Mozambique: 5.9 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityEswatini: 37.6 per 1,000 live births in 2023Mozambique: 49.7 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionEswatini: 4.07% in 2017Mozambique: 3.9% in 2017
- Suicide rateEswatini: 22.3 per 100,000 people in 2017Mozambique: 17.2 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationEswatini: 1.23 million people in 2023Mozambique: 33.6 million people in 2023
- Population growthEswatini: 0.94% a year in 2023Mozambique: 2.94% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateEswatini: 2.75 births per woman in 2023Mozambique: 4.76 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationEswatini: 26.7% in 2025Mozambique: 37.2% in 2025
- Median ageEswatini: 22 years in 2023Mozambique: 16.3 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overEswatini: 4.1% in 2023Mozambique: 2.8% in 2023
- Net migration rateEswatini: -6.9 per 1,000 people in 2023Mozambique: -1.1 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingEswatini: 1.6% of GDP in 2025Mozambique: 1.87% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsEswatini: $88.1M in 2025Mozambique: $446M in 2025
- Military spending per personEswatini: $75 in 2025Mozambique: $13 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingEswatini: 5.2% of government spending in 2025Mozambique: 6% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelEswatini: 3,000 people in 1999Mozambique: 11,000 people in 2020
- National powerEswatini: 0.01% of world capability in 2022Mozambique: 0.13% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersEswatini: 0.98% of the labour force in 1999Mozambique: 0.08% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsEswatini: 2 million TIV in 2020Mozambique: 14 million TIV in 2025