Bosnia & Herzegovina vs Montenegro: Government debt

Government debt in 2025: 28.8% of GDP in Bosnia & Herzegovina and 63.5% of GDP in Montenegro, by IMF estimates. In 2025 the value was higher in Montenegro, by 34.7 percentage points, or 2.21 times that in Bosnia & Herzegovina.

Watch it change on the map

% of GDP · IMF

Bosnia & HerzegovinaMontenegroIMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026)

What the numbers say

Montenegro has been higher since 2011, when it overtook Bosnia & Herzegovina.
In 2025, Bosnia & Herzegovina ranked 131 and Montenegro ranked 50 of 149 countries, counting from the highest.
The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Bosnia & Herzegovina at 43.6% of GDP and Montenegro at 64.9% of GDP in 2031.

Every year

% of GDP · IMF

Year	Bosnia & Herzegovina	Montenegro
2025	28.8	63.5
2024	28.9	59.8
2023	29.1	58.4
2022	31.3	69
2021	36.2	84.6
2020	37.2	106.4
2019	33.5	77.4
2018	35.1	71
2017	39.4	64.9
2016	44.9	64.7
2015	46.4	67.4
2014	47.1	60.1
2013	43.8	55.7
2012	43.6	53.6
2011	40.9	45.9
2010	42.2	42
2009	36.4	40.7
2008	30.3	31.2
2007	18.2	28.3
2006	20.6	32.4
2005	24.9	38.6
2004	25.5	45.4
2003	27.6	48.7
2002	31.1	85.7
2001	35.1	–
2000	34.6	–
1999	56	–
1998	54.4	–

IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031

Year	Bosnia & Herzegovina	Montenegro
2026	31.4	66.8
2027	33.7	61.1
2028	36.2	61.8
2029	38.9	62.5
2030	41	63.7
2031	43.6	64.9

Each country on its own

Good to know

What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.

How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time