Bulgaria vs Romania
Bulgaria vs Romania: Armed forces, share of workers
Armed forces, share of workers in 2020: 1.18% of the labour force in Bulgaria and 1.52% of the labour force in Romania, by IISS estimates. In 2020 the value was higher in Romania, by 0.34 percentage points, or 1.29 times that in Bulgaria.
% of the labour force · IISS
What the numbers say
- Romania has been higher since 2011, when it overtook Bulgaria.
- In 2020, Bulgaria ranked 55 and Romania ranked 41 of 168 countries, counting from the highest.
- The world as a whole: 0.79% of the labour force in 2020.
Every year
% of the labour force · IISS
| Year | Bulgaria | Romania | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 1.18 | 1.52 | 0.79 |
| 2019 | 1.15 | 1.49 | 0.79 |
| 2018 | 1.16 | 1.49 | 0.8 |
| 2017 | 0.96 | 1.47 | 0.8 |
| 2016 | 0.99 | 1.76 | 0.81 |
| 2015 | 1.45 | 1.76 | 0.82 |
| 2014 | 1.44 | 1.78 | 0.82 |
| 2013 | 1.42 | 1.79 | 0.83 |
| 2012 | 1.41 | 1.79 | 0.87 |
| 2011 | 1.42 | 1.79 | 0.88 |
| 2010 | 1.91 | 1.79 | 0.89 |
| 2009 | 1.87 | 1.87 | 0.89 |
| 2008 | 2.11 | 1.73 | 0.89 |
| 2007 | 2.14 | 1.71 | 0.89 |
| 2006 | 2.19 | 1.71 | 0.95 |
| 2005 | 2.56 | 1.96 | 0.96 |
| 2004 | 2.52 | 1.94 | 0.94 |
| 2003 | 2.55 | 1.95 | 0.98 |
| 2002 | 3.01 | 1.97 | 1 |
| 2001 | 3.19 | 1.94 | 1.01 |
| 2000 | 3.31 | 3.03 | 1.07 |
| 1999 | 3.32 | 3.05 | 1.09 |
| 1998 | 3.95 | 3.2 | 1.13 |
| 1997 | 3.93 | 3.34 | 1.15 |
| 1996 | 4.03 | 3.38 | 1.18 |
| 1995 | 3.97 | 3.26 | 1.2 |
| 1994 | 2.33 | 2.2 | 0.94 |
| 1993 | 1.52 | 2.21 | 0.98 |
| 1992 | 2.87 | 1.91 | 1.03 |
| 1991 | 3.08 | 2.25 | 1.03 |
| 1990 | 3.7 | 1.41 | 1.11 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- Active-duty military personnel as a share of everyone working or looking for work, by the IISS Military Balance.
- Source: IISS, The Military Balance, via the World Bank.
- Ranks count the 168 countries with a value in 2020, highest first.
- The faint line is the world as a whole, as the same source counts it.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Bulgaria vs Romania
Health
- Life expectancyBulgaria: 75.6 years in 2023Romania: 75.9 years in 2023
- Child mortalityBulgaria: 0.6 per 100 live births in 2024Romania: 0.7 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityBulgaria: 4.7 per 1,000 live births in 2023Romania: 4.8 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterBulgaria: 95.7% in 2022Romania: 82.1% in 2022
- DepressionBulgaria: 2.54% in 2017Romania: 2.36% in 2017
- Suicide rateBulgaria: 9.5 per 100,000 people in 2017Romania: 9.2 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationBulgaria: 6.8 million people in 2023Romania: 19.1 million people in 2023
- Population growthBulgaria: -0.52% a year in 2023Romania: -0.53% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateBulgaria: 1.75 births per woman in 2023Romania: 1.71 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationBulgaria: 74.2% in 2025Romania: 52.2% in 2025
- Median ageBulgaria: 44.3 years in 2023Romania: 42.6 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overBulgaria: 21.8% in 2023Romania: 19.8% in 2023
- Net migration rateBulgaria: 0.8 per 1,000 people in 2023Romania: -1.5 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingBulgaria: 2.01% of GDP in 2025Romania: 2.28% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsBulgaria: $2.4B in 2025Romania: $8.81B in 2025
- Military spending per personBulgaria: $384 in 2025Romania: $513 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingBulgaria: 5.2% of government spending in 2025Romania: 5.6% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelBulgaria: 37,000 people in 2020Romania: 128,000 people in 2020
- National powerBulgaria: 0.09% of world capability in 2022Romania: 0.23% of world capability in 2022
- Arms importsBulgaria: 540 million TIV in 2025Romania: 421 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsBulgaria: 33 million TIV in 2024Romania: 132 million TIV in 2025