Estonia vs Russia
Estonia vs Russia: Life expectancy
Life expectancy in 2023: 79.2 years in Estonia and 73.2 years in Russia, by UN estimates. In 2023 the value was higher in Estonia, by 6 years, or 1.08 times that in Russia.
years · UN
What the numbers say
- Estonia has been higher in every year both have figures for since 1950.
- In 2023, Estonia ranked 61 and Russia ranked 131 of 229 countries, counting from the highest.
- The UN projection (medium variant) puts Estonia at 89.2 years and Russia at 85 years in 2100.
- The world as a whole: 73.2 years in 2023.
Every year
years · UN
| Year | Estonia | Russia | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 79.2 | 73.2 | 73.2 |
| 2022 | 78.2 | 72.5 | 72.6 |
| 2021 | 77.4 | 69.8 | 70.9 |
| 2020 | 78.9 | 71.2 | 71.9 |
| 2019 | 78.8 | 73.1 | 72.6 |
| 2018 | 78.3 | 72.9 | 72.4 |
| 2017 | 78.2 | 72.8 | 72.1 |
| 2016 | 77.8 | 71.9 | 71.9 |
| 2015 | 77.7 | 71.3 | 71.6 |
| 2014 | 77.1 | 70.8 | 71.4 |
| 2013 | 77.3 | 70.6 | 71.1 |
| 2012 | 76.4 | 70.1 | 70.8 |
| 2011 | 76.4 | 69.7 | 70.4 |
| 2010 | 75.9 | 68.2 | 70.1 |
| 2009 | 75.2 | 68.7 | 69.7 |
| 2008 | 74.3 | 67.9 | 69.3 |
| 2007 | 73.2 | 67.5 | 69 |
| 2006 | 73.2 | 66.6 | 68.6 |
| 2005 | 73 | 65.2 | 68.1 |
| 2004 | 72.4 | 65.2 | 67.7 |
| 2003 | 71.9 | 64.7 | 67.4 |
| 2002 | 71.4 | 64.7 | 67.1 |
| 2001 | 70.8 | 65 | 66.8 |
| 2000 | 71 | 65 | 66.4 |
| 1999 | 70.7 | 65.6 | 66 |
| 1998 | 69.8 | 66.9 | 65.7 |
| 1997 | 70.2 | 66.6 | 65.5 |
| 1996 | 70 | 65.5 | 65.2 |
| 1995 | 67.8 | 64 | 64.9 |
| 1994 | 66.7 | 63.8 | 64.3 |
| 1993 | 68.2 | 65 | 64.4 |
| 1992 | 69.2 | 67.8 | 64.3 |
| 1991 | 69.8 | 69 | 64.1 |
| 1990 | 69.9 | 69.3 | 64 |
| 1989 | 70.5 | 69.7 | 63.8 |
| 1988 | 71 | 69.9 | 63.4 |
| 1987 | 70.9 | 70.1 | 63.2 |
| 1986 | 70.9 | 70 | 62.7 |
| 1985 | 69.8 | 68.3 | 62.2 |
| 1984 | 69.6 | 67.6 | 61.9 |
| 1983 | 69.8 | 68 | 61.5 |
| 1982 | 69.9 | 68.1 | 61.3 |
| 1981 | 69.3 | 67.6 | 60.9 |
| 1980 | 69.5 | 67.5 | 60.5 |
| 1979 | 69.4 | 67.6 | 60.2 |
| 1978 | 69.7 | 67.8 | 59.5 |
| 1977 | 69.8 | 67.9 | 59.2 |
| 1976 | 69.7 | 68.1 | 58.6 |
| 1975 | 70.1 | 68.3 | 58.3 |
| 1974 | 70.8 | 68.7 | 58.1 |
| 1973 | 70.7 | 69 | 57.7 |
| 1972 | 70.4 | 68.9 | 57.2 |
| 1971 | 70.6 | 68.9 | 56 |
| 1970 | 70.4 | 68.7 | 56.3 |
| 1969 | 70.3 | 68.6 | 56 |
| 1968 | 70.6 | 69.1 | 55.6 |
| 1967 | 71 | 69.2 | 55.1 |
| 1966 | 70.7 | 69.4 | 54.6 |
| 1965 | 70.7 | 69.3 | 54 |
| 1964 | 70.7 | 69.5 | 54.3 |
| 1963 | 69.9 | 69.1 | 53.7 |
| 1962 | 69.8 | 68.5 | 53.2 |
| 1961 | 69.6 | 68.6 | 50.4 |
| 1960 | 69.3 | 68.3 | 47.8 |
| 1959 | 68.7 | 67.4 | 49.6 |
| 1958 | 68.8 | 67.7 | 51.6 |
| 1957 | 68.8 | 66.1 | 51.1 |
| 1956 | 68.5 | 66.5 | 50.7 |
| 1955 | 68.2 | 62.1 | 50.2 |
| 1954 | 67.8 | 59.9 | 49.7 |
| 1953 | 67.5 | 58.8 | 48.8 |
| 1952 | 67.2 | 57.6 | 48.2 |
| 1951 | 66.8 | 55.3 | 47.1 |
| 1950 | 66.4 | 55.5 | 46.4 |
| 1949 | – | 55 | – |
| 1948 | – | 52.2 | – |
| 1947 | – | 40.4 | – |
| 1946 | – | 46.1 | – |
| 1940 | – | 41.2 | – |
| 1939 | – | 43.6 | – |
| 1938 | – | 41.4 | – |
| 1937 | – | 39.9 | – |
| 1936 | – | 41.1 | – |
| 1935 | 56.3 | 39.6 | – |
| 1934 | – | 38.2 | – |
| 1932 | – | 32.8 | – |
| 1931 | – | 35 | – |
| 1930 | – | 36.5 | – |
| 1929 | – | 37.4 | – |
| 1928 | – | 38.9 | – |
| 1927 | – | 37.5 | – |
| 1926 | – | 38.4 | – |
| 1925 | – | 35.2 | – |
| 1924 | – | 36.1 | – |
| 1923 | – | 33.6 | – |
| 1922 | 51.7 | 24.7 | – |
| 1921 | – | 23.8 | – |
| 1920 | – | 20.5 | – |
| 1900 | 43.1 | 30.5 | – |
| 1897 | 43 | – | – |
| 1896 | – | 31.9 | – |
- 12.3Estimates, Our World in Data
UN projection (medium variant) · 2024–2100
| Year | Estonia | Russia | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 79.378.4–80.3 | 73.372.2–74.5 | 73.3 |
| 2025 | 79.578.1–80.7 | 73.571.9–75 | 73.5 |
| 2026 | 79.677.9–81.2 | 73.771.7–75.7 | 73.8 |
| 2027 | 79.877.8–81.5 | 73.971.5–76.1 | 73.9 |
| 2028 | 8077.8–82 | 74.171.3–76.4 | 74.1 |
| 2029 | 80.177.9–82.3 | 74.271.4–76.8 | 74.2 |
| 2030 | 80.377.8–82.6 | 74.471.2–77.2 | 74.4 |
| 2031 | 80.477.7–82.9 | 74.671.2–77.5 | 74.5 |
| 2032 | 80.677.9–83.3 | 74.871.2–77.9 | 74.7 |
| 2033 | 80.877.8–83.5 | 7571.1–78.1 | 74.8 |
| 2034 | 80.977.7–83.7 | 75.171.2–78.6 | 75 |
| 2035 | 81.177.6–83.9 | 75.371.5–78.9 | 75.1 |
| 2036 | 81.277.5–84.2 | 75.571.4–79.3 | 75.3 |
| 2037 | 81.477.7–84.6 | 75.771.3–79.6 | 75.4 |
| 2038 | 81.577.8–84.8 | 75.971.2–79.8 | 75.5 |
| 2039 | 81.777.8–85.1 | 7671.3–80 | 75.7 |
| 2040 | 81.877.8–85.3 | 76.271.5–80.4 | 75.8 |
| 2041 | 8277.8–85.6 | 76.471.4–80.7 | 75.9 |
| 2042 | 82.177.9–85.7 | 76.671.5–80.8 | 76.1 |
| 2043 | 82.378.1–86 | 76.771.5–81.1 | 76.2 |
| 2044 | 82.478.2–86.2 | 76.971.6–81.4 | 76.3 |
| 2045 | 82.578.3–86.5 | 77.171.9–81.7 | 76.5 |
| 2046 | 82.778.5–86.7 | 77.371.8–81.9 | 76.6 |
| 2047 | 82.878.4–86.9 | 77.472–82.2 | 76.7 |
| 2048 | 82.978.6–87 | 77.671.8–82.1 | 76.8 |
| 2049 | 83.178.6–87.2 | 77.871.8–82.4 | 76.9 |
| 2050 | 83.278.8–87.5 | 77.971.9–82.6 | 77 |
| 2051 | 83.378.8–87.7 | 78.172–82.8 | 77.1 |
| 2052 | 83.578.9–87.9 | 78.372.1–83.1 | 77.2 |
| 2053 | 83.679.1–88 | 78.472.1–83.2 | 77.3 |
| 2054 | 83.779.3–88.3 | 78.672.2–83.7 | 77.4 |
| 2055 | 83.979.4–88.5 | 78.872.2–83.8 | 77.6 |
| 2056 | 8479.4–88.6 | 78.972.4–84 | 77.7 |
| 2057 | 84.179.5–88.9 | 79.172.4–84.5 | 77.8 |
| 2058 | 84.379.6–89.1 | 79.272.4–84.4 | 77.9 |
| 2059 | 84.479.5–89.2 | 79.472.5–84.7 | 78 |
| 2060 | 84.579.7–89.5 | 79.672.5–84.8 | 78.1 |
| 2061 | 84.679.8–89.5 | 79.772.6–85 | 78.2 |
| 2062 | 84.879.8–89.6 | 79.972.7–85.3 | 78.3 |
| 2063 | 84.979.9–89.8 | 8072.9–85.6 | 78.4 |
| 2064 | 8580–90.3 | 80.272.9–85.7 | 78.5 |
| 2065 | 85.179.9–90.5 | 80.373.1–85.7 | 78.6 |
| 2066 | 85.380.2–90.7 | 80.573.1–86.1 | 78.7 |
| 2067 | 85.480–90.8 | 80.673–86.3 | 78.8 |
| 2068 | 85.579.9–90.9 | 80.873–86.3 | 78.9 |
| 2069 | 85.680–91.2 | 80.973.3–86.5 | 79 |
| 2070 | 85.780.1–91.4 | 81.173.4–86.8 | 79.1 |
| 2071 | 85.880.3–91.6 | 81.273.5–86.9 | 79.2 |
| 2072 | 8680.4–91.9 | 81.473.5–87 | 79.3 |
| 2073 | 86.180.4–92 | 81.573.7–87.2 | 79.4 |
| 2074 | 86.280.5–92.2 | 81.673.7–87.4 | 79.4 |
| 2075 | 86.380.8–92.3 | 81.874–87.5 | 79.5 |
| 2076 | 86.580.7–92.5 | 81.974.1–87.7 | 79.6 |
| 2077 | 86.680.7–92.6 | 8274.2–87.9 | 79.7 |
| 2078 | 86.780.8–93 | 82.274.3–88 | 79.8 |
| 2079 | 86.880.9–93.1 | 82.374.5–88.1 | 79.9 |
| 2080 | 86.981–93.2 | 82.474.5–88.4 | 80 |
| 2081 | 8781–93.6 | 82.674.6–88.5 | 80.1 |
| 2082 | 87.281.2–93.7 | 82.774.6–88.7 | 80.2 |
| 2083 | 87.381.3–93.8 | 82.874.9–88.9 | 80.3 |
| 2084 | 87.481.4–94 | 8375.2–89.1 | 80.3 |
| 2085 | 87.581.5–94.2 | 83.175.3–89.3 | 80.4 |
| 2086 | 87.681.5–94.4 | 83.275.2–89.4 | 80.5 |
| 2087 | 87.881.6–94.8 | 83.475.5–89.4 | 80.6 |
| 2088 | 87.981.5–94.6 | 83.575.6–89.9 | 80.7 |
| 2089 | 8881.7–95.2 | 83.675.7–90 | 80.8 |
| 2090 | 88.181.7–95.3 | 83.875.9–90.2 | 80.9 |
| 2091 | 88.281.6–95.5 | 83.975.8–90.4 | 81 |
| 2092 | 88.381.5–95.6 | 8476–90.6 | 81 |
| 2093 | 88.481.8–95.8 | 84.176.2–90.6 | 81.1 |
| 2094 | 88.581.8–96.1 | 84.376.3–90.8 | 81.2 |
| 2095 | 88.781.8–96.3 | 84.476.3–90.9 | 81.3 |
| 2096 | 88.882–96.6 | 84.576.3–91.2 | 81.4 |
| 2097 | 88.982.1–96.7 | 84.676.6–91.4 | 81.5 |
| 2098 | 8982–96.8 | 84.776.6–91.6 | 81.6 |
| 2099 | 89.182.3–97 | 84.977–91.7 | 81.7 |
| 2100 | 89.282.4–97.1 | 8577.1–92.1 | 81.7 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- How long a newborn would live on average if the year’s death rates held all its life.
- Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024.
- Before 1950: Our World in Data, long-run life expectancy.
- The dashed line is the UN projection (medium variant), a scenario rather than a forecast; the band is its 95% prediction interval.
- Ranks count the 229 countries with a value in 2023, highest first.
- The faint line is the world as a whole, as the same source counts it.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Estonia vs Russia
Health
- Child mortalityEstonia: 0.2 per 100 live births in 2024Russia: 0.5 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityEstonia: 1.4 per 1,000 live births in 2023Russia: 3.5 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterEstonia: 97% in 2022Russia: 76.2% in 2022
- DepressionEstonia: 3.85% in 2017Russia: 3.71% in 2017
- Suicide rateEstonia: 12.7 per 100,000 people in 2017Russia: 25.1 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationEstonia: 1.37 million people in 2023Russia: 145 million people in 2023
- Population growthEstonia: 0% a year in 2023Russia: -0.32% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateEstonia: 1.35 births per woman in 2023Russia: 1.45 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationEstonia: 70.7% in 2025Russia: 75.3% in 2025
- Median ageEstonia: 41.9 years in 2023Russia: 39.5 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overEstonia: 20.9% in 2023Russia: 16.6% in 2023
- Net migration rateEstonia: 4.2 per 1,000 people in 2023Russia: 0.2 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingEstonia: 3.37% of GDP in 2025Russia: 7.5% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsEstonia: $1.44B in 2025Russia: $158B in 2025
- Military spending per personEstonia: $1,164 in 2025Russia: $1,318 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingEstonia: 7.5% of government spending in 2025Russia: 19.8% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelEstonia: 7,000 people in 2020Russia: 1.45 million people in 2020
- National powerEstonia: 0.02% of world capability in 2022Russia: 3.82% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersEstonia: 1% of the labour force in 2020Russia: 1.98% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsEstonia: 204 million TIV in 2025Russia: 129 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsEstonia: 2 million TIV in 2024Russia: 1.94 billion TIV in 2025