Estonia vs Russia
Estonia vs Russia: People aged 65 and over
People aged 65 and over in 2023: 20.9% in Estonia and 16.6% in Russia, by UN estimates. In 2023 the value was higher in Estonia, by 4.3 percentage points, or 1.26 times that in Russia.
% of people · UN
What the numbers say
- Estonia has been higher in every year both have figures for since 1950.
- The UN projection (medium variant) puts Estonia at 35.3% and Russia at 26.7% in 2100.
- The world as a whole: 10% in 2023.
Every year
% of people · UN
| Year | Estonia | Russia | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 20.9 | 16.6 | 10 |
| 2022 | 20.6 | 16.1 | 9.8 |
| 2021 | 20.4 | 15.7 | 9.5 |
| 2020 | 20.2 | 15.5 | 9.3 |
| 2019 | 19.9 | 15.1 | 9.1 |
| 2018 | 19.7 | 14.6 | 8.9 |
| 2017 | 19.5 | 14.2 | 8.7 |
| 2016 | 19.2 | 13.9 | 8.5 |
| 2015 | 18.9 | 13.5 | 8.3 |
| 2014 | 18.6 | 13.2 | 8.1 |
| 2013 | 18.2 | 12.9 | 7.9 |
| 2012 | 17.9 | 12.7 | 7.8 |
| 2011 | 17.6 | 12.6 | 7.7 |
| 2010 | 17.4 | 12.7 | 7.6 |
| 2009 | 17.4 | 13.1 | 7.5 |
| 2008 | 17.4 | 13.5 | 7.5 |
| 2007 | 17.4 | 13.9 | 7.4 |
| 2006 | 17.1 | 13.9 | 7.3 |
| 2005 | 16.7 | 13.7 | 7.3 |
| 2004 | 16.4 | 13.5 | 7.2 |
| 2003 | 16 | 13.1 | 7.1 |
| 2002 | 15.7 | 12.8 | 7 |
| 2001 | 15.3 | 12.5 | 6.9 |
| 2000 | 15 | 12.3 | 6.8 |
| 1999 | 14.8 | 12.3 | 6.8 |
| 1998 | 14.6 | 12.4 | 6.7 |
| 1997 | 14.3 | 12.3 | 6.6 |
| 1996 | 13.9 | 12.1 | 6.5 |
| 1995 | 13.5 | 11.9 | 6.5 |
| 1994 | 13.1 | 11.6 | 6.4 |
| 1993 | 12.7 | 11.3 | 6.3 |
| 1992 | 12.2 | 10.8 | 6.2 |
| 1991 | 11.8 | 10.4 | 6.1 |
| 1990 | 11.6 | 10 | 6.1 |
| 1989 | 11.5 | 9.7 | 6 |
| 1988 | 11.4 | 9.5 | 6 |
| 1987 | 11.3 | 9.5 | 5.9 |
| 1986 | 11.3 | 9.5 | 5.9 |
| 1985 | 11.4 | 9.6 | 5.8 |
| 1984 | 11.6 | 9.7 | 5.8 |
| 1983 | 11.8 | 9.8 | 5.8 |
| 1982 | 12 | 9.9 | 5.8 |
| 1981 | 12.3 | 10.1 | 5.8 |
| 1980 | 12.5 | 10.2 | 5.8 |
| 1979 | 12.5 | 10 | 5.8 |
| 1978 | 12.5 | 9.8 | 5.7 |
| 1977 | 12.5 | 9.5 | 5.6 |
| 1976 | 12.4 | 9.2 | 5.6 |
| 1975 | 12.3 | 8.9 | 5.5 |
| 1974 | 12.2 | 8.7 | 5.5 |
| 1973 | 12.1 | 8.4 | 5.4 |
| 1972 | 12 | 8.1 | 5.4 |
| 1971 | 11.9 | 7.9 | 5.3 |
| 1970 | 11.8 | 7.7 | 5.3 |
| 1969 | 11.7 | 7.5 | 5.2 |
| 1968 | 11.5 | 7.2 | 5.2 |
| 1967 | 11.4 | 7 | 5.2 |
| 1966 | 11.2 | 6.8 | 5.1 |
| 1965 | 11.1 | 6.6 | 5.1 |
| 1964 | 10.9 | 6.4 | 5 |
| 1963 | 10.8 | 6.3 | 5 |
| 1962 | 10.8 | 6.2 | 5 |
| 1961 | 10.8 | 6.1 | 5 |
| 1960 | 10.7 | 6 | 5 |
| 1959 | 10.7 | 5.9 | 5 |
| 1958 | 10.4 | 5.7 | 5 |
| 1957 | 10.1 | 5.6 | 5 |
| 1956 | 10.1 | 5.5 | 5 |
| 1955 | 10.2 | 5.4 | 5 |
| 1954 | 10.2 | 5.4 | 5 |
| 1953 | 10.3 | 5.3 | 5 |
| 1952 | 10.4 | 5.2 | 5 |
| 1951 | 10.5 | 5.2 | 5 |
| 1950 | 10.6 | 5.1 | 5.1 |
UN projection (medium variant) · 2024–2100
| Year | Estonia | Russia | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 21.3 | 17.2 | 10.2 |
| 2025 | 21.8 | 17.8 | 10.4 |
| 2026 | 22.3 | 18.4 | 10.6 |
| 2027 | 22.6 | 18.8 | 10.8 |
| 2028 | 23 | 19.2 | 11.1 |
| 2029 | 23.2 | 19.5 | 11.5 |
| 2030 | 23.5 | 19.8 | 11.8 |
| 2031 | 23.7 | 20 | 12 |
| 2032 | 24 | 20.1 | 12.3 |
| 2033 | 24.2 | 20.2 | 12.6 |
| 2034 | 24.5 | 20.3 | 12.8 |
| 2035 | 24.8 | 20.4 | 13.1 |
| 2036 | 25.2 | 20.6 | 13.4 |
| 2037 | 25.6 | 20.8 | 13.7 |
| 2038 | 25.9 | 20.9 | 13.9 |
| 2039 | 26.2 | 21.1 | 14.1 |
| 2040 | 26.5 | 21.3 | 14.3 |
| 2041 | 26.8 | 21.5 | 14.5 |
| 2042 | 27.1 | 21.7 | 14.7 |
| 2043 | 27.4 | 21.9 | 14.9 |
| 2044 | 27.7 | 22.1 | 15 |
| 2045 | 28 | 22.4 | 15.2 |
| 2046 | 28.3 | 22.6 | 15.4 |
| 2047 | 28.6 | 22.8 | 15.7 |
| 2048 | 29 | 23.1 | 15.9 |
| 2049 | 29.4 | 23.5 | 16.1 |
| 2050 | 29.8 | 23.8 | 16.3 |
| 2051 | 30.2 | 24.3 | 16.6 |
| 2052 | 30.7 | 24.7 | 16.8 |
| 2053 | 31.2 | 25.1 | 17.1 |
| 2054 | 31.8 | 25.5 | 17.3 |
| 2055 | 32.3 | 25.8 | 17.6 |
| 2056 | 32.6 | 26 | 17.8 |
| 2057 | 32.9 | 26.1 | 18 |
| 2058 | 33 | 26 | 18.2 |
| 2059 | 33.1 | 25.9 | 18.4 |
| 2060 | 33.1 | 25.7 | 18.5 |
| 2061 | 33 | 25.5 | 18.7 |
| 2062 | 32.9 | 25.3 | 18.8 |
| 2063 | 32.8 | 25 | 19 |
| 2064 | 32.6 | 24.7 | 19.1 |
| 2065 | 32.5 | 24.4 | 19.3 |
| 2066 | 32.4 | 24.2 | 19.4 |
| 2067 | 32.2 | 24 | 19.6 |
| 2068 | 32.1 | 23.8 | 19.7 |
| 2069 | 32.1 | 23.7 | 19.9 |
| 2070 | 32.1 | 23.7 | 20 |
| 2071 | 32.2 | 23.6 | 20.2 |
| 2072 | 32.3 | 23.6 | 20.3 |
| 2073 | 32.5 | 23.7 | 20.5 |
| 2074 | 32.8 | 23.8 | 20.7 |
| 2075 | 33 | 23.9 | 20.9 |
| 2076 | 33.3 | 24 | 21.1 |
| 2077 | 33.4 | 24.3 | 21.3 |
| 2078 | 33.6 | 24.6 | 21.5 |
| 2079 | 33.7 | 24.9 | 21.7 |
| 2080 | 33.9 | 25.2 | 21.9 |
| 2081 | 34.1 | 25.6 | 22.1 |
| 2082 | 34.3 | 25.9 | 22.3 |
| 2083 | 34.6 | 26.1 | 22.4 |
| 2084 | 34.9 | 26.2 | 22.6 |
| 2085 | 35.1 | 26.3 | 22.7 |
| 2086 | 35.3 | 26.4 | 22.8 |
| 2087 | 35.5 | 26.5 | 22.9 |
| 2088 | 35.5 | 26.5 | 22.9 |
| 2089 | 35.5 | 26.6 | 23 |
| 2090 | 35.5 | 26.6 | 23.1 |
| 2091 | 35.5 | 26.6 | 23.2 |
| 2092 | 35.4 | 26.6 | 23.3 |
| 2093 | 35.4 | 26.6 | 23.3 |
| 2094 | 35.4 | 26.6 | 23.4 |
| 2095 | 35.4 | 26.6 | 23.5 |
| 2096 | 35.4 | 26.6 | 23.6 |
| 2097 | 35.3 | 26.6 | 23.7 |
| 2098 | 35.3 | 26.6 | 23.7 |
| 2099 | 35.3 | 26.6 | 23.8 |
| 2100 | 35.3 | 26.7 | 23.9 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- The share of the population aged 65 or older.
- Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024.
- The dashed line is the UN projection (medium variant), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 229 countries with a value in 2023, highest first.
- The faint line is the world as a whole, as the same source counts it.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Estonia vs Russia
Health
- Life expectancyEstonia: 79.2 years in 2023Russia: 73.2 years in 2023
- Child mortalityEstonia: 0.2 per 100 live births in 2024Russia: 0.5 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityEstonia: 1.4 per 1,000 live births in 2023Russia: 3.5 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterEstonia: 97% in 2022Russia: 76.2% in 2022
- DepressionEstonia: 3.85% in 2017Russia: 3.71% in 2017
- Suicide rateEstonia: 12.7 per 100,000 people in 2017Russia: 25.1 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationEstonia: 1.37 million people in 2023Russia: 145 million people in 2023
- Population growthEstonia: 0% a year in 2023Russia: -0.32% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateEstonia: 1.35 births per woman in 2023Russia: 1.45 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationEstonia: 70.7% in 2025Russia: 75.3% in 2025
- Median ageEstonia: 41.9 years in 2023Russia: 39.5 years in 2023
- Net migration rateEstonia: 4.2 per 1,000 people in 2023Russia: 0.2 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingEstonia: 3.37% of GDP in 2025Russia: 7.5% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsEstonia: $1.44B in 2025Russia: $158B in 2025
- Military spending per personEstonia: $1,164 in 2025Russia: $1,318 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingEstonia: 7.5% of government spending in 2025Russia: 19.8% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelEstonia: 7,000 people in 2020Russia: 1.45 million people in 2020
- National powerEstonia: 0.02% of world capability in 2022Russia: 3.82% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersEstonia: 1% of the labour force in 2020Russia: 1.98% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsEstonia: 204 million TIV in 2025Russia: 129 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsEstonia: 2 million TIV in 2024Russia: 1.94 billion TIV in 2025