Japan vs Spain
Japan vs Spain: Net migration rate
Net migration rate in 2023: 1.4 per 1,000 people in Japan and 2.5 per 1,000 people in Spain, by UN estimates. In 2023 the value was higher in Spain, by 1.1 per 1,000 people, or 1.77 times that in Japan.
per 1,000 people · UN
What the numbers say
- Spain has been higher since 2017, when it overtook Japan.
- In 2023, Japan ranked 75 and Spain ranked 64 of 229 countries, counting from the highest.
- The UN projection (medium variant) puts Japan at 1 per 1,000 people and Spain at 0.9 per 1,000 people in 2100.
Every year
per 1,000 people · UN
| Year | Japan | Spain |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 1.4 | 2.5 |
| 2022 | 1.4 | 6.3 |
| 2021 | -0.3 | 3 |
| 2020 | 0.3 | 5 |
| 2019 | 2.5 | 9.8 |
| 2018 | 2.5 | 7.2 |
| 2017 | 2.5 | 4.3 |
| 2016 | 2.5 | 2.3 |
| 2015 | 1.3 | -0 |
| 2014 | 0.5 | -2.1 |
| 2013 | 0.5 | -5.4 |
| 2012 | 0.5 | -3.3 |
| 2011 | 0.8 | 1.3 |
| 2010 | 1 | 1.5 |
| 2009 | 1 | 2.8 |
| 2008 | 1.1 | 9.4 |
| 2007 | 1.1 | 17 |
| 2006 | 1 | 14.8 |
| 2005 | 0.9 | 14.3 |
| 2004 | 0.5 | 15.3 |
| 2003 | 0.6 | 15.5 |
| 2002 | 0.5 | 17.7 |
| 2001 | 0.5 | 4.4 |
| 2000 | 0.2 | 4.3 |
| 1999 | 0.4 | 4.4 |
| 1998 | 0.4 | 4.5 |
| 1997 | 0.3 | 4.1 |
| 1996 | 0.2 | 4 |
| 1995 | 0.7 | 4.1 |
| 1994 | 1.2 | 4 |
| 1993 | 1.4 | 4.1 |
| 1992 | 1.4 | 4.5 |
| 1991 | 1.3 | 3.1 |
| 1990 | 1 | -0.8 |
| 1989 | 0.3 | -0.7 |
| 1988 | 0.4 | -0.5 |
| 1987 | 0.2 | -0.3 |
| 1986 | 0.2 | -0.4 |
| 1985 | -1.2 | -0 |
| 1984 | -2.3 | 0.1 |
| 1983 | -2.2 | 0 |
| 1982 | -2.4 | -0.2 |
| 1981 | -2.3 | 0.1 |
| 1980 | -0.8 | 0.5 |
| 1979 | -0.5 | -0.2 |
| 1978 | -0.4 | -0.1 |
| 1977 | -0.4 | -0 |
| 1976 | -0.3 | 0.1 |
| 1975 | 0 | -0 |
| 1974 | -0.1 | 3 |
| 1973 | -0.3 | 0.2 |
| 1972 | -0.7 | 0.2 |
| 1971 | -1 | 0.2 |
| 1970 | 0.3 | -1.8 |
| 1969 | 0.5 | -1.5 |
| 1968 | 0.4 | -1.4 |
| 1967 | 0.3 | -1.3 |
| 1966 | 0.7 | -1.3 |
| 1965 | -0.5 | -1.3 |
| 1964 | -1 | -1.3 |
| 1963 | -1 | -1.4 |
| 1962 | -0.6 | -1.5 |
| 1961 | -0.6 | -1.5 |
| 1960 | -1.6 | -5.1 |
| 1959 | -2.1 | -3.5 |
| 1958 | -2.4 | -3.3 |
| 1957 | -1.7 | -3.1 |
| 1956 | -1.6 | -3.1 |
| 1955 | -1 | -3 |
| 1954 | -0.8 | -3.1 |
| 1953 | -0.3 | -3 |
| 1952 | -0.6 | -3 |
| 1951 | -0.6 | -3 |
| 1950 | -0.3 | -4.6 |
UN projection (medium variant) · 2024–2100
| Year | Japan | Spain |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 1.20.1–2.5 | 2.3-2.2–7.4 |
| 2025 | 1.1-0.3–2.7 | 2-4.3–8.6 |
| 2026 | 1.1-0.6–2.8 | 1.8-6–9.3 |
| 2027 | 1-0.7–3 | 1.9-6.5–10.4 |
| 2028 | 1-0.9–3.1 | 1.8-7.2–10.6 |
| 2029 | 1.1-0.9–3.4 | 1.7-8.3–11.3 |
| 2030 | 1-1–3.3 | 1.4-8.4–11.4 |
| 2031 | 1-1.1–3.3 | 1.3-8.9–11.6 |
| 2032 | 1-1.1–3.3 | 1.4-8.8–12.2 |
| 2033 | 1.1-1.1–3.3 | 1.5-9–12.4 |
| 2034 | 1-1–3.4 | 1.5-9.5–12.1 |
| 2035 | 1-1.1–3.6 | 1.4-9.5–12.4 |
| 2036 | 1-1.2–3.5 | 1.3-10.1–12.4 |
| 2037 | 1-1.3–3.5 | 1.3-10.3–12 |
| 2038 | 1.1-1.4–3.4 | 1.4-10.1–12.4 |
| 2039 | 1.1-1.4–3.5 | 1.3-10.4–12.6 |
| 2040 | 1.1-1.4–3.5 | 1.2-10.8–12.2 |
| 2041 | 1-1.4–3.4 | 1.2-10.5–12.3 |
| 2042 | 1.1-1.5–3.6 | 1.1-10.9–12.7 |
| 2043 | 1.1-1.4–3.6 | 1.3-10.7–13.1 |
| 2044 | 1.1-1.4–3.7 | 1.2-10.3–12.1 |
| 2045 | 1-1.5–3.7 | 1.1-11.1–12.5 |
| 2046 | 1.1-1.5–3.6 | 1.2-10.1–13.6 |
| 2047 | 1.1-1.5–3.5 | 1.2-9.6–13.3 |
| 2048 | 1.1-1.4–3.7 | 1.4-10.4–13.3 |
| 2049 | 1.1-1.5–3.8 | 1.2-11.2–13.3 |
| 2050 | 1.1-1.6–3.7 | 1.5-10.6–13.8 |
| 2051 | 1.1-1.8–3.7 | 1.6-11.5–13.6 |
| 2052 | 1.1-1.7–3.7 | 1.4-11.5–13.5 |
| 2053 | 1.1-1.8–3.7 | 1.3-11.5–14 |
| 2054 | 1-1.7–3.6 | 1.5-11.1–14.1 |
| 2055 | 1.1-1.6–3.7 | 1.5-11.9–14.4 |
| 2056 | 1-1.7–3.7 | 1.1-11.9–14 |
| 2057 | 1.1-1.7–3.7 | 1.3-12–14.2 |
| 2058 | 1.1-1.7–3.6 | 1.5-11.5–14.6 |
| 2059 | 1-1.7–3.6 | 1.4-11.5–15 |
| 2060 | 1-1.5–3.4 | 1.4-11.7–14.2 |
| 2061 | 1.1-1.8–3.7 | 1.2-11.5–14.5 |
| 2062 | 1.1-1.9–3.7 | 1.1-12.2–13.6 |
| 2063 | 1.1-1.9–3.9 | 1.3-11.3–14.4 |
| 2064 | 1.2-1.7–3.8 | 1.1-11.5–14.4 |
| 2065 | 1.1-2.1–3.8 | 1.4-10.4–15 |
| 2066 | 1.1-1.7–3.8 | 1.3-10.7–14.3 |
| 2067 | 1.1-1.8–3.8 | 1.4-10.4–14.5 |
| 2068 | 1-2–3.8 | 1.2-11.3–14.3 |
| 2069 | 1.1-2.1–4 | 1.4-11–14.9 |
| 2070 | 1-2.1–3.7 | 1.2-10.7–14.4 |
| 2071 | 1.1-1.9–3.7 | 1.3-10.6–14.5 |
| 2072 | 1.1-2–3.8 | 1.1-11.7–14.4 |
| 2073 | 1-2–3.6 | 1.2-12.1–13.9 |
| 2074 | 1.1-1.9–3.8 | 1.1-11.8–14 |
| 2075 | 1.1-2.1–3.8 | 1.2-11.7–14.3 |
| 2076 | 1.1-2–3.8 | 1.2-12–13.2 |
| 2077 | 1.1-2–3.8 | 1.3-11.5–12.6 |
| 2078 | 1.1-1.7–3.7 | 1.3-11–13.4 |
| 2079 | 1.1-1.8–3.8 | 1.2-11–13.6 |
| 2080 | 1.1-1.8–3.7 | 1.2-11–12.4 |
| 2081 | 1.1-1.8–4 | 1.2-10.9–13.6 |
| 2082 | 1.1-1.7–3.7 | 1.2-11.2–13.8 |
| 2083 | 1.1-1.8–3.8 | 1.1-11–13.6 |
| 2084 | 1.1-1.9–3.8 | 1.1-11.6–14 |
| 2085 | 1-1.9–3.7 | 1-10.9–14 |
| 2086 | 1-1.8–3.9 | 1.1-11.7–13.9 |
| 2087 | 1.1-1.8–3.9 | 1.1-11.5–14.6 |
| 2088 | 1.1-1.8–4 | 0.9-11.4–13.7 |
| 2089 | 1-2–3.8 | 0.7-12.3–12.7 |
| 2090 | 1-1.9–3.5 | 0.8-11.9–14.1 |
| 2091 | 1-1.8–3.9 | 1-11.8–14.4 |
| 2092 | 1-2–3.7 | 1-11.5–14.7 |
| 2093 | 1-2.1–3.8 | 1-12.4–14.9 |
| 2094 | 1.1-2.2–3.9 | 1-12.6–14.7 |
| 2095 | 1-2.3–3.8 | 0.9-13.1–14.1 |
| 2096 | 1-2.4–3.8 | 1-12.9–14.3 |
| 2097 | 1.1-2.4–3.7 | 0.9-12.6–13.6 |
| 2098 | 1-2.1–3.7 | 0.9-12.4–14 |
| 2099 | 1-2.1–3.8 | 0.9-13.1–14 |
| 2100 | 1-2.2–3.6 | 0.9-12.4–14.1 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- People moving in minus people moving out in a year, per 1,000 residents; below zero, more left than arrived.
- Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024.
- The dashed line is the UN projection (medium variant), a scenario rather than a forecast; the band is its 95% prediction interval.
- Ranks count the 229 countries with a value in 2023, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Japan vs Spain
Health
- Life expectancyJapan: 84.7 years in 2023Spain: 83.7 years in 2023
- Child mortalityJapan: 0.2 per 100 live births in 2024Spain: 0.3 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityJapan: 1.6 per 1,000 live births in 2023Spain: 2.4 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterJapan: 98.7% in 2022Spain: 99.6% in 2022
- DepressionJapan: 3.34% in 2017Spain: 3.54% in 2017
- Suicide rateJapan: 15.7 per 100,000 people in 2017Spain: 5.5 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationJapan: 124 million people in 2023Spain: 47.9 million people in 2023
- Population growthJapan: -0.48% a year in 2023Spain: 0.02% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateJapan: 1.21 births per woman in 2023Spain: 1.21 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationJapan: 92.3% in 2025Spain: 80.5% in 2025
- Median ageJapan: 49 years in 2023Spain: 44.9 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overJapan: 29.6% in 2023Spain: 20.7% in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingJapan: 1.41% of GDP in 2025Spain: 2.13% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsJapan: $59.5B in 2025Spain: $37.7B in 2025
- Military spending per personJapan: $504 in 2025Spain: $839 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingJapan: 3.8% of government spending in 2025Spain: 4.7% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelJapan: 261,000 people in 2020Spain: 199,000 people in 2020
- National powerJapan: 2.47% of world capability in 2022Spain: 0.66% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersJapan: 0.38% of the labour force in 2020Spain: 0.87% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsJapan: 1.72 billion TIV in 2025Spain: 237 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsJapan: 28 million TIV in 2025Spain: 341 million TIV in 2025