Madagascar vs Rwanda
Madagascar vs Rwanda: GDP growth
GDP growth in 2025: 3.1% a year in Madagascar and 9.4% a year in Rwanda, by IMF estimates. In 2025 the value was higher in Rwanda, by 6.3 percentage points, or 3.01 times that in Madagascar.
% a year · IMF
What the numbers say
- Rwanda has been higher since 2004, when it overtook Madagascar.
- In 2025, Madagascar ranked 79 and Rwanda ranked 4 of 143 countries, counting from the highest.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Madagascar at 4.8% a year and Rwanda at 7.1% a year in 2031.
Every year
% a year · IMF
| Year | Madagascar | Rwanda |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 3.1 | 9.4 |
| 2024 | 4.3 | 7.2 |
| 2023 | 4.2 | 8.6 |
| 2022 | 4.1 | 9.8 |
| 2021 | 4.7 | 8.4 |
| 2020 | -7.1 | -2.8 |
| 2019 | 4.4 | 9.3 |
| 2018 | 3.2 | 8.1 |
| 2017 | 3.9 | 4.7 |
| 2016 | 4 | 5.7 |
| 2015 | 3.1 | 8.9 |
| 2014 | 3.3 | 5.7 |
| 2013 | 2.3 | 4.7 |
| 2012 | 3 | 8.6 |
| 2011 | 1.6 | 8 |
| 2010 | 0.6 | 7.3 |
| 2009 | -4 | 6.2 |
| 2008 | 6.7 | 11.2 |
| 2007 | 5.7 | 7.7 |
| 2006 | 5.4 | 9.3 |
| 2005 | 4.8 | 9.4 |
| 2004 | 5.3 | 7.5 |
| 2003 | 9.8 | 2.2 |
| 2002 | -12.4 | 13.2 |
| 2001 | 6 | 8.5 |
| 2000 | 4.5 | 8.4 |
| 1999 | 4.7 | 3.3 |
| 1998 | 3.9 | 8.3 |
| 1997 | 3.7 | 14.9 |
| 1996 | 2.2 | 11.6 |
| 1995 | 1.7 | 24.5 |
| 1994 | -0 | -41.9 |
| 1993 | 2.1 | -10.4 |
| 1992 | 1.2 | 6.6 |
| 1991 | -6.3 | -4.3 |
| 1990 | 3.1 | 0.4 |
| 1989 | 4.1 | -5.7 |
| 1988 | 3.4 | 0.3 |
| 1987 | 1.2 | -0.3 |
| 1986 | 2 | 5.5 |
| 1985 | 1.2 | 4.4 |
| 1984 | 1.8 | 13 |
| 1983 | 0.9 | 6 |
| 1982 | -1.9 | -2.5 |
| 1981 | -9.8 | 2.5 |
| 1980 | 0.8 | -3.6 |
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | Madagascar | Rwanda |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 3.8 | 7.4 |
| 2027 | 4.5 | 7.2 |
| 2028 | 4.6 | 7 |
| 2029 | 4.7 | 7 |
| 2030 | 4.8 | 7 |
| 2031 | 4.8 | 7.1 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- How much the economy grew or shrank in a year, after inflation.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 143 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Madagascar vs Rwanda
Health
- Life expectancyMadagascar: 63.6 years in 2023Rwanda: 67.8 years in 2023
- Child mortalityMadagascar: 6.2 per 100 live births in 2024Rwanda: 3.8 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityMadagascar: 45 per 1,000 live births in 2023Rwanda: 27.5 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionMadagascar: 3.71% in 2017Rwanda: 3.87% in 2017
- Suicide rateMadagascar: 11 per 100,000 people in 2017Rwanda: 11 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationMadagascar: 31.2 million people in 2023Rwanda: 14 million people in 2023
- Population growthMadagascar: 2.45% a year in 2023Rwanda: 2.18% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateMadagascar: 3.97 births per woman in 2023Rwanda: 3.7 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationMadagascar: 32.9% in 2025Rwanda: 30.9% in 2025
- Median ageMadagascar: 18.9 years in 2023Rwanda: 19.4 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overMadagascar: 3.3% in 2023Rwanda: 3.8% in 2023
- Net migration rateMadagascar: -0 per 1,000 people in 2023Rwanda: -0.6 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingMadagascar: 0.62% of GDP in 2025Rwanda: 1.29% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsMadagascar: $111M in 2025Rwanda: $194M in 2025
- Military spending per personMadagascar: $4 in 2025Rwanda: $13 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingMadagascar: 3.8% of government spending in 2025Rwanda: 4.7% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelMadagascar: 22,000 people in 2020Rwanda: 35,000 people in 2020
- National powerMadagascar: 0.11% of world capability in 2022Rwanda: 0.07% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersMadagascar: 0.15% of the labour force in 2020Rwanda: 0.7% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsMadagascar: 3 million TIV in 2025Rwanda: 37 million TIV in 2023