Moldova vs Romania
Moldova vs Romania: Temperature
Temperature in 2025: 11.7 °C in Moldova and 11.1 °C in Romania, by ERA5 observations. In 2025 the value was higher in Moldova, by 0.5 °C, or 1.05 times that in Romania.
°C · ERA5
What the numbers say
- Moldova has been higher since 1989, when it overtook Romania.
- The CMIP6 model median (SSP2-4.5, middle of the road) puts Moldova at 13.5 °C and Romania at 13.1 °C in 2100.
Every year
°C · ERA5
| Year | Moldova | Moldova: CMIP6 historical run, model median | Romania | Romania: CMIP6 historical run, model median |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 11.7 | 11.4 | 11.1 | 11.1 |
| 2024 | 12.7 | 11.1 | 12.1 | 11 |
| 2023 | 12.4 | 11.3 | 11.7 | 11 |
| 2022 | 11.4 | 11.5 | 11 | 11.3 |
| 2021 | 10.2 | 11.5 | 10.1 | 11.1 |
| 2020 | 12.2 | 11.4 | 11.1 | 11 |
| 2019 | 11.9 | 11 | 11.4 | 10.6 |
| 2018 | 11 | 11.1 | 10.9 | 10.7 |
| 2017 | 11.1 | 10.9 | 10.5 | 10.5 |
| 2016 | 11.1 | 10.6 | 10.4 | 10.5 |
| 2015 | 11.8 | 11 | 11 | 10.8 |
| 2014 | 10.8 | 10.7 | 10.7 | 10.5 |
| 2013 | 11.1 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 10.4 |
| 2012 | 11.1 | 10.7 | 10.5 | 10.4 |
| 2011 | 10.3 | 10.5 | 9.7 | 10.4 |
| 2010 | 10.5 | 10.8 | 10 | 10.6 |
| 2009 | 11.1 | 10.7 | 10.6 | 10.5 |
| 2008 | 11.1 | 10.7 | 10.6 | 10.6 |
| 2007 | 11.8 | 10.4 | 11 | 10.1 |
| 2006 | 9.9 | 10.5 | 9.6 | 10.3 |
| 2005 | 10.2 | 10.4 | 9.3 | 10.2 |
| 2004 | 10.2 | 10.2 | 9.6 | 10.1 |
| 2003 | 9.7 | 10.5 | 9.4 | 10.2 |
| 2002 | 10.6 | 10.3 | 10.3 | 9.9 |
| 2001 | 10.1 | 10.2 | 9.9 | 9.9 |
| 2000 | 11 | 10.3 | 10.5 | 10.1 |
| 1999 | 10.8 | 10.2 | 10.1 | 9.9 |
| 1998 | 9.8 | 9.9 | 9.4 | 9.7 |
| 1997 | 9 | 9.9 | 8.7 | 9.6 |
| 1996 | 8.7 | 10.3 | 8.7 | 9.8 |
| 1995 | 9.7 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 9.5 |
| 1994 | 10.9 | 9.9 | 10.7 | 9.6 |
| 1993 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 8.9 | 9.2 |
| 1992 | 9.8 | 8.9 | 9.5 | 8.8 |
| 1991 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 8.7 | 9.3 |
| 1990 | 11 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 9.8 |
| 1989 | 10.8 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 9.5 |
| 1988 | 9 | 9.4 | 9.1 | 9.2 |
| 1987 | 8.1 | 9.2 | 8.6 | 9.1 |
| 1986 | 9.5 | 9.6 | 9.3 | 9.3 |
| 1985 | 7.9 | 9.6 | 8.2 | 9.2 |
| 1984 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 8.9 | 9.1 |
| 1983 | 10.3 | 9.1 | 9.6 | 8.9 |
| 1982 | 9.6 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9 |
| 1981 | 9.5 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 9.1 |
| 1980 | 8.1 | 9.1 | 8.1 | 9 |
| 1979 | 9.7 | 9.3 | 9.3 | 9 |
| 1978 | 8.7 | 9.4 | 8.4 | 9.2 |
| 1977 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.3 | 8.9 |
| 1976 | 8.3 | 9.3 | 8.2 | 9 |
| 1975 | 10.7 | 8.9 | 9.8 | 8.8 |
| 1974 | 9.6 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 9 |
| 1973 | 9 | 9.5 | 8.8 | 9.2 |
| 1972 | 9.3 | 9.1 | 9.3 | 8.9 |
| 1971 | 9.4 | 9.3 | 9.2 | 9.1 |
| 1970 | 9.6 | 8.9 | 9.2 | 8.8 |
| 1969 | 8.2 | 9.2 | 8.6 | 9 |
| 1968 | 9.5 | 9.1 | 9.5 | 9 |
| 1967 | 9.7 | 9.2 | 9.4 | 9 |
| 1966 | 10.3 | 9 | 10 | 8.7 |
| 1965 | 8.5 | 9 | 8.5 | 8.8 |
| 1964 | 8.9 | 9.3 | 8.6 | 9.1 |
| 1963 | 8.7 | 9.2 | 8.9 | 9 |
| 1962 | 9.5 | 9.4 | 9.2 | 9.2 |
| 1961 | 9.8 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 9.2 |
| 1960 | 10.1 | 9.4 | 9.7 | 9.3 |
| 1959 | 9.1 | 9.6 | 8.8 | 9.4 |
| 1958 | 9.6 | 9.3 | 9.5 | 9.3 |
| 1957 | 9.6 | 9.1 | 9.2 | 8.9 |
| 1956 | 7.9 | 9.1 | 7.7 | 8.9 |
| 1955 | 9.1 | 9.4 | 8.8 | 9.2 |
| 1954 | 8.3 | 9.4 | 8.1 | 9.1 |
| 1953 | 8.7 | 9.6 | 8.7 | 9.4 |
| 1952 | 9.6 | 9.3 | 9.6 | 9.3 |
| 1951 | 10.2 | 9.2 | 10 | 9.1 |
| 1950 | 9.7 | 9.4 | 10 | 9.2 |
- 12.3Projected
CMIP6 model median (SSP2-4.5, middle of the road) · 2026–2100
| Year | Moldova | Moldova: CMIP6 historical run, model median | Romania | Romania: CMIP6 historical run, model median |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2026 | – | 11.410.5–12.2 | – | 11.210.2–12 |
| 2027 | – | 11.510.5–12.7 | – | 11.110.2–12.5 |
| 2028 | – | 11.410.4–12.4 | – | 11.210.2–12 |
| 2029 | – | 11.510.5–12.5 | – | 11.310.4–12.2 |
| 2030 | – | 11.410.3–12.6 | – | 11.210–12.3 |
| 2031 | – | 11.19.6–12.8 | – | 11.19.8–12.5 |
| 2032 | – | 11.811–12.6 | – | 11.410.6–12.1 |
| 2033 | – | 11.610.8–12.8 | – | 11.210.4–12.4 |
| 2034 | – | 11.610.5–12.5 | – | 11.410.4–12.3 |
| 2035 | – | 11.810.7–13 | – | 11.510.7–12.7 |
| 2036 | – | 11.910.8–13.1 | – | 11.710.5–13 |
| 2037 | – | 11.610.4–12.9 | – | 11.410.1–12.7 |
| 2038 | – | 12.110.7–13.3 | – | 11.910.4–12.9 |
| 2039 | – | 11.910.7–13 | – | 11.710.4–12.7 |
| 2040 | – | 1210.9–13.1 | – | 11.710.5–12.7 |
| 2041 | – | 11.911–12.9 | – | 11.410.8–12.5 |
| 2042 | – | 11.810.2–13.2 | – | 11.610.1–12.8 |
| 2043 | – | 12.210.5–13.1 | – | 11.810.2–13.1 |
| 2044 | – | 11.910.1–13.1 | – | 11.69.9–12.7 |
| 2045 | – | 1210.8–13.6 | – | 11.610.7–13.2 |
| 2046 | – | 11.910.7–13 | – | 11.610.6–13 |
| 2047 | – | 12.310.5–13.4 | – | 11.910.3–13 |
| 2048 | – | 12.511–13.3 | – | 12.110.9–13.2 |
| 2049 | – | 12.211–13.5 | – | 11.910.7–13.2 |
| 2050 | – | 12.310.9–13.8 | – | 11.910.7–13.4 |
| 2051 | – | 12.411–13.8 | – | 1210.8–13.4 |
| 2052 | – | 12.211.1–13.8 | – | 11.910.8–13.5 |
| 2053 | – | 12.511.2–13.8 | – | 12.210.9–13.6 |
| 2054 | – | 12.211.2–13.7 | – | 11.910.9–13.5 |
| 2055 | – | 12.210.7–13.7 | – | 1210.7–13.4 |
| 2056 | – | 12.311.2–13.4 | – | 1210.6–13.1 |
| 2057 | – | 12.211.3–14 | – | 11.910.9–13.6 |
| 2058 | – | 12.711.2–14.4 | – | 12.411.1–14 |
| 2059 | – | 12.611–14 | – | 12.210.6–13.4 |
| 2060 | – | 12.511.2–13.8 | – | 12.310.9–13.3 |
| 2061 | – | 12.411.1–13.7 | – | 12.210.9–13.5 |
| 2062 | – | 12.711.6–14.1 | – | 12.311.3–13.7 |
| 2063 | – | 12.710.9–13.8 | – | 12.310.8–13.8 |
| 2064 | – | 12.711.7–13.6 | – | 12.211.2–13.5 |
| 2065 | – | 12.811.4–14 | – | 12.511–13.7 |
| 2066 | – | 12.411.3–14.3 | – | 12.110.9–13.8 |
| 2067 | – | 12.911.4–14.2 | – | 12.611.1–13.8 |
| 2068 | – | 12.511.2–14.5 | – | 12.311.4–14 |
| 2069 | – | 13.111.7–14.4 | – | 12.711.4–14 |
| 2070 | – | 12.710.6–13.7 | – | 12.410.7–13.4 |
| 2071 | – | 12.610.6–14.4 | – | 12.410.5–14 |
| 2072 | – | 13.312.1–14.2 | – | 12.911.7–14 |
| 2073 | – | 12.511–14.1 | – | 12.310.9–13.7 |
| 2074 | – | 12.611.6–14.2 | – | 12.511.2–13.9 |
| 2075 | – | 12.611.5–13.9 | – | 12.311.3–13.8 |
| 2076 | – | 1311.6–14.4 | – | 12.711.3–14 |
| 2077 | – | 12.811.6–14 | – | 12.611.2–13.8 |
| 2078 | – | 12.811.7–13.9 | – | 12.511.3–13.8 |
| 2079 | – | 12.911.4–14.5 | – | 12.611.3–14.3 |
| 2080 | – | 1312–14.2 | – | 12.811.7–13.8 |
| 2081 | – | 12.912.1–14 | – | 12.711.6–13.8 |
| 2082 | – | 13.211.8–14.6 | – | 12.811.7–14.2 |
| 2083 | – | 12.711.5–14.6 | – | 12.411.4–14.1 |
| 2084 | – | 13.211.4–14.5 | – | 13.111.4–14.1 |
| 2085 | – | 1312–14.4 | – | 12.711.9–14.1 |
| 2086 | – | 13.211.9–15 | – | 1311.6–14.6 |
| 2087 | – | 13.211.7–14.8 | – | 12.911.3–14.3 |
| 2088 | – | 13.111.8–14.1 | – | 12.811.5–14 |
| 2089 | – | 12.611.5–14.3 | – | 12.611.5–13.9 |
| 2090 | – | 13.511.5–15.1 | – | 13.411.5–14.5 |
| 2091 | – | 13.411.6–14.6 | – | 13.111.6–14.1 |
| 2092 | – | 13.211.9–14.8 | – | 1311.5–14.5 |
| 2093 | – | 13.111.8–14.9 | – | 12.711.4–14.8 |
| 2094 | – | 13.511–15.1 | – | 13.310.9–15 |
| 2095 | – | 13.511.9–14.5 | – | 13.111.6–14.3 |
| 2096 | – | 13.411.1–14.9 | – | 12.911–14.8 |
| 2097 | – | 13.411.6–15.3 | – | 13.111.4–14.8 |
| 2098 | – | 13.111.7–14.7 | – | 12.911.1–14.5 |
| 2099 | – | 13.311.9–14.4 | – | 13.111.5–14.2 |
| 2100 | – | 13.511.5–14.3 | – | 13.111.2–14.3 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- The average air temperature near the ground, over the whole country and the whole year.
- Source: ERA5 reanalysis (Copernicus, ECMWF) and CMIP6, via the World Bank Climate Change Knowledge Portal.
- The dashed line is the CMIP6 model median (SSP2-4.5, middle of the road), a scenario rather than a forecast; the band is its models’ 10th–90th percentile.
- Climate model values are the median of the CMIP6 models, run on past emissions to 2014 and on SSP2-4.5, a middle-of-the-road path, after: they are not measurements.
- Ranks count the 233 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Moldova vs Romania
Health
- Life expectancyMoldova: 71.2 years in 2023Romania: 75.9 years in 2023
- Child mortalityMoldova: 1.7 per 100 live births in 2024Romania: 0.7 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityMoldova: 11.7 per 1,000 live births in 2023Romania: 4.8 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterMoldova: 75.2% in 2022Romania: 82.1% in 2022
- DepressionMoldova: 3.43% in 2017Romania: 2.36% in 2017
- Suicide rateMoldova: 13.6 per 100,000 people in 2017Romania: 9.2 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationMoldova: 3.07 million people in 2023Romania: 19.1 million people in 2023
- Population growthMoldova: -0.89% a year in 2023Romania: -0.53% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateMoldova: 1.73 births per woman in 2023Romania: 1.71 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationMoldova: 43.7% in 2025Romania: 52.2% in 2025
- Median ageMoldova: 37.8 years in 2023Romania: 42.6 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overMoldova: 15.6% in 2023Romania: 19.8% in 2023
- Net migration rateMoldova: -6.1 per 1,000 people in 2023Romania: -1.5 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingMoldova: 0.56% of GDP in 2025Romania: 2.28% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsMoldova: $103M in 2025Romania: $8.81B in 2025
- Military spending per personMoldova: $38 in 2025Romania: $513 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingMoldova: 1.4% of government spending in 2025Romania: 5.6% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelMoldova: 6,000 people in 2020Romania: 128,000 people in 2020
- National powerMoldova: 0.02% of world capability in 2022Romania: 0.23% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersMoldova: 0.41% of the labour force in 2020Romania: 1.52% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsMoldova: 5 million TIV in 2025Romania: 421 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsMoldova: 12 million TIV in 2011Romania: 132 million TIV in 2025