Romania vs Russia
Romania vs Russia: Fertility rate
Fertility rate in 2023: 1.71 births per woman in Romania and 1.45 births per woman in Russia, by UN estimates. In 2023 the value was higher in Romania, by 0.26 births per woman, or 1.18 times that in Russia.
births per woman · UN
What the numbers say
- Romania has been higher since 2017, when it overtook Russia.
- In 2023, Romania ranked 131 and Russia ranked 174 of 229 countries, counting from the highest.
- The UN projection (medium variant) puts Romania at 1.67 births per woman and Russia at 1.59 births per woman in 2100.
- The world as a whole: 2.25 births per woman in 2023.
Every year
births per woman · UN
| Year | Romania | Russia | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 1.71 | 1.45 | 2.25 |
| 2022 | 1.72 | 1.45 | 2.27 |
| 2021 | 1.72 | 1.51 | 2.29 |
| 2020 | 1.73 | 1.51 | 2.32 |
| 2019 | 1.71 | 1.5 | 2.4 |
| 2018 | 1.75 | 1.58 | 2.44 |
| 2017 | 1.77 | 1.63 | 2.5 |
| 2016 | 1.69 | 1.77 | 2.54 |
| 2015 | 1.62 | 1.79 | 2.54 |
| 2014 | 1.56 | 1.77 | 2.56 |
| 2013 | 1.47 | 1.73 | 2.57 |
| 2012 | 1.51 | 1.71 | 2.61 |
| 2011 | 1.48 | 1.6 | 2.59 |
| 2010 | 1.57 | 1.59 | 2.6 |
| 2009 | 1.64 | 1.56 | 2.62 |
| 2008 | 1.58 | 1.52 | 2.63 |
| 2007 | 1.45 | 1.43 | 2.62 |
| 2006 | 1.42 | 1.32 | 2.63 |
| 2005 | 1.39 | 1.3 | 2.63 |
| 2004 | 1.34 | 1.35 | 2.65 |
| 2003 | 1.3 | 1.33 | 2.66 |
| 2002 | 1.27 | 1.29 | 2.68 |
| 2001 | 1.27 | 1.22 | 2.71 |
| 2000 | 1.3 | 1.19 | 2.75 |
| 1999 | 1.3 | 1.18 | 2.75 |
| 1998 | 1.32 | 1.24 | 2.78 |
| 1997 | 1.32 | 1.24 | 2.81 |
| 1996 | 1.3 | 1.29 | 2.85 |
| 1995 | 1.34 | 1.35 | 2.89 |
| 1994 | 1.4 | 1.4 | 2.93 |
| 1993 | 1.44 | 1.39 | 2.98 |
| 1992 | 1.51 | 1.57 | 3.04 |
| 1991 | 1.6 | 1.75 | 3.13 |
| 1990 | 1.84 | 1.91 | 3.31 |
| 1989 | 2.2 | 2.03 | 3.35 |
| 1988 | 2.31 | 2.16 | 3.39 |
| 1987 | 2.38 | 2.25 | 3.48 |
| 1986 | 2.39 | 2.21 | 3.5 |
| 1985 | 2.31 | 2.09 | 3.51 |
| 1984 | 2.25 | 2.1 | 3.55 |
| 1983 | 2.08 | 2.14 | 3.58 |
| 1982 | 2.17 | 2.02 | 3.71 |
| 1981 | 2.35 | 1.94 | 3.71 |
| 1980 | 2.44 | 1.92 | 3.74 |
| 1979 | 2.49 | 1.92 | 3.77 |
| 1978 | 2.52 | 1.95 | 3.79 |
| 1977 | 2.57 | 1.98 | 3.85 |
| 1976 | 2.55 | 1.99 | 3.97 |
| 1975 | 2.6 | 2 | 4.08 |
| 1974 | 2.66 | 2.03 | 4.26 |
| 1973 | 2.39 | 2.01 | 4.42 |
| 1972 | 2.48 | 2.07 | 4.55 |
| 1971 | 2.6 | 2.05 | 4.68 |
| 1970 | 2.81 | 2.01 | 4.83 |
| 1969 | 3.11 | 1.99 | 4.87 |
| 1968 | 3.54 | 1.98 | 4.96 |
| 1967 | 3.59 | 2.02 | 4.85 |
| 1966 | 1.87 | 2.11 | 4.96 |
| 1965 | 1.9 | 2.11 | 5.07 |
| 1964 | 1.95 | 2.18 | 5.12 |
| 1963 | 1.99 | 2.29 | 5.31 |
| 1962 | 2.02 | 2.36 | 5.02 |
| 1961 | 2.16 | 2.52 | 4.57 |
| 1960 | 2.32 | 2.63 | 4.7 |
| 1959 | 2.42 | 2.66 | 4.74 |
| 1958 | 2.57 | 2.69 | 4.93 |
| 1957 | 2.71 | 2.73 | 5.07 |
| 1956 | 2.88 | 2.76 | 4.93 |
| 1955 | 3.01 | 2.81 | 5 |
| 1954 | 2.99 | 2.85 | 5 |
| 1953 | 2.99 | 2.83 | 4.92 |
| 1952 | 3.02 | 2.86 | 5 |
| 1951 | 3.05 | 2.9 | 4.82 |
| 1950 | 3.08 | 2.93 | 4.85 |
UN projection (medium variant) · 2024–2100
| Year | Romania | Russia | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 1.711.52–1.89 | 1.461.31–1.61 | 2.25 |
| 2025 | 1.711.5–1.9 | 1.471.28–1.65 | 2.24 |
| 2026 | 1.711.49–1.93 | 1.471.26–1.68 | 2.23 |
| 2027 | 1.71.47–1.93 | 1.471.24–1.72 | 2.22 |
| 2028 | 1.71.46–1.95 | 1.481.23–1.73 | 2.21 |
| 2029 | 1.71.43–1.97 | 1.481.2–1.75 | 2.2 |
| 2030 | 1.71.42–1.99 | 1.491.21–1.78 | 2.2 |
| 2031 | 1.71.42–2.01 | 1.491.2–1.79 | 2.19 |
| 2032 | 1.71.38–2 | 1.491.17–1.81 | 2.18 |
| 2033 | 1.71.38–2.02 | 1.51.17–1.83 | 2.17 |
| 2034 | 1.71.38–2.02 | 1.51.15–1.85 | 2.16 |
| 2035 | 1.691.38–2.03 | 1.51.14–1.86 | 2.15 |
| 2036 | 1.691.36–2.04 | 1.511.14–1.87 | 2.15 |
| 2037 | 1.691.35–2.04 | 1.511.13–1.86 | 2.14 |
| 2038 | 1.691.34–2.05 | 1.511.13–1.89 | 2.13 |
| 2039 | 1.691.32–2.06 | 1.511.12–1.9 | 2.13 |
| 2040 | 1.691.32–2.07 | 1.521.11–1.9 | 2.13 |
| 2041 | 1.691.31–2.06 | 1.521.12–1.92 | 2.12 |
| 2042 | 1.691.31–2.06 | 1.521.11–1.92 | 2.12 |
| 2043 | 1.691.29–2.08 | 1.531.1–1.91 | 2.12 |
| 2044 | 1.691.29–2.09 | 1.531.1–1.92 | 2.12 |
| 2045 | 1.691.28–2.09 | 1.531.09–1.92 | 2.12 |
| 2046 | 1.691.29–2.09 | 1.531.09–1.94 | 2.11 |
| 2047 | 1.691.26–2.09 | 1.541.08–1.95 | 2.11 |
| 2048 | 1.681.25–2.1 | 1.541.08–1.95 | 2.11 |
| 2049 | 1.691.25–2.1 | 1.541.07–1.95 | 2.1 |
| 2050 | 1.681.24–2.12 | 1.541.07–1.97 | 2.1 |
| 2051 | 1.681.25–2.11 | 1.541.06–1.97 | 2.09 |
| 2052 | 1.681.23–2.12 | 1.541.06–1.97 | 2.09 |
| 2053 | 1.681.24–2.12 | 1.541.05–1.97 | 2.08 |
| 2054 | 1.681.24–2.13 | 1.551.05–1.96 | 2.07 |
| 2055 | 1.681.25–2.11 | 1.551.04–1.98 | 2.07 |
| 2056 | 1.681.25–2.13 | 1.551.06–1.98 | 2.06 |
| 2057 | 1.681.22–2.12 | 1.551.04–1.98 | 2.05 |
| 2058 | 1.681.22–2.14 | 1.551.04–1.99 | 2.04 |
| 2059 | 1.681.22–2.14 | 1.551.02–2 | 2.04 |
| 2060 | 1.681.21–2.14 | 1.561.04–2.02 | 2.03 |
| 2061 | 1.681.21–2.14 | 1.561.02–2.01 | 2.02 |
| 2062 | 1.681.21–2.14 | 1.561.01–2.03 | 2.02 |
| 2063 | 1.681.21–2.15 | 1.561.01–2.03 | 2.01 |
| 2064 | 1.681.2–2.15 | 1.561.01–2.04 | 2 |
| 2065 | 1.681.2–2.16 | 1.571.01–2.04 | 2 |
| 2066 | 1.681.2–2.16 | 1.561.02–2.04 | 1.99 |
| 2067 | 1.681.19–2.18 | 1.561.01–2.05 | 1.98 |
| 2068 | 1.681.17–2.17 | 1.561.01–2.05 | 1.98 |
| 2069 | 1.681.18–2.18 | 1.571–2.06 | 1.97 |
| 2070 | 1.671.18–2.2 | 1.571–2.06 | 1.97 |
| 2071 | 1.671.18–2.18 | 1.571–2.05 | 1.96 |
| 2072 | 1.671.18–2.17 | 1.571–2.06 | 1.96 |
| 2073 | 1.671.19–2.17 | 1.571–2.07 | 1.95 |
| 2074 | 1.671.2–2.19 | 1.581–2.08 | 1.95 |
| 2075 | 1.671.19–2.17 | 1.570.99–2.08 | 1.94 |
| 2076 | 1.671.17–2.16 | 1.571–2.09 | 1.94 |
| 2077 | 1.671.17–2.17 | 1.580.99–2.09 | 1.94 |
| 2078 | 1.671.16–2.18 | 1.580.99–2.09 | 1.93 |
| 2079 | 1.671.16–2.18 | 1.581–2.11 | 1.93 |
| 2080 | 1.671.16–2.17 | 1.581–2.09 | 1.92 |
| 2081 | 1.671.15–2.18 | 1.581–2.09 | 1.92 |
| 2082 | 1.671.17–2.2 | 1.581–2.1 | 1.91 |
| 2083 | 1.671.16–2.19 | 1.581–2.1 | 1.91 |
| 2084 | 1.671.14–2.19 | 1.581.01–2.1 | 1.91 |
| 2085 | 1.671.14–2.19 | 1.581–2.11 | 1.9 |
| 2086 | 1.671.13–2.21 | 1.581.01–2.11 | 1.9 |
| 2087 | 1.671.13–2.21 | 1.581–2.11 | 1.89 |
| 2088 | 1.671.13–2.2 | 1.581–2.11 | 1.89 |
| 2089 | 1.671.14–2.21 | 1.581–2.11 | 1.88 |
| 2090 | 1.671.13–2.2 | 1.591.01–2.1 | 1.88 |
| 2091 | 1.671.15–2.21 | 1.590.99–2.1 | 1.88 |
| 2092 | 1.671.14–2.22 | 1.591.01–2.11 | 1.87 |
| 2093 | 1.671.14–2.22 | 1.581–2.11 | 1.87 |
| 2094 | 1.671.14–2.21 | 1.591–2.1 | 1.86 |
| 2095 | 1.671.12–2.21 | 1.590.99–2.11 | 1.86 |
| 2096 | 1.671.12–2.22 | 1.590.99–2.13 | 1.85 |
| 2097 | 1.671.14–2.22 | 1.590.99–2.14 | 1.85 |
| 2098 | 1.671.12–2.23 | 1.591–2.14 | 1.85 |
| 2099 | 1.671.13–2.23 | 1.590.99–2.16 | 1.84 |
| 2100 | 1.671.14–2.22 | 1.591–2.16 | 1.84 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- The children a woman would have over her life at the year’s birth rates for each age.
- Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024.
- The dashed line is the UN projection (medium variant), a scenario rather than a forecast; the band is its 95% prediction interval.
- Ranks count the 229 countries with a value in 2023, highest first.
- The faint line is the world as a whole, as the same source counts it.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Romania vs Russia
Health
- Life expectancyRomania: 75.9 years in 2023Russia: 73.2 years in 2023
- Child mortalityRomania: 0.7 per 100 live births in 2024Russia: 0.5 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityRomania: 4.8 per 1,000 live births in 2023Russia: 3.5 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterRomania: 82.1% in 2022Russia: 76.2% in 2022
- DepressionRomania: 2.36% in 2017Russia: 3.71% in 2017
- Suicide rateRomania: 9.2 per 100,000 people in 2017Russia: 25.1 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationRomania: 19.1 million people in 2023Russia: 145 million people in 2023
- Population growthRomania: -0.53% a year in 2023Russia: -0.32% a year in 2023
- Urban populationRomania: 52.2% in 2025Russia: 75.3% in 2025
- Median ageRomania: 42.6 years in 2023Russia: 39.5 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overRomania: 19.8% in 2023Russia: 16.6% in 2023
- Net migration rateRomania: -1.5 per 1,000 people in 2023Russia: 0.2 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingRomania: 2.28% of GDP in 2025Russia: 7.5% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsRomania: $8.81B in 2025Russia: $158B in 2025
- Military spending per personRomania: $513 in 2025Russia: $1,318 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingRomania: 5.6% of government spending in 2025Russia: 19.8% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelRomania: 128,000 people in 2020Russia: 1.45 million people in 2020
- National powerRomania: 0.23% of world capability in 2022Russia: 3.82% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersRomania: 1.52% of the labour force in 2020Russia: 1.98% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsRomania: 421 million TIV in 2025Russia: 129 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsRomania: 132 million TIV in 2025Russia: 1.94 billion TIV in 2025