Bangladesh vs India
Bangladesh vs India: Government debt
Government debt: 42% of GDP in Bangladesh in 2025 and 84.8% of GDP in India in 2024, by IMF estimates. In 2024 the value was higher in India, by 43.8 percentage points, or 2.07 times that in Bangladesh.
% of GDP · IMF
What the numbers say
- India has been higher in every year both have figures for since 2003.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Bangladesh at 49.4% of GDP and India at 75.1% of GDP in 2031.
Every year
% of GDP · IMF
| Year | Bangladesh | India |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 42 | 84.3 |
| 2024 | 41 | 84.8 |
| 2023 | 39.7 | 84.8 |
| 2022 | 37.9 | 84.4 |
| 2021 | 35.6 | 85.5 |
| 2020 | 34.5 | 90.4 |
| 2019 | 32 | 76.5 |
| 2018 | 29.6 | 71.6 |
| 2017 | 28.3 | 70.7 |
| 2016 | 27.7 | 69.8 |
| 2015 | 28.2 | 69.7 |
| 2014 | 28.7 | 67.6 |
| 2013 | 28.3 | 68 |
| 2012 | 29.1 | 68.1 |
| 2011 | 29.4 | 68.7 |
| 2010 | 29.6 | 67.7 |
| 2009 | 33 | 72.7 |
| 2008 | 33.9 | 74.3 |
| 2007 | 35 | 75.4 |
| 2006 | 35.3 | 77.9 |
| 2005 | 35.6 | 82.4 |
| 2004 | 36.6 | 84.9 |
| 2003 | 37 | 85.9 |
| 2002 | – | 84.3 |
| 2001 | – | 80.1 |
| 2000 | – | 74.9 |
| 1999 | – | 71.3 |
| 1998 | – | 69.3 |
| 1997 | – | 69 |
| 1996 | – | 67.1 |
| 1995 | – | 70.9 |
| 1994 | – | 74.8 |
| 1993 | – | 78.3 |
| 1992 | – | 78.8 |
| 1991 | – | 76.7 |
- 12.3Projected
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | Bangladesh | India |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 40.5 | 83.1 |
| 2027 | 40.4 | 81.3 |
| 2028 | 42.8 | 79.9 |
| 2029 | 45.5 | 78.4 |
| 2030 | 47.6 | 77 |
| 2031 | 49.4 | 75.1 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Bangladesh vs India
Health
- Life expectancyBangladesh: 74.7 years in 2023India: 72 years in 2023
- Child mortalityBangladesh: 3.1 per 100 live births in 2024India: 2.7 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityBangladesh: 22.8 per 1,000 live births in 2023India: 22.6 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionBangladesh: 4.11% in 2017India: 3.53% in 2017
- Suicide rateBangladesh: 6 per 100,000 people in 2017India: 15.6 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationBangladesh: 172 million people in 2023India: 1.44 billion people in 2023
- Population growthBangladesh: 1.21% a year in 2023India: 0.89% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateBangladesh: 2.16 births per woman in 2023India: 1.98 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationBangladesh: 33.2% in 2025India: 35.7% in 2025
- Median ageBangladesh: 25.3 years in 2023India: 28.1 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overBangladesh: 6.3% in 2023India: 6.9% in 2023
- Net migration rateBangladesh: -3.2 per 1,000 people in 2023India: -0.7 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingBangladesh: 0.81% of GDP in 2025India: 2.3% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsBangladesh: $3.67B in 2025India: $93.3B in 2025
- Military spending per personBangladesh: $22 in 2025India: $63 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingBangladesh: 7.1% of government spending in 2025India: 8.2% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelBangladesh: 227,000 people in 2020India: 3.07 million people in 2020
- National powerBangladesh: 1.01% of world capability in 2022India: 9.94% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersBangladesh: 0.32% of the labour force in 2020India: 0.58% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsBangladesh: 32 million TIV in 2025India: 2.86 billion TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsBangladesh: 2 million TIV in 1984India: 81 million TIV in 2025