Bangladesh vs India
Bangladesh vs India: Adult literacy
Adult literacy: 79% in Bangladesh in 2022 and 78.2% in India in 2024, by UNESCO estimates. In 2022 the value was higher in Bangladesh, by 2.7 percentage points, or 1.04 times that in India.
% of adults · UNESCO
What the numbers say
- Bangladesh has been higher since 2021, when it overtook India.
- The world as a whole: 87.4% in 2022.
Every year
% of adults · UNESCO
| Year | Bangladesh | India | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | – | 78.2 | 87.7 |
| 2023 | – | 81.7 | 87.6 |
| 2022 | 79 | 76.3 | 87.4 |
| 2021 | 76.4 | 76.1 | 87.2 |
| 2020 | 74.9 | 75.5 | 87 |
| 2019 | 74.7 | 74.9 | 86.8 |
| 2018 | 73.9 | 73.7 | 86.8 |
| 2017 | 72.9 | – | 86.5 |
| 2016 | 72.8 | – | 86.3 |
| 2015 | 65.1 | – | 86 |
| 2014 | 61.1 | – | 85.6 |
| 2013 | 61 | – | 85.2 |
| 2012 | 57.9 | 69.8 | 84.9 |
| 2011 | 58.8 | 69.3 | 84.7 |
| 2010 | – | 68.3 | 84.4 |
| 2009 | – | – | 83.8 |
| 2008 | – | – | 83.5 |
| 2007 | – | – | 83.1 |
| 2006 | – | 62.8 | 82.5 |
| 2005 | – | – | 82.6 |
| 2004 | – | – | 82.6 |
| 2003 | – | – | 82.2 |
| 2002 | – | – | 81.7 |
| 2001 | 47.5 | 61 | 81.4 |
| 2000 | – | – | 81.1 |
| 1999 | – | – | 80.9 |
| 1998 | – | – | 80.5 |
| 1997 | – | – | 79.3 |
| 1996 | – | – | 77.3 |
| 1995 | – | – | 76.9 |
| 1994 | – | – | 76.4 |
| 1993 | – | – | 76 |
| 1992 | – | – | 75.5 |
| 1991 | 35.3 | 48.2 | 75.1 |
| 1990 | – | – | 74.6 |
| 1989 | – | – | 74.1 |
| 1988 | – | – | 73.6 |
| 1987 | – | – | 71.9 |
| 1986 | – | – | 71.3 |
| 1985 | – | – | 70.7 |
| 1984 | – | – | 70.2 |
| 1983 | – | – | 69.5 |
| 1982 | – | – | 68.9 |
| 1981 | 29.2 | 40.8 | 68.4 |
| 1980 | – | – | 67.8 |
| 1979 | – | – | 67.2 |
| 1978 | – | – | 66.5 |
| 1977 | – | – | 65.9 |
| 1976 | – | – | 65.6 |
| 1975 | – | – | 65.4 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- The share of people aged 15 and over who can read and write a short, simple statement about their everyday life.
- Source: UNESCO Institute for Statistics, via the World Bank.
- The faint line is the world as a whole, as the same source counts it.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Bangladesh vs India
Health
- Life expectancyBangladesh: 74.7 years in 2023India: 72 years in 2023
- Child mortalityBangladesh: 3.1 per 100 live births in 2024India: 2.7 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityBangladesh: 22.8 per 1,000 live births in 2023India: 22.6 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionBangladesh: 4.11% in 2017India: 3.53% in 2017
- Suicide rateBangladesh: 6 per 100,000 people in 2017India: 15.6 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationBangladesh: 172 million people in 2023India: 1.44 billion people in 2023
- Population growthBangladesh: 1.21% a year in 2023India: 0.89% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateBangladesh: 2.16 births per woman in 2023India: 1.98 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationBangladesh: 33.2% in 2025India: 35.7% in 2025
- Median ageBangladesh: 25.3 years in 2023India: 28.1 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overBangladesh: 6.3% in 2023India: 6.9% in 2023
- Net migration rateBangladesh: -3.2 per 1,000 people in 2023India: -0.7 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingBangladesh: 0.81% of GDP in 2025India: 2.3% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsBangladesh: $3.67B in 2025India: $93.3B in 2025
- Military spending per personBangladesh: $22 in 2025India: $63 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingBangladesh: 7.1% of government spending in 2025India: 8.2% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelBangladesh: 227,000 people in 2020India: 3.07 million people in 2020
- National powerBangladesh: 1.01% of world capability in 2022India: 9.94% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersBangladesh: 0.32% of the labour force in 2020India: 0.58% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsBangladesh: 32 million TIV in 2025India: 2.86 billion TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsBangladesh: 2 million TIV in 1984India: 81 million TIV in 2025