Indonesia vs Timor-Leste
Indonesia vs Timor-Leste: Government debt
Government debt: 40.9% of GDP in Indonesia in 2025 and 13.6% of GDP in Timor-Leste in 2024, by IMF estimates. In 2024 the value was higher in Indonesia, by 26.6 percentage points, or 2.96 times that in Timor-Leste.
% of GDP · IMF
What the numbers say
- Indonesia has been higher in every year both have figures for since 2012.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Indonesia at 41.6% of GDP and Timor-Leste at 15.3% of GDP in 2031.
Every year
% of GDP · IMF
| Year | Indonesia | Timor-Leste |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 40.9 | 13.3 |
| 2024 | 40.2 | 13.6 |
| 2023 | 39.6 | 12.2 |
| 2022 | 40.1 | 7.6 |
| 2021 | 41.1 | 6.5 |
| 2020 | 39.8 | 10.1 |
| 2019 | 30.6 | 9.5 |
| 2018 | 30.4 | 9.3 |
| 2017 | 29.4 | 6.7 |
| 2016 | 28 | 4.7 |
| 2015 | 27 | 3 |
| 2014 | 24.6 | 1.5 |
| 2013 | 24.9 | 0.5 |
| 2012 | 23 | 0 |
| 2011 | 23.1 | – |
| 2010 | 26.4 | – |
| 2009 | 26.5 | – |
| 2008 | 30.3 | – |
| 2007 | 38.1 | – |
| 2006 | 35.9 | – |
| 2005 | 42.6 | – |
| 2004 | 51.3 | – |
| 2003 | 55.6 | – |
| 2002 | 62.3 | – |
| 2001 | 73.7 | – |
| 2000 | 87.4 | – |
- 12.3Projected
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | Indonesia | Timor-Leste |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 41.7 | 13.9 |
| 2027 | 41.6 | 13.9 |
| 2028 | 41.4 | 13.8 |
| 2029 | 41.5 | 13.8 |
| 2030 | 41.6 | 13.9 |
| 2031 | 41.6 | 15.3 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- What the government owes, as a share of the economy’s yearly output.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 149 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Indonesia vs Timor-Leste
Health
- Life expectancyIndonesia: 71.2 years in 2023Timor-Leste: 67.7 years in 2023
- Child mortalityIndonesia: 1.8 per 100 live births in 2024Timor-Leste: 4.8 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityIndonesia: 17.1 per 1,000 live births in 2023Timor-Leste: 37.6 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionIndonesia: 2.64% in 2017Timor-Leste: 3.14% in 2017
- Suicide rateIndonesia: 3.1 per 100,000 people in 2017Timor-Leste: 7.4 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationIndonesia: 281 million people in 2023Timor-Leste: 1.38 million people in 2023
- Population growthIndonesia: 0.83% a year in 2023Timor-Leste: 1.08% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateIndonesia: 2.13 births per woman in 2023Timor-Leste: 2.71 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationIndonesia: 59.4% in 2025Timor-Leste: 28.8% in 2025
- Median ageIndonesia: 29.8 years in 2023Timor-Leste: 21 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overIndonesia: 7% in 2023Timor-Leste: 5.3% in 2023
- Net migration rateIndonesia: -0.1 per 1,000 people in 2023Timor-Leste: -4.1 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingIndonesia: 1.05% of GDP in 2025Timor-Leste: 2.26% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsIndonesia: $15.3B in 2025Timor-Leste: $47.5M in 2025
- Military spending per personIndonesia: $53 in 2025Timor-Leste: $34 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingIndonesia: 6.3% of government spending in 2025Timor-Leste: 2.4% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelIndonesia: 676,000 people in 2020Timor-Leste: 2,000 people in 2020
- National powerIndonesia: 2.09% of world capability in 2022Timor-Leste: 0.01% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersIndonesia: 0.49% of the labour force in 2020Timor-Leste: 0.36% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsIndonesia: 1.28 billion TIV in 2025Timor-Leste: 14 million TIV in 2011