Indonesia vs Timor-Leste
Indonesia vs Timor-Leste: Net migration rate
Net migration rate in 2023: -0.1 per 1,000 people in Indonesia and -4.1 per 1,000 people in Timor-Leste, by UN estimates. In 2023 the value was higher in Indonesia, by 3.9 per 1,000 people.
per 1,000 people · UN
What the numbers say
- Indonesia has been higher since 2022, when it overtook Timor-Leste.
- The UN projection (medium variant) puts Indonesia at -0.1 per 1,000 people and Timor-Leste at 1.4 per 1,000 people in 2100.
Every year
per 1,000 people · UN
| Year | Indonesia | Timor-Leste |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | -0.1 | -4.1 |
| 2022 | -0.1 | -4 |
| 2021 | -0 | 2.3 |
| 2020 | -0.1 | 2.9 |
| 2019 | -0.1 | 3 |
| 2018 | -0.1 | 2.4 |
| 2017 | -0.1 | 1.3 |
| 2016 | -0.1 | 0.2 |
| 2015 | -0.1 | -0 |
| 2014 | -0.1 | -0.8 |
| 2013 | -0.1 | -1 |
| 2012 | -0.1 | -0.5 |
| 2011 | -0.2 | -0.1 |
| 2010 | -0.2 | 0.4 |
| 2009 | -0.3 | 0.1 |
| 2008 | -0.3 | 1 |
| 2007 | -0.3 | 2.1 |
| 2006 | -0.3 | 2.2 |
| 2005 | -0.3 | 1.9 |
| 2004 | -0.3 | -17.7 |
| 2003 | -0.4 | -14 |
| 2002 | -0.4 | 40.9 |
| 2001 | -0.3 | 60.5 |
| 2000 | -0.2 | 54.1 |
| 1999 | -0.1 | -315 |
| 1998 | -0.1 | 1.9 |
| 1997 | -0 | 2 |
| 1996 | -0 | 2 |
| 1995 | -0 | 2.1 |
| 1994 | -0 | 2.1 |
| 1993 | -0 | 2.2 |
| 1992 | -0 | 2.2 |
| 1991 | 0 | 2.3 |
| 1990 | 0.1 | -3.8 |
| 1989 | 0.1 | -3 |
| 1988 | 0.1 | 0.8 |
| 1987 | 0.2 | -0.1 |
| 1986 | 0.2 | -0.4 |
| 1985 | 0.2 | -0.7 |
| 1984 | 0.3 | -2.1 |
| 1983 | 0.3 | -1.5 |
| 1982 | 0.3 | -1.7 |
| 1981 | 0.3 | -0.7 |
| 1980 | 0.3 | 8.4 |
| 1979 | 0.3 | 14 |
| 1978 | 0.3 | 17.4 |
| 1977 | 0.3 | 17.2 |
| 1976 | 0.4 | 15.9 |
| 1975 | 0.4 | 16 |
| 1974 | 0.5 | -3.8 |
| 1973 | 0.5 | -0.5 |
| 1972 | 0.6 | 0 |
| 1971 | 0.7 | 0 |
| 1970 | 0.7 | 0 |
| 1969 | 0.7 | 0 |
| 1968 | 0.5 | 0 |
| 1967 | -0.8 | 0 |
| 1966 | -0.7 | 0 |
| 1965 | -0.6 | 0 |
| 1964 | 1.5 | 0 |
| 1963 | 1.1 | 0 |
| 1962 | 1.1 | 0 |
| 1961 | 1.1 | 0 |
| 1960 | 1.2 | 0 |
| 1959 | 1.2 | 0 |
| 1958 | 1.2 | 0 |
| 1957 | 1.2 | 0 |
| 1956 | 1.2 | 0 |
| 1955 | 1.2 | 0 |
| 1954 | 1.2 | 0 |
| 1953 | 1.2 | 0 |
| 1952 | 1.3 | 0 |
| 1951 | 1.3 | 0 |
| 1950 | 1.3 | 0 |
UN projection (medium variant) · 2024–2100
| Year | Indonesia | Timor-Leste |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | -0.1-0.5–0.5 | -1.8-86–69.7 |
| 2025 | -0.1-0.7–0.6 | -1.8-86.1–75.7 |
| 2026 | -0.1-0.7–0.7 | -1.2-88.1–68 |
| 2027 | -0.1-0.8–0.8 | -0.5-84.1–71.5 |
| 2028 | -0.2-0.8–0.9 | 0.2-82.9–74.6 |
| 2029 | -0.2-0.8–1 | 0.3-84.4–71.3 |
| 2030 | -0.1-0.8–1 | 0.6-87.9–75 |
| 2031 | -0.1-0.9–1.1 | -0.8-83.6–74.2 |
| 2032 | -0.2-0.9–1.1 | -1.7-86.5–73.2 |
| 2033 | -0.1-0.9–1.1 | -1.5-87.2–70.7 |
| 2034 | -0.2-1–1.2 | -0.3-87.8–76 |
| 2035 | -0.2-1–1.2 | 1.2-85–73.8 |
| 2036 | -0.2-1.1–1.3 | -0.7-92.5–77 |
| 2037 | -0.2-1.1–1.3 | -0.2-81–74.7 |
| 2038 | -0.2-1.2–1.4 | -0.4-90–75.5 |
| 2039 | -0.2-1.2–1.4 | 0.4-84.2–79 |
| 2040 | -0.2-1.2–1.3 | -0.9-87.2–70.7 |
| 2041 | -0.2-1.3–1.3 | -0.6-86.8–74.9 |
| 2042 | -0.2-1.3–1.4 | 0.8-80.8–76.1 |
| 2043 | -0.1-1.3–1.4 | 0.7-80–80.2 |
| 2044 | -0.2-1.3–1.5 | -1.5-89.4–71.1 |
| 2045 | -0.2-1.3–1.4 | -0.7-92.9–79.8 |
| 2046 | -0.2-1.3–1.5 | -0.8-87.6–75.7 |
| 2047 | -0.2-1.4–1.5 | 0.1-92.7–76.1 |
| 2048 | -0.1-1.4–1.5 | 0.6-91.1–79.8 |
| 2049 | -0.2-1.4–1.5 | -0.6-92.2–73.6 |
| 2050 | -0.1-1.5–1.5 | 1.1-88.2–77.4 |
| 2051 | -0.2-1.5–1.5 | -2-92.2–82 |
| 2052 | -0.2-1.5–1.5 | -0.3-89.9–80.1 |
| 2053 | -0.2-1.5–1.6 | 1.5-89.7–78.1 |
| 2054 | -0.1-1.6–1.5 | -2.3-88.5–71.3 |
| 2055 | -0.1-1.6–1.6 | 0.2-91.9–78.9 |
| 2056 | -0.1-1.6–1.6 | 1.2-88.8–76.8 |
| 2057 | -0.2-1.6–1.6 | 0.2-87.4–74.6 |
| 2058 | -0.2-1.7–1.7 | 0.1-100.6–75.3 |
| 2059 | -0.2-1.6–1.7 | -0.2-91.2–74.4 |
| 2060 | -0.2-1.6–1.7 | -1.3-90.3–67.8 |
| 2061 | -0.2-1.6–1.8 | -2-101.2–78.3 |
| 2062 | -0.2-1.6–1.8 | -1.1-93.3–79 |
| 2063 | -0.2-1.7–1.8 | -0-94.8–75.7 |
| 2064 | -0.2-1.8–1.8 | -0.3-94.4–79.3 |
| 2065 | -0.2-1.7–1.8 | -0.4-99.5–79.1 |
| 2066 | -0.2-1.7–1.8 | 0.6-93.8–80 |
| 2067 | -0.2-1.7–1.8 | -0-94.5–78.5 |
| 2068 | -0.2-1.7–1.8 | 0.2-90.2–77.6 |
| 2069 | -0.2-1.7–1.8 | 0-98.4–82.2 |
| 2070 | -0.2-1.8–1.8 | -1.2-97.8–77 |
| 2071 | -0.2-1.7–1.8 | 1.7-89.7–79.8 |
| 2072 | -0.1-1.8–1.9 | -0-95–77.3 |
| 2073 | -0.2-1.9–1.9 | -1.3-100.2–81.5 |
| 2074 | -0.2-1.8–1.9 | -0.3-91.4–78.4 |
| 2075 | -0.2-1.7–1.9 | -1-96.2–81 |
| 2076 | -0.1-1.8–2 | -0.2-100.3–78.1 |
| 2077 | -0.2-1.8–1.9 | -0.6-96.7–82.4 |
| 2078 | -0.1-1.8–2 | -1.1-107.6–81.7 |
| 2079 | -0.2-1.9–2.1 | 0.8-99.2–79.3 |
| 2080 | -0.1-1.8–2 | -0.7-108–75.7 |
| 2081 | -0.1-1.9–2 | -0.9-100.5–77.1 |
| 2082 | -0.1-1.9–2.1 | -0-104.8–84.6 |
| 2083 | -0.1-1.9–2 | -1.1-114.8–85.5 |
| 2084 | -0.1-2–2 | -1.1-102.3–82.3 |
| 2085 | -0.1-1.9–2 | -0.7-107.2–75.5 |
| 2086 | -0.1-2–2.2 | 0.7-109–82.9 |
| 2087 | -0.1-1.9–2.1 | -1.4-103.8–86 |
| 2088 | -0.1-2–2 | -0.5-110.4–82.3 |
| 2089 | -0.1-2–2 | -1.2-107.6–82.8 |
| 2090 | -0.1-2–2.2 | -0.3-116–82.3 |
| 2091 | -0.1-2–2.2 | -0.4-113.2–85.1 |
| 2092 | -0.1-2–2.1 | 0.3-114.1–82.1 |
| 2093 | -0.1-2–2.2 | 0.6-112.7–83.4 |
| 2094 | -0.1-2–2.2 | -0.1-113.5–85.5 |
| 2095 | -0.1-2–2.2 | -0.7-114.6–83.2 |
| 2096 | -0.1-2.1–2.2 | -0.5-109.7–84.5 |
| 2097 | -0.1-2–2.2 | 0.3-117.9–85.1 |
| 2098 | -0.1-2.2–2.1 | 0.3-122.8–97 |
| 2099 | -0.1-2.1–2.2 | 1.2-119.3–90.9 |
| 2100 | -0.1-2.1–2.1 | 1.4-107.3–99.9 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- People moving in minus people moving out in a year, per 1,000 residents; below zero, more left than arrived.
- Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024.
- The dashed line is the UN projection (medium variant), a scenario rather than a forecast; the band is its 95% prediction interval.
- Ranks count the 229 countries with a value in 2023, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Indonesia vs Timor-Leste
Health
- Life expectancyIndonesia: 71.2 years in 2023Timor-Leste: 67.7 years in 2023
- Child mortalityIndonesia: 1.8 per 100 live births in 2024Timor-Leste: 4.8 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityIndonesia: 17.1 per 1,000 live births in 2023Timor-Leste: 37.6 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionIndonesia: 2.64% in 2017Timor-Leste: 3.14% in 2017
- Suicide rateIndonesia: 3.1 per 100,000 people in 2017Timor-Leste: 7.4 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationIndonesia: 281 million people in 2023Timor-Leste: 1.38 million people in 2023
- Population growthIndonesia: 0.83% a year in 2023Timor-Leste: 1.08% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateIndonesia: 2.13 births per woman in 2023Timor-Leste: 2.71 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationIndonesia: 59.4% in 2025Timor-Leste: 28.8% in 2025
- Median ageIndonesia: 29.8 years in 2023Timor-Leste: 21 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overIndonesia: 7% in 2023Timor-Leste: 5.3% in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingIndonesia: 1.05% of GDP in 2025Timor-Leste: 2.26% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsIndonesia: $15.3B in 2025Timor-Leste: $47.5M in 2025
- Military spending per personIndonesia: $53 in 2025Timor-Leste: $34 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingIndonesia: 6.3% of government spending in 2025Timor-Leste: 2.4% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelIndonesia: 676,000 people in 2020Timor-Leste: 2,000 people in 2020
- National powerIndonesia: 2.09% of world capability in 2022Timor-Leste: 0.01% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersIndonesia: 0.49% of the labour force in 2020Timor-Leste: 0.36% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsIndonesia: 1.28 billion TIV in 2025Timor-Leste: 14 million TIV in 2011