Poland vs Romania
Poland vs Romania: GDP growth
GDP growth in 2025: 3.7% a year in Poland and 0.7% a year in Romania, by IMF estimates. In 2025 the value was higher in Poland, by 3 percentage points, or 5.39 times that in Romania.
% a year · IMF
What the numbers say
- Poland has been higher since 2024, when it overtook Romania.
- In 2025, Poland ranked 63 and Romania ranked 129 of 143 countries, counting from the highest.
- The IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) puts Poland at 2.5% a year and Romania at 3% a year in 2031.
Every year
% a year · IMF
| Year | Poland | Romania |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 3.7 | 0.7 |
| 2024 | 3.2 | 0.9 |
| 2023 | 0.3 | 2.3 |
| 2022 | 5.3 | 4.2 |
| 2021 | 7 | 5.6 |
| 2020 | -2.1 | -3.6 |
| 2019 | 4.6 | 4 |
| 2018 | 6.2 | 5.4 |
| 2017 | 5.2 | 8.2 |
| 2016 | 3 | 2.9 |
| 2015 | 4.4 | 3.2 |
| 2014 | 3.9 | 4.1 |
| 2013 | 0.7 | 0.3 |
| 2012 | 1.5 | 1.9 |
| 2011 | 5.3 | 4.5 |
| 2010 | 3.2 | -3.9 |
| 2009 | 2.6 | -5.5 |
| 2008 | 4.3 | 9.3 |
| 2007 | 6.8 | 7.2 |
| 2006 | 6.2 | 8 |
| 2005 | 3.3 | 4.7 |
| 2004 | 5 | 10.4 |
| 2003 | 3.5 | 2.3 |
| 2002 | 1.4 | 5.7 |
| 2001 | 1.2 | 5.2 |
| 2000 | 4.3 | 2.9 |
| 1999 | 4.5 | -1.2 |
| 1998 | 5 | -4.8 |
| 1997 | 7.1 | -6.1 |
| 1996 | 6.2 | 3.9 |
| 1995 | 6.7 | 7.1 |
| 1994 | 5.2 | 3.9 |
| 1993 | 4.3 | 1.5 |
| 1992 | 2 | -8.8 |
| 1991 | -7 | -12.9 |
| 1990 | -7.2 | -5.6 |
| 1989 | 3.8 | -5.8 |
| 1988 | 3.3 | -0.5 |
| 1987 | 2.3 | 0.8 |
| 1986 | 3.5 | 2.4 |
| 1985 | 3.9 | -0.1 |
| 1984 | -0.4 | 6 |
| 1983 | 5.6 | 6 |
| 1982 | -4.8 | 3.9 |
| 1981 | -10 | 0.1 |
| 1980 | -6 | 3.3 |
IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026) · 2026–2031
| Year | Poland | Romania |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 3.4 | -0.5 |
| 2027 | 2.5 | 2.2 |
| 2028 | 2.5 | 2.5 |
| 2029 | 2.5 | 2.8 |
| 2030 | 2.5 | 2.9 |
| 2031 | 2.5 | 3 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- How much the economy grew or shrank in a year, after inflation.
- Source: IMF, World Economic Outlook, October 2026.
- The dashed line is the IMF projection (World Economic Outlook, October 2026), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 143 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Poland vs Romania
Health
- Life expectancyPoland: 78.6 years in 2023Romania: 75.9 years in 2023
- Child mortalityPoland: 0.4 per 100 live births in 2024Romania: 0.7 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityPoland: 3.2 per 1,000 live births in 2023Romania: 4.8 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterPoland: 88.9% in 2022Romania: 82.1% in 2022
- DepressionPoland: 2.25% in 2017Romania: 2.36% in 2017
- Suicide ratePoland: 14 per 100,000 people in 2017Romania: 9.2 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationPoland: 38.8 million people in 2023Romania: 19.1 million people in 2023
- Population growthPoland: -0.26% a year in 2023Romania: -0.53% a year in 2023
- Fertility ratePoland: 1.3 births per woman in 2023Romania: 1.71 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationPoland: 60.1% in 2025Romania: 52.2% in 2025
- Median agePoland: 41.3 years in 2023Romania: 42.6 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overPoland: 19.6% in 2023Romania: 19.8% in 2023
- Net migration ratePoland: -0.2 per 1,000 people in 2023Romania: -1.5 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingPoland: 4.5% of GDP in 2025Romania: 2.28% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsPoland: $42.5B in 2025Romania: $8.81B in 2025
- Military spending per personPoland: $1,219 in 2025Romania: $513 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingPoland: 9% of government spending in 2025Romania: 5.6% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelPoland: 189,000 people in 2020Romania: 128,000 people in 2020
- National powerPoland: 0.52% of world capability in 2022Romania: 0.23% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersPoland: 1.04% of the labour force in 2020Romania: 1.52% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsPoland: 2.17 billion TIV in 2025Romania: 421 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsPoland: 59 million TIV in 2025Romania: 132 million TIV in 2025