Poland vs Romania
Poland vs Romania: People aged 65 and over
People aged 65 and over in 2023: 19.6% in Poland and 19.8% in Romania, by UN estimates. In 2023 the value was higher in Romania, by 0.2 percentage points, or 1.01 times that in Poland.
% of people · UN
What the numbers say
- Romania has been higher in every year both have figures for since 1950.
- In 2023, Poland ranked 39 and Romania ranked 37 of 229 countries, counting from the highest.
- The UN projection (medium variant) puts Poland at 39.1% and Romania at 32.8% in 2100.
- The world as a whole: 10% in 2023.
Every year
% of people · UN
| Year | Poland | Romania | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 19.6 | 19.8 | 10 |
| 2022 | 19 | 19.5 | 9.8 |
| 2021 | 18.5 | 19.3 | 9.5 |
| 2020 | 18.1 | 19 | 9.3 |
| 2019 | 17.6 | 18.6 | 9.1 |
| 2018 | 17 | 18.3 | 8.9 |
| 2017 | 16.5 | 17.9 | 8.7 |
| 2016 | 15.9 | 17.6 | 8.5 |
| 2015 | 15.4 | 17.2 | 8.3 |
| 2014 | 14.9 | 16.8 | 8.1 |
| 2013 | 14.4 | 16.5 | 7.9 |
| 2012 | 14 | 16.3 | 7.8 |
| 2011 | 13.7 | 16.1 | 7.7 |
| 2010 | 13.6 | 15.8 | 7.6 |
| 2009 | 13.6 | 15.6 | 7.5 |
| 2008 | 13.5 | 15.4 | 7.5 |
| 2007 | 13.5 | 15.3 | 7.4 |
| 2006 | 13.4 | 15.1 | 7.3 |
| 2005 | 13.2 | 14.9 | 7.3 |
| 2004 | 13.1 | 14.7 | 7.2 |
| 2003 | 12.9 | 14.4 | 7.1 |
| 2002 | 12.7 | 14.1 | 7 |
| 2001 | 12.5 | 13.8 | 6.9 |
| 2000 | 12.2 | 13.5 | 6.8 |
| 1999 | 12 | 13.2 | 6.8 |
| 1998 | 11.8 | 12.9 | 6.7 |
| 1997 | 11.6 | 12.7 | 6.6 |
| 1996 | 11.4 | 12.3 | 6.5 |
| 1995 | 11.1 | 12 | 6.5 |
| 1994 | 10.9 | 11.7 | 6.4 |
| 1993 | 10.6 | 11.4 | 6.3 |
| 1992 | 10.5 | 11.1 | 6.2 |
| 1991 | 10.3 | 10.8 | 6.1 |
| 1990 | 10.1 | 10.6 | 6.1 |
| 1989 | 9.9 | 10.4 | 6 |
| 1988 | 9.7 | 10.2 | 6 |
| 1987 | 9.5 | 10.1 | 5.9 |
| 1986 | 9.4 | 9.9 | 5.9 |
| 1985 | 9.4 | 9.8 | 5.8 |
| 1984 | 9.5 | 9.8 | 5.8 |
| 1983 | 9.6 | 9.9 | 5.8 |
| 1982 | 9.8 | 10.3 | 5.8 |
| 1981 | 10 | 10.5 | 5.8 |
| 1980 | 10.1 | 10.6 | 5.8 |
| 1979 | 10.2 | 10.6 | 5.8 |
| 1978 | 10.1 | 10.4 | 5.7 |
| 1977 | 9.9 | 10.1 | 5.6 |
| 1976 | 9.7 | 9.9 | 5.6 |
| 1975 | 9.5 | 9.7 | 5.5 |
| 1974 | 9.3 | 9.4 | 5.5 |
| 1973 | 9 | 9.2 | 5.4 |
| 1972 | 8.8 | 9 | 5.4 |
| 1971 | 8.5 | 8.8 | 5.3 |
| 1970 | 8.2 | 8.7 | 5.3 |
| 1969 | 8 | 8.5 | 5.2 |
| 1968 | 7.7 | 8.4 | 5.2 |
| 1967 | 7.4 | 8.2 | 5.2 |
| 1966 | 7.1 | 8 | 5.1 |
| 1965 | 6.8 | 7.8 | 5.1 |
| 1964 | 6.6 | 7.5 | 5 |
| 1963 | 6.4 | 7.3 | 5 |
| 1962 | 6.2 | 7.1 | 5 |
| 1961 | 6 | 7 | 5 |
| 1960 | 5.8 | 6.9 | 5 |
| 1959 | 5.6 | 6.8 | 5 |
| 1958 | 5.5 | 6.7 | 5 |
| 1957 | 5.5 | 6.7 | 5 |
| 1956 | 5.5 | 6.7 | 5 |
| 1955 | 5.4 | 6.7 | 5 |
| 1954 | 5.4 | 6.8 | 5 |
| 1953 | 5.4 | 6.9 | 5 |
| 1952 | 5.3 | 7 | 5 |
| 1951 | 5.3 | 7.1 | 5 |
| 1950 | 5.2 | 7.2 | 5.1 |
UN projection (medium variant) · 2024–2100
| Year | Poland | Romania | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 20.1 | 20 | 10.2 |
| 2025 | 20.8 | 20.1 | 10.4 |
| 2026 | 21.3 | 20.2 | 10.6 |
| 2027 | 21.7 | 20.3 | 10.8 |
| 2028 | 22 | 20.3 | 11.1 |
| 2029 | 22.3 | 20.4 | 11.5 |
| 2030 | 22.5 | 20.4 | 11.8 |
| 2031 | 22.8 | 20.4 | 12 |
| 2032 | 23 | 20.8 | 12.3 |
| 2033 | 23.2 | 21.6 | 12.6 |
| 2034 | 23.5 | 22.3 | 12.8 |
| 2035 | 23.7 | 22.9 | 13.1 |
| 2036 | 24 | 23.3 | 13.4 |
| 2037 | 24.4 | 23.7 | 13.7 |
| 2038 | 24.8 | 24.1 | 13.9 |
| 2039 | 25.2 | 24.5 | 14.1 |
| 2040 | 25.6 | 24.9 | 14.3 |
| 2041 | 26.1 | 25.3 | 14.5 |
| 2042 | 26.7 | 25.8 | 14.7 |
| 2043 | 27.2 | 26.2 | 14.9 |
| 2044 | 27.8 | 26.6 | 15 |
| 2045 | 28.4 | 27 | 15.2 |
| 2046 | 29 | 27.3 | 15.4 |
| 2047 | 29.7 | 27.5 | 15.7 |
| 2048 | 30.4 | 27.5 | 15.9 |
| 2049 | 31.1 | 27.6 | 16.1 |
| 2050 | 31.8 | 27.8 | 16.3 |
| 2051 | 32.5 | 28.1 | 16.6 |
| 2052 | 33.1 | 28.4 | 16.8 |
| 2053 | 33.6 | 28.8 | 17.1 |
| 2054 | 34.2 | 29.1 | 17.3 |
| 2055 | 34.7 | 29.3 | 17.6 |
| 2056 | 35.1 | 29.5 | 17.8 |
| 2057 | 35.5 | 29.5 | 18 |
| 2058 | 35.9 | 29.4 | 18.2 |
| 2059 | 36.2 | 29.4 | 18.4 |
| 2060 | 36.5 | 29.3 | 18.5 |
| 2061 | 36.7 | 29.2 | 18.7 |
| 2062 | 36.9 | 29.1 | 18.8 |
| 2063 | 37 | 29.1 | 19 |
| 2064 | 37.1 | 29 | 19.1 |
| 2065 | 37.1 | 28.9 | 19.3 |
| 2066 | 37 | 28.9 | 19.4 |
| 2067 | 36.9 | 28.8 | 19.6 |
| 2068 | 36.8 | 28.7 | 19.7 |
| 2069 | 36.7 | 28.7 | 19.9 |
| 2070 | 36.6 | 28.8 | 20 |
| 2071 | 36.6 | 28.9 | 20.2 |
| 2072 | 36.7 | 29 | 20.3 |
| 2073 | 36.8 | 29.2 | 20.5 |
| 2074 | 36.9 | 29.3 | 20.7 |
| 2075 | 37.1 | 29.5 | 20.9 |
| 2076 | 37.3 | 29.6 | 21.1 |
| 2077 | 37.5 | 29.7 | 21.3 |
| 2078 | 37.6 | 29.9 | 21.5 |
| 2079 | 37.7 | 30 | 21.7 |
| 2080 | 37.9 | 30.1 | 21.9 |
| 2081 | 38 | 30.3 | 22.1 |
| 2082 | 38.2 | 30.6 | 22.3 |
| 2083 | 38.4 | 30.8 | 22.4 |
| 2084 | 38.6 | 31 | 22.6 |
| 2085 | 38.8 | 31.2 | 22.7 |
| 2086 | 38.9 | 31.3 | 22.8 |
| 2087 | 39 | 31.4 | 22.9 |
| 2088 | 39 | 31.6 | 22.9 |
| 2089 | 39.1 | 31.7 | 23 |
| 2090 | 39.1 | 31.8 | 23.1 |
| 2091 | 39.1 | 31.9 | 23.2 |
| 2092 | 39.1 | 32 | 23.3 |
| 2093 | 39.2 | 32.1 | 23.3 |
| 2094 | 39.1 | 32.2 | 23.4 |
| 2095 | 39.1 | 32.3 | 23.5 |
| 2096 | 39.1 | 32.4 | 23.6 |
| 2097 | 39.1 | 32.5 | 23.7 |
| 2098 | 39.1 | 32.6 | 23.7 |
| 2099 | 39.1 | 32.7 | 23.8 |
| 2100 | 39.1 | 32.8 | 23.9 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- The share of the population aged 65 or older.
- Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024.
- The dashed line is the UN projection (medium variant), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 229 countries with a value in 2023, highest first.
- The faint line is the world as a whole, as the same source counts it.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Poland vs Romania
Health
- Life expectancyPoland: 78.6 years in 2023Romania: 75.9 years in 2023
- Child mortalityPoland: 0.4 per 100 live births in 2024Romania: 0.7 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityPoland: 3.2 per 1,000 live births in 2023Romania: 4.8 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterPoland: 88.9% in 2022Romania: 82.1% in 2022
- DepressionPoland: 2.25% in 2017Romania: 2.36% in 2017
- Suicide ratePoland: 14 per 100,000 people in 2017Romania: 9.2 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationPoland: 38.8 million people in 2023Romania: 19.1 million people in 2023
- Population growthPoland: -0.26% a year in 2023Romania: -0.53% a year in 2023
- Fertility ratePoland: 1.3 births per woman in 2023Romania: 1.71 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationPoland: 60.1% in 2025Romania: 52.2% in 2025
- Median agePoland: 41.3 years in 2023Romania: 42.6 years in 2023
- Net migration ratePoland: -0.2 per 1,000 people in 2023Romania: -1.5 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingPoland: 4.5% of GDP in 2025Romania: 2.28% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsPoland: $42.5B in 2025Romania: $8.81B in 2025
- Military spending per personPoland: $1,219 in 2025Romania: $513 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingPoland: 9% of government spending in 2025Romania: 5.6% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelPoland: 189,000 people in 2020Romania: 128,000 people in 2020
- National powerPoland: 0.52% of world capability in 2022Romania: 0.23% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersPoland: 1.04% of the labour force in 2020Romania: 1.52% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsPoland: 2.17 billion TIV in 2025Romania: 421 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsPoland: 59 million TIV in 2025Romania: 132 million TIV in 2025