Ethiopia vs Madagascar
Ethiopia vs Madagascar: Learning-adjusted schooling
Learning-adjusted schooling in 2020: 4.3 years in Ethiopia and 4.7 years in Madagascar, by World Bank estimates. In 2020 the value was higher in Madagascar, by 0.4 years, or 1.08 times that in Ethiopia.
years · World Bank
What the numbers say
- Madagascar has been higher since 2018, when it overtook Ethiopia.
- In 2020, Ethiopia ranked 161 and Madagascar ranked 153 of 174 countries, counting from the highest.
Every year
years · World Bank
| Year | Ethiopia | Madagascar |
|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 4.3 | 4.7 |
| 2018 | 4.5 | 4.7 |
| 2017 | 4.5 | 4.2 |
| 2010 | – | 5.1 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- The years of school a child can expect by 18, cut to what students actually learn: the World Bank’s learning-adjusted years of school.
- Source: World Bank Human Capital Index, via Our World in Data.
- Ranks count the 174 countries with a value in 2020, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Ethiopia vs Madagascar
Health
- Life expectancyEthiopia: 67.3 years in 2023Madagascar: 63.6 years in 2023
- Child mortalityEthiopia: 4.5 per 100 live births in 2024Madagascar: 6.2 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityEthiopia: 33 per 1,000 live births in 2023Madagascar: 45 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterEthiopia: 13.2% in 2022Madagascar: 22.2% in 2022
- DepressionEthiopia: 3.82% in 2017Madagascar: 3.71% in 2017
- Suicide rateEthiopia: 9.6 per 100,000 people in 2017Madagascar: 11 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationEthiopia: 129 million people in 2023Madagascar: 31.2 million people in 2023
- Population growthEthiopia: 2.59% a year in 2023Madagascar: 2.45% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateEthiopia: 3.99 births per woman in 2023Madagascar: 3.97 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationEthiopia: 24.1% in 2025Madagascar: 32.9% in 2025
- Median ageEthiopia: 18.7 years in 2023Madagascar: 18.9 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overEthiopia: 3.2% in 2023Madagascar: 3.3% in 2023
- Net migration rateEthiopia: -0.1 per 1,000 people in 2023Madagascar: -0 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingEthiopia: 0.49% of GDP in 2025Madagascar: 0.62% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsEthiopia: $785M in 2025Madagascar: $111M in 2025
- Military spending per personEthiopia: $4 in 2025Madagascar: $4 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingEthiopia: 4.1% of government spending in 2025Madagascar: 3.8% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelEthiopia: 138,000 people in 2020Madagascar: 22,000 people in 2020
- National powerEthiopia: 0.85% of world capability in 2022Madagascar: 0.11% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersEthiopia: 0.28% of the labour force in 2020Madagascar: 0.15% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsEthiopia: 63 million TIV in 2025Madagascar: 3 million TIV in 2025