Kazakhstan vs Turkmenistan
Kazakhstan vs Turkmenistan: Fertility rate
Fertility rate in 2023: 3.01 births per woman in Kazakhstan and 2.69 births per woman in Turkmenistan, by UN estimates. In 2023 the value was higher in Kazakhstan, by 0.32 births per woman, or 1.12 times that in Turkmenistan.
births per woman · UN
What the numbers say
- Kazakhstan has been higher since 2019, when it overtook Turkmenistan.
- In 2023, Kazakhstan ranked 57 and Turkmenistan ranked 71 of 229 countries, counting from the highest.
- The UN projection (medium variant) puts Kazakhstan at 1.94 births per woman and Turkmenistan at 1.81 births per woman in 2100.
- The world as a whole: 2.25 births per woman in 2023.
Every year
births per woman · UN
| Year | Kazakhstan | Turkmenistan | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 3.01 | 2.69 | 2.25 |
| 2022 | 3.05 | 2.73 | 2.27 |
| 2021 | 3.32 | 2.75 | 2.29 |
| 2020 | 3.13 | 2.79 | 2.32 |
| 2019 | 2.89 | 2.83 | 2.4 |
| 2018 | 2.85 | 2.88 | 2.44 |
| 2017 | 2.75 | 2.93 | 2.5 |
| 2016 | 2.8 | 2.99 | 2.54 |
| 2015 | 2.76 | 3.03 | 2.54 |
| 2014 | 2.76 | 3.02 | 2.56 |
| 2013 | 2.67 | 3.01 | 2.57 |
| 2012 | 2.64 | 2.96 | 2.61 |
| 2011 | 2.61 | 2.9 | 2.59 |
| 2010 | 2.61 | 2.85 | 2.6 |
| 2009 | 2.58 | 2.79 | 2.62 |
| 2008 | 2.62 | 2.75 | 2.63 |
| 2007 | 2.49 | 2.73 | 2.62 |
| 2006 | 2.38 | 2.72 | 2.63 |
| 2005 | 2.27 | 2.71 | 2.63 |
| 2004 | 2.2 | 2.68 | 2.65 |
| 2003 | 2.08 | 2.67 | 2.66 |
| 2002 | 1.96 | 2.71 | 2.68 |
| 2001 | 1.91 | 2.81 | 2.71 |
| 2000 | 1.9 | 2.9 | 2.75 |
| 1999 | 1.9 | 2.98 | 2.75 |
| 1998 | 1.94 | 3.08 | 2.78 |
| 1997 | 1.97 | 3.18 | 2.81 |
| 1996 | 2.08 | 3.29 | 2.85 |
| 1995 | 2.25 | 3.49 | 2.89 |
| 1994 | 2.38 | 3.62 | 2.93 |
| 1993 | 2.48 | 3.78 | 2.98 |
| 1992 | 2.58 | 3.96 | 3.04 |
| 1991 | 2.68 | 4.15 | 3.13 |
| 1990 | 2.75 | 4.29 | 3.31 |
| 1989 | 2.87 | 4.46 | 3.35 |
| 1988 | 3 | 4.68 | 3.39 |
| 1987 | 3.12 | 4.84 | 3.48 |
| 1986 | 3.19 | 4.94 | 3.5 |
| 1985 | 3.21 | 4.97 | 3.51 |
| 1984 | 3.15 | 4.96 | 3.55 |
| 1983 | 3.07 | 4.97 | 3.58 |
| 1982 | 3.02 | 5.04 | 3.71 |
| 1981 | 3.05 | 5.16 | 3.71 |
| 1980 | 3.09 | 5.3 | 3.74 |
| 1979 | 3.14 | 5.46 | 3.77 |
| 1978 | 3.16 | 5.61 | 3.79 |
| 1977 | 3.26 | 5.77 | 3.85 |
| 1976 | 3.33 | 5.9 | 3.97 |
| 1975 | 3.4 | 6 | 4.08 |
| 1974 | 3.45 | 6.09 | 4.26 |
| 1973 | 3.51 | 6.15 | 4.42 |
| 1972 | 3.55 | 6.2 | 4.55 |
| 1971 | 3.53 | 6.32 | 4.68 |
| 1970 | 3.51 | 6.4 | 4.83 |
| 1969 | 3.51 | 6.48 | 4.87 |
| 1968 | 3.63 | 6.56 | 4.96 |
| 1967 | 3.77 | 6.64 | 4.85 |
| 1966 | 3.82 | 6.7 | 4.96 |
| 1965 | 3.88 | 6.76 | 5.07 |
| 1964 | 4.07 | 6.79 | 5.12 |
| 1963 | 4.26 | 6.79 | 5.31 |
| 1962 | 4.36 | 6.76 | 5.02 |
| 1961 | 4.42 | 6.69 | 4.57 |
| 1960 | 4.5 | 6.59 | 4.7 |
| 1959 | 4.57 | 6.56 | 4.74 |
| 1958 | 4.68 | 6.51 | 4.93 |
| 1957 | 4.64 | 6.34 | 5.07 |
| 1956 | 4.57 | 6.16 | 4.93 |
| 1955 | 4.51 | 5.97 | 5 |
| 1954 | 4.48 | 5.77 | 5 |
| 1953 | 4.5 | 5.57 | 4.92 |
| 1952 | 4.51 | 5.25 | 5 |
| 1951 | 4.54 | 5.25 | 4.82 |
| 1950 | 4.56 | 5.26 | 4.85 |
UN projection (medium variant) · 2024–2100
| Year | Kazakhstan | Turkmenistan | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 2.982.6–3.39 | 2.662.11–3.24 | 2.25 |
| 2025 | 2.952.49–3.42 | 2.632.05–3.25 | 2.24 |
| 2026 | 2.922.4–3.46 | 2.61.99–3.28 | 2.23 |
| 2027 | 2.92.33–3.51 | 2.571.95–3.26 | 2.22 |
| 2028 | 2.872.25–3.53 | 2.541.9–3.25 | 2.21 |
| 2029 | 2.842.2–3.53 | 2.511.85–3.25 | 2.2 |
| 2030 | 2.812.14–3.56 | 2.491.81–3.26 | 2.2 |
| 2031 | 2.792.05–3.55 | 2.461.77–3.25 | 2.19 |
| 2032 | 2.762.01–3.57 | 2.431.73–3.26 | 2.18 |
| 2033 | 2.741.96–3.56 | 2.411.73–3.26 | 2.17 |
| 2034 | 2.711.91–3.56 | 2.391.7–3.24 | 2.16 |
| 2035 | 2.691.89–3.58 | 2.371.66–3.23 | 2.15 |
| 2036 | 2.661.87–3.55 | 2.351.63–3.21 | 2.15 |
| 2037 | 2.641.83–3.54 | 2.331.6–3.19 | 2.14 |
| 2038 | 2.621.79–3.53 | 2.311.57–3.19 | 2.13 |
| 2039 | 2.61.77–3.54 | 2.291.54–3.24 | 2.13 |
| 2040 | 2.581.74–3.56 | 2.271.53–3.24 | 2.13 |
| 2041 | 2.561.74–3.58 | 2.261.52–3.19 | 2.12 |
| 2042 | 2.541.71–3.57 | 2.241.49–3.17 | 2.12 |
| 2043 | 2.521.68–3.57 | 2.221.48–3.16 | 2.12 |
| 2044 | 2.51.64–3.58 | 2.211.47–3.15 | 2.12 |
| 2045 | 2.481.62–3.57 | 2.191.45–3.14 | 2.12 |
| 2046 | 2.471.58–3.59 | 2.181.44–3.12 | 2.11 |
| 2047 | 2.451.56–3.56 | 2.161.43–3.12 | 2.11 |
| 2048 | 2.431.53–3.56 | 2.151.43–3.09 | 2.11 |
| 2049 | 2.411.51–3.56 | 2.141.4–3.09 | 2.1 |
| 2050 | 2.391.5–3.54 | 2.131.4–3.05 | 2.1 |
| 2051 | 2.381.49–3.54 | 2.121.38–3.07 | 2.09 |
| 2052 | 2.361.46–3.52 | 2.11.36–3.09 | 2.09 |
| 2053 | 2.341.44–3.52 | 2.091.35–3.09 | 2.08 |
| 2054 | 2.331.42–3.52 | 2.081.34–3.09 | 2.07 |
| 2055 | 2.311.43–3.58 | 2.071.35–3.07 | 2.07 |
| 2056 | 2.31.42–3.55 | 2.061.33–3.02 | 2.06 |
| 2057 | 2.291.38–3.56 | 2.051.32–3.03 | 2.05 |
| 2058 | 2.281.39–3.51 | 2.031.31–3.02 | 2.04 |
| 2059 | 2.271.39–3.51 | 2.021.3–3.02 | 2.04 |
| 2060 | 2.251.37–3.46 | 2.011.28–3.03 | 2.03 |
| 2061 | 2.241.35–3.46 | 21.28–3.01 | 2.02 |
| 2062 | 2.231.36–3.48 | 21.27–3 | 2.02 |
| 2063 | 2.221.35–3.47 | 1.991.25–2.95 | 2.01 |
| 2064 | 2.21.33–3.49 | 1.981.26–2.93 | 2 |
| 2065 | 2.191.32–3.47 | 1.971.25–2.92 | 2 |
| 2066 | 2.181.3–3.51 | 1.961.24–2.94 | 1.99 |
| 2067 | 2.171.3–3.46 | 1.961.22–2.95 | 1.98 |
| 2068 | 2.161.31–3.42 | 1.951.24–2.92 | 1.98 |
| 2069 | 2.151.29–3.43 | 1.951.21–2.95 | 1.97 |
| 2070 | 2.141.27–3.38 | 1.941.19–2.93 | 1.97 |
| 2071 | 2.141.24–3.4 | 1.931.19–2.88 | 1.96 |
| 2072 | 2.131.24–3.4 | 1.931.2–2.88 | 1.96 |
| 2073 | 2.121.22–3.42 | 1.921.19–2.87 | 1.95 |
| 2074 | 2.111.23–3.36 | 1.921.19–2.88 | 1.95 |
| 2075 | 2.11.22–3.37 | 1.911.2–2.91 | 1.94 |
| 2076 | 2.091.22–3.41 | 1.911.2–2.89 | 1.94 |
| 2077 | 2.081.21–3.37 | 1.91.19–2.86 | 1.94 |
| 2078 | 2.071.24–3.37 | 1.91.19–2.85 | 1.93 |
| 2079 | 2.061.24–3.36 | 1.891.18–2.85 | 1.93 |
| 2080 | 2.061.22–3.31 | 1.891.17–2.87 | 1.92 |
| 2081 | 2.051.21–3.36 | 1.881.17–2.86 | 1.92 |
| 2082 | 2.041.19–3.31 | 1.881.16–2.86 | 1.91 |
| 2083 | 2.031.17–3.26 | 1.871.15–2.87 | 1.91 |
| 2084 | 2.031.17–3.29 | 1.871.14–2.89 | 1.91 |
| 2085 | 2.021.16–3.27 | 1.871.12–2.89 | 1.9 |
| 2086 | 2.011.17–3.23 | 1.861.12–2.87 | 1.9 |
| 2087 | 2.011.16–3.23 | 1.851.11–2.85 | 1.89 |
| 2088 | 21.15–3.17 | 1.851.11–2.8 | 1.89 |
| 2089 | 1.991.17–3.16 | 1.841.11–2.77 | 1.88 |
| 2090 | 1.991.16–3.16 | 1.841.11–2.77 | 1.88 |
| 2091 | 1.981.15–3.11 | 1.841.11–2.75 | 1.88 |
| 2092 | 1.981.15–3.16 | 1.831.11–2.74 | 1.87 |
| 2093 | 1.981.14–3.14 | 1.831.13–2.73 | 1.87 |
| 2094 | 1.971.13–3.16 | 1.821.13–2.72 | 1.86 |
| 2095 | 1.971.14–3.16 | 1.821.12–2.71 | 1.86 |
| 2096 | 1.961.12–3.12 | 1.821.13–2.69 | 1.85 |
| 2097 | 1.961.13–3.08 | 1.821.12–2.68 | 1.85 |
| 2098 | 1.951.11–3.11 | 1.811.11–2.67 | 1.85 |
| 2099 | 1.951.14–3.09 | 1.811.11–2.66 | 1.84 |
| 2100 | 1.941.12–3.11 | 1.811.09–2.69 | 1.84 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- The children a woman would have over her life at the year’s birth rates for each age.
- Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024.
- The dashed line is the UN projection (medium variant), a scenario rather than a forecast; the band is its 95% prediction interval.
- Ranks count the 229 countries with a value in 2023, highest first.
- The faint line is the world as a whole, as the same source counts it.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Kazakhstan vs Turkmenistan
Health
- Life expectancyKazakhstan: 74.4 years in 2023Turkmenistan: 70.1 years in 2023
- Child mortalityKazakhstan: 0.9 per 100 live births in 2024Turkmenistan: 3.9 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityKazakhstan: 8.1 per 1,000 live births in 2023Turkmenistan: 31.8 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterKazakhstan: 89.4% in 2021Turkmenistan: 94.9% in 2022
- DepressionKazakhstan: 3.51% in 2017Turkmenistan: 2.82% in 2017
- Suicide rateKazakhstan: 23 per 100,000 people in 2017Turkmenistan: 8.7 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationKazakhstan: 20.3 million people in 2023Turkmenistan: 7.36 million people in 2023
- Population growthKazakhstan: 1.32% a year in 2023Turkmenistan: 1.8% a year in 2023
- Urban populationKazakhstan: 62.4% in 2025Turkmenistan: 47.1% in 2025
- Median ageKazakhstan: 29.5 years in 2023Turkmenistan: 26.2 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overKazakhstan: 8.3% in 2023Turkmenistan: 4.3% in 2023
- Net migration rateKazakhstan: -0.2 per 1,000 people in 2023Turkmenistan: 2 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingKazakhstan: 0.43% of GDP in 2025Turkmenistan: 3.11% of GDP in 1999
- Military spending in US dollarsKazakhstan: $1.31B in 2025Turkmenistan: $188M in 1999
- Military spending per personKazakhstan: $63 in 2025Turkmenistan: $25 in 1999
- Military share of state spendingKazakhstan: 2.1% of government spending in 2025Turkmenistan: 15% of government spending in 1999
- Armed forces personnelKazakhstan: 71,000 people in 2020Turkmenistan: 57,000 people in 2020
- National powerKazakhstan: 0.27% of world capability in 2022Turkmenistan: 0.13% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersKazakhstan: 0.74% of the labour force in 2020Turkmenistan: 2.87% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsKazakhstan: 18 million TIV in 2025Turkmenistan: 382 million TIV in 2021