Kazakhstan vs Turkmenistan
Kazakhstan vs Turkmenistan: Urban population
Urban population in 2025: 62.4% in Kazakhstan and 47.1% in Turkmenistan, by UN estimates. In 2025 the value was higher in Kazakhstan, by 15.3 percentage points, or 1.32 times that in Turkmenistan.
% of people · UN
What the numbers say
- Kazakhstan has been higher since 1965, when it overtook Turkmenistan.
- In 2025, Kazakhstan ranked 126 and Turkmenistan ranked 163 of 229 countries, counting from the highest.
- The UN projection (World Urbanization Prospects 2025) puts Kazakhstan at 67.2% and Turkmenistan at 47.5% in 2050.
Every year
% of people · UN
| Year | Kazakhstan | Turkmenistan |
|---|---|---|
| 2025 | 62.4 | 47.1 |
| 2024 | 62.1 | 47.1 |
| 2023 | 61.8 | 47.1 |
| 2022 | 61.4 | 47.1 |
| 2021 | 61 | 47.1 |
| 2020 | 60 | 47.1 |
| 2019 | 59.1 | 47.1 |
| 2018 | 58.2 | 47 |
| 2017 | 57.5 | 47 |
| 2016 | 56.8 | 47 |
| 2015 | 56.1 | 47 |
| 2014 | 55.6 | 47 |
| 2013 | 55.1 | 47 |
| 2012 | 54.7 | 47 |
| 2011 | 54.4 | 46.9 |
| 2010 | 54.2 | 46.9 |
| 2009 | 54.1 | 46.9 |
| 2008 | 54.1 | 46.9 |
| 2007 | 54.2 | 46.8 |
| 2006 | 54.4 | 46.8 |
| 2005 | 54.7 | 46.8 |
| 2004 | 54.9 | 46.7 |
| 2003 | 55.2 | 46.7 |
| 2002 | 55.5 | 46.6 |
| 2001 | 55.8 | 46.4 |
| 2000 | 56 | 46.1 |
| 1999 | 56.2 | 45.7 |
| 1998 | 56.4 | 45.4 |
| 1997 | 56.5 | 45.1 |
| 1996 | 56.6 | 44.8 |
| 1995 | 56.8 | 44.7 |
| 1994 | 56.9 | 44.7 |
| 1993 | 57 | 44.7 |
| 1992 | 57.1 | 44.8 |
| 1991 | 57.2 | 44.9 |
| 1990 | 57.2 | 45 |
| 1989 | 57.2 | 45.1 |
| 1988 | 57.2 | 45.2 |
| 1987 | 57.1 | 45.4 |
| 1986 | 56.8 | 45.6 |
| 1985 | 56.5 | 45.9 |
| 1984 | 56 | 46.2 |
| 1983 | 55.6 | 46.4 |
| 1982 | 55.1 | 46.7 |
| 1981 | 54.6 | 47 |
| 1980 | 54.1 | 47.2 |
| 1979 | 53.7 | 47.3 |
| 1978 | 53.3 | 47.4 |
| 1977 | 53 | 47.5 |
| 1976 | 52.6 | 47.6 |
| 1975 | 52.3 | 47.7 |
| 1974 | 52 | 47.7 |
| 1973 | 51.6 | 47.8 |
| 1972 | 51.3 | 47.9 |
| 1971 | 50.9 | 47.9 |
| 1970 | 50.5 | 47.9 |
| 1969 | 50 | 47.9 |
| 1968 | 49.5 | 47.9 |
| 1967 | 49 | 47.8 |
| 1966 | 48.5 | 47.7 |
| 1965 | 47.9 | 47.5 |
| 1964 | 47.3 | 47.4 |
| 1963 | 46.7 | 47.2 |
| 1962 | 46 | 47 |
| 1961 | 45.4 | 46.8 |
| 1960 | 44.7 | 46.6 |
| 1959 | 44.1 | 46.3 |
| 1958 | 43.4 | 46.1 |
| 1957 | 42.7 | 45.8 |
| 1956 | 42.1 | 45.5 |
| 1955 | 41.4 | 45.1 |
| 1954 | 40.7 | 44.7 |
| 1953 | 40 | 44.2 |
| 1952 | 39.3 | 43.7 |
| 1951 | 38.6 | 43.1 |
| 1950 | 37.9 | 42.5 |
UN projection (World Urbanization Prospects 2025) · 2026–2050
| Year | Kazakhstan | Turkmenistan |
|---|---|---|
| 2026 | 62.7 | 47.1 |
| 2027 | 63 | 47.1 |
| 2028 | 63.3 | 47.2 |
| 2029 | 63.6 | 47.2 |
| 2030 | 63.9 | 47.2 |
| 2031 | 64.2 | 47.2 |
| 2032 | 64.4 | 47.2 |
| 2033 | 64.7 | 47.3 |
| 2034 | 64.9 | 47.3 |
| 2035 | 65.2 | 47.3 |
| 2036 | 65.4 | 47.3 |
| 2037 | 65.6 | 47.3 |
| 2038 | 65.9 | 47.3 |
| 2039 | 66.1 | 47.4 |
| 2040 | 66.2 | 47.4 |
| 2041 | 66.4 | 47.4 |
| 2042 | 66.6 | 47.4 |
| 2043 | 66.7 | 47.4 |
| 2044 | 66.8 | 47.4 |
| 2045 | 67 | 47.5 |
| 2046 | 67 | 47.5 |
| 2047 | 67.1 | 47.5 |
| 2048 | 67.2 | 47.5 |
| 2049 | 67.2 | 47.5 |
| 2050 | 67.2 | 47.5 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- The share of people living in places the country itself counts as urban.
- Source: UN DESA, World Urbanization Prospects 2025.
- The dashed line is the UN projection (World Urbanization Prospects 2025), a scenario rather than a forecast.
- Ranks count the 229 countries with a value in 2025, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Kazakhstan vs Turkmenistan
Health
- Life expectancyKazakhstan: 74.4 years in 2023Turkmenistan: 70.1 years in 2023
- Child mortalityKazakhstan: 0.9 per 100 live births in 2024Turkmenistan: 3.9 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityKazakhstan: 8.1 per 1,000 live births in 2023Turkmenistan: 31.8 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterKazakhstan: 89.4% in 2021Turkmenistan: 94.9% in 2022
- DepressionKazakhstan: 3.51% in 2017Turkmenistan: 2.82% in 2017
- Suicide rateKazakhstan: 23 per 100,000 people in 2017Turkmenistan: 8.7 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationKazakhstan: 20.3 million people in 2023Turkmenistan: 7.36 million people in 2023
- Population growthKazakhstan: 1.32% a year in 2023Turkmenistan: 1.8% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateKazakhstan: 3.01 births per woman in 2023Turkmenistan: 2.69 births per woman in 2023
- Median ageKazakhstan: 29.5 years in 2023Turkmenistan: 26.2 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overKazakhstan: 8.3% in 2023Turkmenistan: 4.3% in 2023
- Net migration rateKazakhstan: -0.2 per 1,000 people in 2023Turkmenistan: 2 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingKazakhstan: 0.43% of GDP in 2025Turkmenistan: 3.11% of GDP in 1999
- Military spending in US dollarsKazakhstan: $1.31B in 2025Turkmenistan: $188M in 1999
- Military spending per personKazakhstan: $63 in 2025Turkmenistan: $25 in 1999
- Military share of state spendingKazakhstan: 2.1% of government spending in 2025Turkmenistan: 15% of government spending in 1999
- Armed forces personnelKazakhstan: 71,000 people in 2020Turkmenistan: 57,000 people in 2020
- National powerKazakhstan: 0.27% of world capability in 2022Turkmenistan: 0.13% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersKazakhstan: 0.74% of the labour force in 2020Turkmenistan: 2.87% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsKazakhstan: 18 million TIV in 2025Turkmenistan: 382 million TIV in 2021