Estonia vs Latvia
Estonia vs Latvia: Median age
Median age in 2023: 41.9 years in Estonia and 43.1 years in Latvia, by UN estimates. In 2023 the value was higher in Latvia, by 1.2 years, or 1.03 times that in Estonia.
years · UN
What the numbers say
- Latvia has been higher since 2001, when it overtook Estonia.
- In 2023, Estonia ranked 37 and Latvia ranked 30 of 229 countries, counting from the highest.
- The UN projection (medium variant) puts Estonia at 52.1 years and Latvia at 53.3 years in 2100.
- The world as a whole: 30.4 years in 2023.
Every year
years · UN
| Year | Estonia | Latvia | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2023 | 41.9 | 43.1 | 30.4 |
| 2022 | 41.6 | 43 | 30.1 |
| 2021 | 41.5 | 42.9 | 29.8 |
| 2020 | 41.4 | 42.8 | 29.6 |
| 2019 | 41.2 | 42.6 | 29.3 |
| 2018 | 41.1 | 42.5 | 29 |
| 2017 | 40.9 | 42.3 | 28.8 |
| 2016 | 40.7 | 42 | 28.5 |
| 2015 | 40.6 | 41.8 | 28.3 |
| 2014 | 40.4 | 41.6 | 28.1 |
| 2013 | 40.2 | 41.3 | 27.8 |
| 2012 | 39.8 | 40.9 | 27.6 |
| 2011 | 39.5 | 40.6 | 27.4 |
| 2010 | 39.3 | 40.1 | 27.2 |
| 2009 | 39 | 39.5 | 27 |
| 2008 | 38.8 | 39.1 | 26.7 |
| 2007 | 38.7 | 38.9 | 26.5 |
| 2006 | 38.5 | 38.7 | 26.3 |
| 2005 | 38.3 | 38.4 | 26.1 |
| 2004 | 38.1 | 38.2 | 25.9 |
| 2003 | 37.9 | 37.9 | 25.7 |
| 2002 | 37.6 | 37.7 | 25.5 |
| 2001 | 37.3 | 37.4 | 25.3 |
| 2000 | 37.1 | 37 | 25.1 |
| 1999 | 36.7 | 36.7 | 24.9 |
| 1998 | 36.3 | 36.3 | 24.7 |
| 1997 | 36 | 35.9 | 24.4 |
| 1996 | 35.7 | 35.5 | 24.2 |
| 1995 | 35.3 | 35.2 | 24 |
| 1994 | 35 | 34.9 | 23.8 |
| 1993 | 34.6 | 34.6 | 23.5 |
| 1992 | 34.1 | 34.2 | 23.3 |
| 1991 | 33.6 | 33.8 | 23.1 |
| 1990 | 33.3 | 33.5 | 22.9 |
| 1989 | 33.2 | 33.5 | 22.8 |
| 1988 | 33 | 33.5 | 22.6 |
| 1987 | 33 | 33.6 | 22.4 |
| 1986 | 33 | 33.7 | 22.2 |
| 1985 | 32.9 | 33.7 | 22 |
| 1984 | 32.9 | 33.7 | 21.9 |
| 1983 | 32.9 | 33.6 | 21.8 |
| 1982 | 32.8 | 33.6 | 21.7 |
| 1981 | 32.7 | 33.7 | 21.6 |
| 1980 | 32.7 | 33.9 | 21.5 |
| 1979 | 32.8 | 34.1 | 21.3 |
| 1978 | 33 | 34.2 | 21.1 |
| 1977 | 33.3 | 34.1 | 21 |
| 1976 | 33.4 | 34 | 20.8 |
| 1975 | 33.4 | 33.9 | 20.7 |
| 1974 | 33.2 | 33.8 | 20.5 |
| 1973 | 33.1 | 33.6 | 20.4 |
| 1972 | 33 | 33.5 | 20.4 |
| 1971 | 32.8 | 33.3 | 20.3 |
| 1970 | 32.7 | 33.2 | 20.3 |
| 1969 | 32.6 | 33 | 20.3 |
| 1968 | 32.5 | 32.9 | 20.4 |
| 1967 | 32.4 | 32.8 | 20.5 |
| 1966 | 32.3 | 32.6 | 20.6 |
| 1965 | 32.1 | 32.3 | 20.8 |
| 1964 | 31.9 | 32.1 | 21 |
| 1963 | 31.7 | 31.8 | 21.2 |
| 1962 | 31.5 | 31.6 | 21.4 |
| 1961 | 31.3 | 31.4 | 21.4 |
| 1960 | 31.1 | 31.2 | 21.5 |
| 1959 | 30.9 | 30.8 | 21.5 |
| 1958 | 30.1 | 30.3 | 21.5 |
| 1957 | 29.3 | 30.1 | 21.6 |
| 1956 | 29.1 | 29.8 | 21.7 |
| 1955 | 28.9 | 29.6 | 21.8 |
| 1954 | 28.8 | 29.4 | 21.9 |
| 1953 | 28.7 | 29.2 | 22 |
| 1952 | 28.7 | 29.1 | 22.1 |
| 1951 | 28.8 | 29.1 | 22.1 |
| 1950 | 29 | 29.2 | 22.2 |
UN projection (medium variant) · 2024–2100
| Year | Estonia | Latvia | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 | 42.342.2–42.3 | 43.343.2–43.4 | 30.6 |
| 2025 | 42.842.6–42.9 | 43.643.3–43.9 | 30.9 |
| 2026 | 43.243–43.5 | 43.843.4–44.4 | 31.1 |
| 2027 | 43.643.2–43.9 | 44.143.5–44.8 | 31.3 |
| 2028 | 43.943.5–44.4 | 44.443.5–45.3 | 31.6 |
| 2029 | 44.343.7–44.8 | 44.743.6–45.8 | 31.8 |
| 2030 | 44.743.9–45.3 | 4543.7–46.3 | 32 |
| 2031 | 4544.2–45.8 | 45.343.8–46.9 | 32.2 |
| 2032 | 45.444.4–46.3 | 45.643.9–47.5 | 32.4 |
| 2033 | 45.844.7–46.8 | 4643.9–48 | 32.6 |
| 2034 | 46.244.9–47.3 | 46.343.9–48.6 | 32.8 |
| 2035 | 46.645.2–47.7 | 46.643.9–49.1 | 33 |
| 2036 | 46.945.4–48.2 | 46.943.9–49.7 | 33.2 |
| 2037 | 47.345.6–48.7 | 47.343.8–50.3 | 33.4 |
| 2038 | 47.745.7–49.2 | 47.543.6–50.8 | 33.6 |
| 2039 | 4845.7–49.7 | 47.843.4–51.4 | 33.8 |
| 2040 | 48.345.7–50.2 | 48.143.1–52 | 34 |
| 2041 | 48.645.5–50.7 | 48.342.8–52.5 | 34.2 |
| 2042 | 48.745.3–51.2 | 48.542.4–53 | 34.4 |
| 2043 | 48.945.1–51.7 | 48.642.1–53.6 | 34.6 |
| 2044 | 48.944.8–52.1 | 48.641.9–54.1 | 34.8 |
| 2045 | 48.944.5–52.5 | 48.641.7–54.6 | 35 |
| 2046 | 48.944.3–52.9 | 48.441.6–55.1 | 35.2 |
| 2047 | 48.844.1–53.3 | 48.241.6–55.6 | 35.4 |
| 2048 | 48.644–53.6 | 48.141.5–56.1 | 35.6 |
| 2049 | 48.543.9–53.9 | 4841.5–56.6 | 35.9 |
| 2050 | 48.443.8–54.1 | 4841.6–57 | 36.1 |
| 2051 | 48.343.8–54.3 | 47.941.7–57.4 | 36.3 |
| 2052 | 48.243.9–54.4 | 47.941.8–57.8 | 36.5 |
| 2053 | 48.243.9–54.5 | 47.941.9–58.1 | 36.7 |
| 2054 | 48.244–54.5 | 4841.9–58.5 | 36.9 |
| 2055 | 48.344.1–54.6 | 48.142–58.8 | 37.1 |
| 2056 | 48.544.2–54.6 | 48.342.1–59.1 | 37.3 |
| 2057 | 48.744.3–54.7 | 48.542.3–59.2 | 37.5 |
| 2058 | 48.944.4–54.7 | 48.742.5–59.4 | 37.6 |
| 2059 | 49.144.5–54.8 | 4942.6–59.5 | 37.8 |
| 2060 | 49.444.6–54.9 | 49.142.8–59.7 | 37.9 |
| 2061 | 49.644.6–55.1 | 49.342.9–60 | 38 |
| 2062 | 49.844.7–55.3 | 49.543–60.2 | 38.1 |
| 2063 | 5044.9–55.6 | 49.743–60.4 | 38.3 |
| 2064 | 50.245–55.9 | 49.943.1–60.6 | 38.4 |
| 2065 | 50.345.1–56.2 | 50.243.2–61 | 38.5 |
| 2066 | 50.545.2–56.6 | 50.543.3–61.3 | 38.6 |
| 2067 | 50.745.3–57 | 50.843.3–61.6 | 38.7 |
| 2068 | 50.945.3–57.3 | 51.143.3–61.8 | 38.8 |
| 2069 | 5145.3–57.7 | 51.443.4–62.2 | 38.9 |
| 2070 | 51.245.2–58 | 51.743.4–62.5 | 39 |
| 2071 | 51.445.2–58.3 | 51.943.4–62.9 | 39.1 |
| 2072 | 51.645.1–58.6 | 52.143.5–63.4 | 39.2 |
| 2073 | 51.745–58.8 | 52.343.4–63.8 | 39.3 |
| 2074 | 51.844.9–59.1 | 52.443.5–64.2 | 39.4 |
| 2075 | 51.844.9–59.3 | 52.643.5–64.5 | 39.5 |
| 2076 | 51.844.8–59.6 | 52.643.4–64.8 | 39.6 |
| 2077 | 51.744.7–59.9 | 52.643.4–65.2 | 39.7 |
| 2078 | 51.544.7–60.2 | 52.543.4–65.5 | 39.8 |
| 2079 | 51.444.6–60.6 | 52.543.4–65.9 | 40 |
| 2080 | 51.344.6–61 | 52.443.5–66.4 | 40.1 |
| 2081 | 51.144.6–61.4 | 52.343.5–66.9 | 40.2 |
| 2082 | 5144.6–61.8 | 52.243.6–67.4 | 40.3 |
| 2083 | 50.944.6–62.1 | 52.143.7–68 | 40.4 |
| 2084 | 50.844.6–62.5 | 5243.8–68.6 | 40.5 |
| 2085 | 50.744.6–62.9 | 5243.9–69.2 | 40.6 |
| 2086 | 50.744.6–63.2 | 51.944–69.7 | 40.7 |
| 2087 | 50.644.7–63.4 | 51.944.1–70.3 | 40.9 |
| 2088 | 50.744.7–63.5 | 51.944.2–70.9 | 41 |
| 2089 | 50.744.8–63.6 | 51.944.3–71.5 | 41.1 |
| 2090 | 50.844.8–63.7 | 5244.4–72 | 41.2 |
| 2091 | 50.944.9–63.8 | 52.144.5–72.5 | 41.3 |
| 2092 | 5144.9–63.9 | 52.244.6–73 | 41.4 |
| 2093 | 51.145–63.9 | 52.344.7–73.5 | 41.5 |
| 2094 | 51.245.1–63.8 | 52.444.8–73.9 | 41.6 |
| 2095 | 51.445.2–63.8 | 52.545–74.3 | 41.7 |
| 2096 | 51.545.3–63.7 | 52.745.2–74.6 | 41.8 |
| 2097 | 51.745.4–63.5 | 52.845.2–74.9 | 41.9 |
| 2098 | 51.845.5–63.4 | 5345.4–75.1 | 42 |
| 2099 | 5245.5–63.3 | 53.145.5–75.1 | 42 |
| 2100 | 52.145.5–63.2 | 53.345.6–74.5 | 42.1 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- Half the people are older than this age and half are younger.
- Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024.
- The dashed line is the UN projection (medium variant), a scenario rather than a forecast; the band is its 95% prediction interval.
- Ranks count the 229 countries with a value in 2023, highest first.
- The faint line is the world as a whole, as the same source counts it.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Estonia vs Latvia
Health
- Life expectancyEstonia: 79.2 years in 2023Latvia: 76.2 years in 2023
- Child mortalityEstonia: 0.2 per 100 live births in 2024Latvia: 0.3 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityEstonia: 1.4 per 1,000 live births in 2023Latvia: 2.9 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- Safe drinking waterEstonia: 97% in 2022Latvia: 97.1% in 2022
- DepressionEstonia: 3.85% in 2017Latvia: 3.5% in 2017
- Suicide rateEstonia: 12.7 per 100,000 people in 2017Latvia: 17 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationEstonia: 1.37 million people in 2023Latvia: 1.88 million people in 2023
- Population growthEstonia: 0% a year in 2023Latvia: -0.29% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateEstonia: 1.35 births per woman in 2023Latvia: 1.34 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationEstonia: 70.7% in 2025Latvia: 68.6% in 2025
- People aged 65 and overEstonia: 20.9% in 2023Latvia: 21.3% in 2023
- Net migration rateEstonia: 4.2 per 1,000 people in 2023Latvia: 4.2 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingEstonia: 3.37% of GDP in 2025Latvia: 3.61% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending in US dollarsEstonia: $1.44B in 2025Latvia: $1.6B in 2025
- Military spending per personEstonia: $1,164 in 2025Latvia: $929 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingEstonia: 7.5% of government spending in 2025Latvia: 8.2% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelEstonia: 7,000 people in 2020Latvia: 9,000 people in 2020
- National powerEstonia: 0.02% of world capability in 2022Latvia: 0.02% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersEstonia: 1% of the labour force in 2020Latvia: 0.92% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsEstonia: 204 million TIV in 2025Latvia: 19 million TIV in 2024
- Arms exportsEstonia: 2 million TIV in 2024Latvia: 1 million TIV in 2025