Eritrea vs Ethiopia
Eritrea vs Ethiopia: Armed forces, share of workers
Armed forces, share of workers in 2020: 13.29% of the labour force in Eritrea and 0.28% of the labour force in Ethiopia, by IISS estimates. In 2020 the value was higher in Eritrea, by 13.01 percentage points, or 47 times that in Ethiopia.
% of the labour force · IISS
What the numbers say
- Eritrea has been higher in every year both have figures for since 1993.
- In 2020, Eritrea ranked 1 and Ethiopia ranked 146 of 168 countries, counting from the highest.
- The world as a whole: 0.79% of the labour force in 2020.
Every year
% of the labour force · IISS
| Year | Eritrea | Ethiopia | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2020 | 13.29 | 0.28 | 0.79 |
| 2019 | 13.48 | 0.28 | 0.79 |
| 2018 | 13.73 | 0.29 | 0.8 |
| 2017 | 13.97 | 0.29 | 0.8 |
| 2016 | 14.1 | 0.29 | 0.81 |
| 2015 | 14.17 | 0.3 | 0.82 |
| 2014 | 14.21 | 0.3 | 0.82 |
| 2013 | 14.26 | 0.31 | 0.83 |
| 2012 | 14.46 | 0.32 | 0.87 |
| 2011 | 14.67 | 0.33 | 0.88 |
| 2010 | 14.97 | 0.34 | 0.89 |
| 2009 | 15.28 | 0.36 | 0.89 |
| 2008 | 15.74 | 0.37 | 0.89 |
| 2007 | 16.23 | 0.38 | 0.89 |
| 2006 | – | – | 0.95 |
| 2005 | 16.63 | 0.54 | 0.96 |
| 2004 | 16.96 | 0.56 | 0.94 |
| 2003 | 17.93 | 0.51 | 0.98 |
| 2002 | 16.1 | 0.82 | 1 |
| 2001 | 16.76 | 0.85 | 1.01 |
| 2000 | 20.13 | 1.22 | 1.07 |
| 1999 | 20.33 | 1.16 | 1.09 |
| 1998 | 4.82 | 0.44 | 1.13 |
| 1997 | 4.72 | 0.45 | 1.15 |
| 1996 | 5.64 | 0.46 | 1.18 |
| 1995 | 5.97 | 0.48 | 1.2 |
| 1994 | 6.41 | 0.49 | 0.94 |
| 1993 | 6.61 | 0.51 | 0.98 |
| 1992 | – | 0.53 | 1.03 |
| 1991 | – | 0.55 | 1.03 |
| 1990 | – | 1.19 | 1.11 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- Active-duty military personnel as a share of everyone working or looking for work, by the IISS Military Balance.
- Source: IISS, The Military Balance, via the World Bank.
- Ranks count the 168 countries with a value in 2020, highest first.
- The faint line is the world as a whole, as the same source counts it.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Eritrea vs Ethiopia
Health
- Life expectancyEritrea: 68.6 years in 2023Ethiopia: 67.3 years in 2023
- Child mortalityEritrea: 3.4 per 100 live births in 2024Ethiopia: 4.5 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityEritrea: 27.1 per 1,000 live births in 2023Ethiopia: 33 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionEritrea: 3.87% in 2017Ethiopia: 3.82% in 2017
- Suicide rateEritrea: 15.7 per 100,000 people in 2017Ethiopia: 9.6 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationEritrea: 3.47 million people in 2023Ethiopia: 129 million people in 2023
- Population growthEritrea: 1.81% a year in 2023Ethiopia: 2.59% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateEritrea: 3.71 births per woman in 2023Ethiopia: 3.99 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationEritrea: 34.5% in 2025Ethiopia: 24.1% in 2025
- Median ageEritrea: 18.7 years in 2023Ethiopia: 18.7 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overEritrea: 4.2% in 2023Ethiopia: 3.2% in 2023
- Net migration rateEritrea: -4.4 per 1,000 people in 2023Ethiopia: -0.1 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingEritrea: 20.87% of GDP in 2003Ethiopia: 0.49% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending per personEritrea: $75 in 2003Ethiopia: $4 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingEritrea: 46.4% of government spending in 2003Ethiopia: 4.1% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelEritrea: 202,000 people in 2020Ethiopia: 138,000 people in 2020
- National powerEritrea: 0.31% of world capability in 2022Ethiopia: 0.85% of world capability in 2022
- Arms importsEritrea: 4 million TIV in 2007Ethiopia: 63 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsEritrea: 0 TIV in 2006Ethiopia: 17 million TIV in 1997