Eritrea vs Ethiopia
Eritrea vs Ethiopia: Net migration rate
Net migration rate in 2023: -4.4 per 1,000 people in Eritrea and -0.1 per 1,000 people in Ethiopia, by UN estimates. In 2023 the value was higher in Ethiopia, by 4.3 per 1,000 people.
per 1,000 people · UN
What the numbers say
- Ethiopia has been higher since 2009, when it overtook Eritrea.
- In 2023, Eritrea ranked 197 and Ethiopia ranked 114 of 229 countries, counting from the highest.
- The UN projection (medium variant) puts Eritrea at -0.8 per 1,000 people and Ethiopia at 0.4 per 1,000 people in 2100.
Every year
per 1,000 people · UN
| Year | Eritrea | Ethiopia |
|---|---|---|
| 2023 | -4.4 | -0.1 |
| 2022 | -5 | -0.1 |
| 2021 | -4.5 | -0 |
| 2020 | -4.5 | 0.3 |
| 2019 | -9.2 | -0.1 |
| 2018 | -6.7 | 0.1 |
| 2017 | -12.3 | 0.7 |
| 2016 | -17.7 | 1.1 |
| 2015 | -17.1 | 0.6 |
| 2014 | -24.5 | 1 |
| 2013 | -11.1 | 0.8 |
| 2012 | -14.3 | 1.2 |
| 2011 | -11 | 1.3 |
| 2010 | -4.5 | 0.9 |
| 2009 | -8.4 | 0.2 |
| 2008 | 6.3 | -0.2 |
| 2007 | -6.6 | -0 |
| 2006 | -18.5 | -0.4 |
| 2005 | -4.8 | -0.6 |
| 2004 | -2.5 | -0.3 |
| 2003 | 30.8 | -0.2 |
| 2002 | -2.7 | -0.2 |
| 2001 | 18.1 | -0.3 |
| 2000 | -14.7 | -0.7 |
| 1999 | -1.7 | 0.4 |
| 1998 | -14.7 | -0 |
| 1997 | -14.3 | -0.1 |
| 1996 | -24.6 | 0.7 |
| 1995 | 67.2 | 1.6 |
| 1994 | -13.5 | 2.5 |
| 1993 | 18.2 | 2.6 |
| 1992 | -12.4 | 3.1 |
| 1991 | -171.2 | 17.3 |
| 1990 | -6.1 | 6.2 |
| 1989 | -3.7 | 5.3 |
| 1988 | -1.9 | 8.6 |
| 1987 | -1.9 | 5.9 |
| 1986 | -0.6 | 4.5 |
| 1985 | -0.6 | 4 |
| 1984 | 0.4 | 3.6 |
| 1983 | 1.1 | 1.8 |
| 1982 | 1.2 | 1.8 |
| 1981 | 1.2 | 17.8 |
| 1980 | 1.2 | -26.2 |
| 1979 | 1.3 | -20.8 |
| 1978 | 1.3 | -6.3 |
| 1977 | 1.3 | -15.9 |
| 1976 | 1.4 | -1.1 |
| 1975 | 1.4 | -1.3 |
| 1974 | 1.4 | -0.1 |
| 1973 | 1.5 | 0 |
| 1972 | 1.5 | -0.1 |
| 1971 | 1.4 | -0.5 |
| 1970 | 1.2 | 0.3 |
| 1969 | 1 | 0.3 |
| 1968 | 0.9 | 0.4 |
| 1967 | 0.9 | 0.6 |
| 1966 | 0.9 | 0.4 |
| 1965 | 1.1 | 0.7 |
| 1964 | 1.2 | 0.5 |
| 1963 | 1.3 | 0.4 |
| 1962 | 1.3 | 0.4 |
| 1961 | 1.2 | 0.3 |
| 1960 | 1.1 | 0.1 |
| 1959 | 0.9 | -0.3 |
| 1958 | 0.7 | -1.3 |
| 1957 | 0.6 | -0.6 |
| 1956 | 0.5 | -0.5 |
| 1955 | 0.4 | -0.5 |
| 1954 | 0.3 | -0.5 |
| 1953 | 0.2 | -0.7 |
| 1952 | 0.2 | -0.1 |
| 1951 | 0.2 | 0.2 |
| 1950 | 0.2 | 0.3 |
UN projection (medium variant) · 2024–2100
| Year | Eritrea | Ethiopia |
|---|---|---|
| 2024 | -3.6-53.6–41.3 | 0.2-10.2–9.9 |
| 2025 | -1.9-48.3–42.3 | 0.2-10.7–10.7 |
| 2026 | -2-54.8–40.7 | 0.2-11.5–10.3 |
| 2027 | -1.6-53.6–43.6 | 0.3-11.3–11 |
| 2028 | -1.7-49.3–43.1 | 0.1-12–10.8 |
| 2029 | -2-51.7–43.2 | 0.3-11–10.9 |
| 2030 | -1.3-50.5–43.7 | 0.2-11.2–10.7 |
| 2031 | -2.3-49.8–39.4 | 0.2-10.6–10.9 |
| 2032 | -2.1-52.8–42.4 | 0.3-11.4–10.9 |
| 2033 | -1.8-50.1–42.4 | 0-11.7–11.2 |
| 2034 | -1.2-48.3–41.4 | 0.2-11–10.8 |
| 2035 | -1.4-51–43.2 | 0.3-11.3–10.8 |
| 2036 | 0-49.3–44.2 | 0.3-11–11 |
| 2037 | 0.1-51.7–43.4 | 0.2-11.9–10.6 |
| 2038 | -0.7-50.7–44.2 | 0.3-11.3–11.3 |
| 2039 | -0.8-49.3–43.4 | 0.4-10.7–11.2 |
| 2040 | -0.5-48.7–43.7 | 0.3-10.7–11.3 |
| 2041 | -1.5-51.4–41.8 | 0.2-10.6–11.2 |
| 2042 | -0.7-48.3–44.4 | 0.2-11.2–11.3 |
| 2043 | -1.2-51.7–47.3 | 0.3-10.9–11.2 |
| 2044 | -1-49.8–43.3 | 0.3-11.5–11.5 |
| 2045 | -0.5-48.6–43.5 | 0.2-11.1–10.7 |
| 2046 | -1.4-50.2–42.2 | 0.3-10.9–11 |
| 2047 | -1.3-49.5–41.1 | 0.4-10.8–11.4 |
| 2048 | -1-51–45 | 0.2-11.4–11.3 |
| 2049 | -1.6-52.4–41.6 | 0.1-11.7–10.9 |
| 2050 | -1.3-47.8–41.8 | 0.1-11.2–10.7 |
| 2051 | -1.1-49.6–41.7 | 0.4-11.4–11.6 |
| 2052 | -0.3-52.7–45.9 | 0.1-11.4–11.4 |
| 2053 | -0.8-47.6–45.3 | 0-11.6–11 |
| 2054 | -2.1-52.8–43.2 | 0-11.5–11.3 |
| 2055 | -1.1-50.1–42.7 | -0.1-12–10.8 |
| 2056 | -2.5-51–40.3 | 0.3-11.7–11.5 |
| 2057 | -1.3-50.1–40.8 | -0-11.1–11.1 |
| 2058 | -1-47.8–43.2 | -0.2-11.9–11.2 |
| 2059 | -1-48.6–43.9 | 0.2-10.9–11.2 |
| 2060 | -0.8-48–38.7 | 0.2-11–11.1 |
| 2061 | -0.9-47.1–42.6 | 0.3-11–11.2 |
| 2062 | -1.5-51.7–42.5 | 0.1-12.2–11.6 |
| 2063 | -0.2-51.5–43.3 | 0.1-12–11.3 |
| 2064 | -1.9-52.1–43.4 | 0.1-12.2–11 |
| 2065 | -1.9-55.7–41.1 | 0-11.8–11.7 |
| 2066 | -0.9-50.6–42.3 | -0-12.1–11.4 |
| 2067 | -1.4-55–43.1 | 0.2-11.4–11 |
| 2068 | -1-50.8–44.5 | 0-12.6–11.3 |
| 2069 | -1.4-50.2–42.4 | 0.1-12.3–11.8 |
| 2070 | -1.3-54.6–42.8 | 0-12–11.4 |
| 2071 | -1.5-54.8–41.7 | 0.1-12.1–11.5 |
| 2072 | -1.3-49.6–41.8 | 0.2-12.6–11.1 |
| 2073 | -0.9-52.6–40.9 | -0-12.4–11.4 |
| 2074 | -1.9-54.1–38.5 | 0.3-12.4–11.7 |
| 2075 | -0.6-53.2–39.8 | 0.3-12–11.5 |
| 2076 | -1.3-52.2–43.1 | 0.2-12.6–11.4 |
| 2077 | -1-52.6–43.2 | 0.2-13.2–11.4 |
| 2078 | -1-48.8–42 | 0.2-12.8–11.7 |
| 2079 | -1.3-49.4–41.1 | -0.1-13.7–11.5 |
| 2080 | -0.3-53.3–42.7 | -0-14.1–11.5 |
| 2081 | -2.2-50.8–42 | 0.1-13.8–12.1 |
| 2082 | -1.3-55.4–38.5 | 0.2-13.6–11.6 |
| 2083 | -1.3-51.7–44.5 | 0-13.4–12.1 |
| 2084 | -0.6-55.3–42 | 0.1-12.6–12.4 |
| 2085 | -0.5-54.3–40.4 | 0.2-12.3–12 |
| 2086 | -0.8-47.4–41.1 | 0.3-13.2–12.1 |
| 2087 | -1.4-53.8–38.7 | 0-14.2–12.2 |
| 2088 | -1.1-52.5–43 | -0.2-13.7–10.9 |
| 2089 | -1.3-53.2–38.7 | -0.1-13.4–11.7 |
| 2090 | -1-55.3–40.1 | 0.2-13.1–12.2 |
| 2091 | -1.4-54.7–39.9 | 0.1-14.1–12.9 |
| 2092 | -0.6-52.1–40.6 | -0-14.3–11.4 |
| 2093 | -1.6-54–40.4 | 0.1-13.8–12 |
| 2094 | -1.4-57.6–42.4 | 0.3-13.3–12.7 |
| 2095 | -1.2-53.8–38.3 | 0-14–12.4 |
| 2096 | -1.5-58.3–42.2 | 0.4-14.5–12.9 |
| 2097 | -1.3-54.5–40 | 0.3-12.9–12.1 |
| 2098 | -1.1-54.4–38.8 | 0.2-14.2–11.6 |
| 2099 | -0.7-55.5–40.5 | 0.1-13.8–12.1 |
| 2100 | -0.8-53.4–41.1 | 0.4-13.7–12.5 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- People moving in minus people moving out in a year, per 1,000 residents; below zero, more left than arrived.
- Source: UN DESA, World Population Prospects 2024.
- The dashed line is the UN projection (medium variant), a scenario rather than a forecast; the band is its 95% prediction interval.
- Ranks count the 229 countries with a value in 2023, highest first.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Eritrea vs Ethiopia
Health
- Life expectancyEritrea: 68.6 years in 2023Ethiopia: 67.3 years in 2023
- Child mortalityEritrea: 3.4 per 100 live births in 2024Ethiopia: 4.5 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityEritrea: 27.1 per 1,000 live births in 2023Ethiopia: 33 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionEritrea: 3.87% in 2017Ethiopia: 3.82% in 2017
- Suicide rateEritrea: 15.7 per 100,000 people in 2017Ethiopia: 9.6 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationEritrea: 3.47 million people in 2023Ethiopia: 129 million people in 2023
- Population growthEritrea: 1.81% a year in 2023Ethiopia: 2.59% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateEritrea: 3.71 births per woman in 2023Ethiopia: 3.99 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationEritrea: 34.5% in 2025Ethiopia: 24.1% in 2025
- Median ageEritrea: 18.7 years in 2023Ethiopia: 18.7 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overEritrea: 4.2% in 2023Ethiopia: 3.2% in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingEritrea: 20.87% of GDP in 2003Ethiopia: 0.49% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending per personEritrea: $75 in 2003Ethiopia: $4 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingEritrea: 46.4% of government spending in 2003Ethiopia: 4.1% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelEritrea: 202,000 people in 2020Ethiopia: 138,000 people in 2020
- National powerEritrea: 0.31% of world capability in 2022Ethiopia: 0.85% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersEritrea: 13.29% of the labour force in 2020Ethiopia: 0.28% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsEritrea: 4 million TIV in 2007Ethiopia: 63 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsEritrea: 0 TIV in 2006Ethiopia: 17 million TIV in 1997