Eritrea vs Ethiopia
Eritrea vs Ethiopia: Girls in primary school
Girls in primary school: 49% in Eritrea in 2018 and 81.5% in Ethiopia in 2015, by Our World in Data estimates. In 2015 the value was higher in Ethiopia, by 24.6 percentage points, or 1.43 times that in Eritrea.
% of girls of primary-school age · Our World in Data
What the numbers say
- Ethiopia has been higher since 2008, when it overtook Eritrea.
- In 2012, Eritrea ranked 91 and Ethiopia ranked 85 of 97 countries, counting from the highest.
- The world as a whole: 88.2% in 2015.
Every year
% of girls of primary-school age · Our World in Data
| Year | Eritrea | Ethiopia | World |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2018 | 49 | – | 88.2 |
| 2017 | 49.3 | – | 88.2 |
| 2016 | – | – | 88.3 |
| 2015 | 56.8 | 81.5 | 88.2 |
| 2014 | 59.9 | 82.2 | 88.3 |
| 2013 | 60.8 | – | 88.2 |
| 2012 | 62.9 | 76.3 | 88.2 |
| 2011 | 61.2 | 75 | 88.1 |
| 2010 | 58.7 | 71.5 | 87.9 |
| 2009 | 63.2 | 73.6 | 87.9 |
| 2008 | 67.9 | 73.5 | 87.6 |
| 2007 | 72.7 | 67.7 | 87.2 |
| 2006 | 78.2 | 62.5 | 86 |
| 2005 | 76.4 | 57.2 | 85.4 |
| 2004 | 71.8 | 45.8 | 84.7 |
| 2003 | 66.8 | 42.1 | 83.5 |
| 2002 | 59.2 | 40.9 | 81.4 |
| 2001 | 52 | 38.5 | 81 |
| 2000 | 49.2 | 34.2 | 80.7 |
| 1999 | 42.2 | 29.3 | 79.9 |
| 1998 | – | 26.7 | 78.9 |
| 1997 | 35.6 | – | 78.1 |
| 1996 | 35 | 20.3 | 77.9 |
| 1995 | 32.8 | 17.3 | 78 |
| 1994 | 31.5 | 15.6 | 78.3 |
| 1993 | – | – | 78 |
| 1992 | 27.8 | – | 77.7 |
| 1991 | – | – | 77.8 |
| 1990 | – | – | 77.3 |
| 1989 | – | 24.1 | 77.6 |
| 1988 | – | 24.6 | 76.6 |
| 1987 | – | 24.3 | 75.8 |
| 1986 | – | – | 75.3 |
| 1985 | – | – | 74 |
| 1980 | – | – | 75.8 |
| 1975 | – | – | 72.9 |
| 1970 | – | – | 69 |
| 1965 | – | – | 66 |
| 1960 | – | – | 63.1 |
| 1955 | – | – | 57.4 |
| 1950 | – | – | 51.4 |
| 1945 | – | – | 43.5 |
| 1940 | – | – | 40 |
| 1935 | – | – | 38.2 |
| 1930 | – | – | 36.4 |
| 1925 | – | – | 33 |
| 1920 | – | – | 30.5 |
| 1915 | – | – | 29.2 |
| 1910 | – | – | 28.1 |
| 1905 | – | – | 25.1 |
| 1900 | – | – | 23.3 |
| 1895 | – | – | 21.8 |
| 1890 | – | – | 20 |
| 1885 | – | – | 19 |
| 1880 | – | – | 17.2 |
| 1875 | – | – | 15.7 |
| 1870 | – | – | 13.2 |
| 1865 | – | – | 10.6 |
| 1860 | – | – | 9.3 |
| 1855 | – | – | 8 |
| 1850 | – | – | 6.8 |
| 1845 | – | – | 5.9 |
| 1840 | – | – | 5.2 |
| 1835 | – | – | 4.5 |
| 1830 | – | – | 4 |
| 1825 | – | – | 3.5 |
| 1820 | – | – | 3.1 |
Each country on its own
Good to know
- The share of girls of primary-school age who are enrolled in school.
- Source: Our World in Data, joining historical estimates to the World Bank’s.
- Ranks count the 97 countries with a value in 2012, highest first.
- The faint line is the world as a whole, as the same source counts it.
How the layers work, where their data comes from and what they can’t tell you: Countries through time
Eritrea vs Ethiopia
Health
- Life expectancyEritrea: 68.6 years in 2023Ethiopia: 67.3 years in 2023
- Child mortalityEritrea: 3.4 per 100 live births in 2024Ethiopia: 4.5 per 100 live births in 2024
- Infant mortalityEritrea: 27.1 per 1,000 live births in 2023Ethiopia: 33 per 1,000 live births in 2023
- DepressionEritrea: 3.87% in 2017Ethiopia: 3.82% in 2017
- Suicide rateEritrea: 15.7 per 100,000 people in 2017Ethiopia: 9.6 per 100,000 people in 2017
People
- PopulationEritrea: 3.47 million people in 2023Ethiopia: 129 million people in 2023
- Population growthEritrea: 1.81% a year in 2023Ethiopia: 2.59% a year in 2023
- Fertility rateEritrea: 3.71 births per woman in 2023Ethiopia: 3.99 births per woman in 2023
- Urban populationEritrea: 34.5% in 2025Ethiopia: 24.1% in 2025
- Median ageEritrea: 18.7 years in 2023Ethiopia: 18.7 years in 2023
- People aged 65 and overEritrea: 4.2% in 2023Ethiopia: 3.2% in 2023
- Net migration rateEritrea: -4.4 per 1,000 people in 2023Ethiopia: -0.1 per 1,000 people in 2023
Economy
Education
Politics
Conflict
Military
- Military spendingEritrea: 20.87% of GDP in 2003Ethiopia: 0.49% of GDP in 2025
- Military spending per personEritrea: $75 in 2003Ethiopia: $4 in 2025
- Military share of state spendingEritrea: 46.4% of government spending in 2003Ethiopia: 4.1% of government spending in 2025
- Armed forces personnelEritrea: 202,000 people in 2020Ethiopia: 138,000 people in 2020
- National powerEritrea: 0.31% of world capability in 2022Ethiopia: 0.85% of world capability in 2022
- Armed forces, share of workersEritrea: 13.29% of the labour force in 2020Ethiopia: 0.28% of the labour force in 2020
- Arms importsEritrea: 4 million TIV in 2007Ethiopia: 63 million TIV in 2025
- Arms exportsEritrea: 0 TIV in 2006Ethiopia: 17 million TIV in 1997